[Cite as State v. LaPlante, 2011-Ohio-6675.] IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT ROSS COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO, :
Plaintiff-Appellee, : Case No. 11CA3215
vs. :
STEVEN LAPLANTE, : DECISION AND JUDGMENT ENTRY
Defendant-Appellant. :
_________________________________________________________________
APPEARANCES:
COUNSEL FOR APPELLANT: Steven LaPlante, #A577-748, Chillicothe Correctional Institute, 15802 State Route 104 North, P.O. Box 5500, Chillicothe, Ohio 45601, Pro Se
COUNSEL FOR APPELLEE: Matthew S. Schmidt, Ross County Prosecutor, and Richard W. Clagg, Ross County Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, 72 North Paint Street, Chillicothe, Ohio 45601
CRIMINAL APPEAL FROM COMMON PLEAS COURT DATE JOURNALIZED: 12-21-11
ABELE, J.
{¶ 1} This is an appeal from a Ross County Common Pleas Court judgment that denied
a motion by Steven LaPlante, defendant below and appellant herein, to withdraw his guilty plea.
Appellant assigns the following errors for review:
FIRST ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR:
“THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT DENIED THE APPELLANT’S MOTION TO WITHDRAW HIS GUILTY PLEA; [sic] BECAUSE THERE WAS SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE ROSS, 11CA3215 2
TO PROVE COUNSEL INEFFECTIVE.”
SECOND ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR:
“THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION IN TAKING 22 MONTHS TO RULE ON [THE] MOTION TO WITHDRAW GUILTY PLEA.”
THIRD ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR:
“THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN CONVICTING OF FELONIOUS ASSAULT [sic] INSTEAD OF LESSER [sic] CHARGE OF AGG. [sic] ASSAULT.”
FOURTH ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR:
“THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT ALLOWED AN ATTORNEY THAT WAS NOT THE ATTORNEY OF RECORD IN CASE NO. 06CR382 TO NEGOTIATE THE PLEA IN OPEN COURT.”
{¶ 2} On February 29, 2008, the Ross County Grand Jury returned an indictment that
charged appellant with one count of felonious assault in violation of R.C. 2903.11. Appellant
later agreed to plead guilty in exchange for a recommendation that he serve six years in prison.
{¶ 3} At the April 24, 2008 change of plea hearing, the trial court, after being satisfied
that appellant was aware of his rights and that his plea was knowing and voluntary, accepted
appellant's plea and found him guilty. The court thereafter sentenced appellant to serve six
years. No appeal was taken from that judgment.
{¶ 4} On March 23, 2009, appellant filed a motion to withdraw his guilty plea. The
gist of his motion is that trial counsel had rendered ineffective assistance in that she did not
mount a defense on his behalf.
{¶ 5} On January 27, 2011, the trial court overruled the motion. The court reasoned, in ROSS, 11CA3215 3
essence, that appellant had not demonstrated that any defense existed that trial counsel could
have raised on his behalf. This appeal followed.1
I
{¶ 6} In his first assignment of error, appellant asserts that the trial court erred by
overruling his motion to withdraw guilty plea. Our analysis begins with the premise that a
post-sentence guilty plea may be withdrawn only to correct a “manifest injustice.” Crim.R. 32.1.
Furthermore, a decision to grant a Crim.R. 32.1 motion lies in the sound discretion of the trial
court and will not be reversed absent an abuse of that discretion. State v. Xie (1992), 62 Ohio
St.3d 521, 584 N.E.2d 715, at paragraph two of the syllabus; State v. Smith (1977), 49 Ohio
St.2d 261, 361 N.E.2d 1324, paragraph two of the syllabus.
{¶ 7} Generally, an abuse of discretion is more than an error of law or judgment; rather,
it implies that a trial court's attitude is unreasonable, arbitrary or unconscionable. State v. Clark
(1994), 71 Ohio St.3d 466, 470, 644 N.E.2d 331, 335; State v. Moreland (1990), 50 Ohio St.3d
58, 61, 552 N.E.2d 894, 898. When conducting a review under the abuse of discretion standard,
appellate courts must not substitute their judgment for that of the trial court. State ex rel. Duncan
v. Chippewa Twp. Trustees (1995), 73 Ohio St.3d 728, 732, 654 N.E.2d 1254; In re Jane Doe 1
(1991), 57 Ohio St.3d 135, 137-138, 566 N.E.2d 1181.
{¶ 8} In the case sub judice, we conclude that the trial court’s decision on this matter is
1 Appellant’s brief presents one argument for all four assignments of error. Separate arguments are required for each assignment of error. See App.R. 16(A)(7). A failure to provide separate arguments is grounds for us to disregard them. See App.R. 12(A)(2). State v. Shepherd, Scioto App. No. 10CA3374, 2011-Ohio-2192, at ¶15, fn. 1; State v. Keck, Washington App. No. 09CA50, 2011-Ohio-1643, at ¶46, fn. 11. In short, we have the authority to disregard this entire appeal and affirm the trial court's judgment. Nevertheless, this Court has a long tradition of affording leniency to pro se litigants. See e.g. Powell v. Valandingham, Washington App. No. 10CA24, 2011-Ohio-3208, at ¶24. Accordingly, we will consider the merits of his arguments. ROSS, 11CA3215 4
correct and does not constitute an abuse of discretion. First, the doctrine of res judicata bars a
defendant from raising any issue in a post-sentence Crim.R. 32.1 motion to withdraw guilty plea
that could have been raised, but was not, on direct appeal. See e.g. State v. Nickelson, Lawrence
App. No. 10CA21, 2011-Ohio-1352, at ¶8; Jackson v. Friley, Jackson App. No. 07CA1,
2007–Ohio-6755, at ¶17. If appellant truly believed that trial counsel provided ineffective
assistance, he could have raised that issue on direct appeal. After all, the alleged errors he now
raises would have been apparent at the time of his conviction the same as they were ten months
later when he filed his motion.
{¶ 9} Second, we agree with the trial court's observation that appellant presented
nothing to substantiate an available defense that trial counsel could have made, but did not,
during her representation.2 Generally, a successful ineffective assistance of counsel claim must
show (1) an error by trial counsel, and (2) that such error prejudiced the defense. Prejudice will
not be assumed on an ineffective assistance claim, but must be affirmatively shown. State v.
Chambers, Adams App. No. 10CA902, 2011-Ohio-4352, at ¶54; State v. Hughes, Athens App.
No. 08CA19, 2010-Ohio-2969, at ¶27; State v. Clark, Pike App. No. 02CA684, 2003-Ohio-1707,
at ¶22.
{¶ 10} In the case sub judice, the trial court correctly points out that appellant’s motion
neglected to argue that he had a valid defense to assert. Instead, appellant argued that his trial
counsel failed to mount any defense. This is not sufficient to establish ineffective assistance of
2 We also note that when asked during the April 16, 2008 change of plea hearing whether he was satisfied with his trial counsel's representation, appellant responded in the affirmative. If appellant believed that counsel’s efforts were ineffective, this might have been an appropriate stage of the proceedings to make that opinion known to the trial court. ROSS, 11CA3215 5
trial counsel, nor is it sufficient for appellant to demonstrate that he would suffer a manifest
injustice if not permitted to withdraw his guilty plea.
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[Cite as State v. LaPlante, 2011-Ohio-6675.] IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT ROSS COUNTY
STATE OF OHIO, :
Plaintiff-Appellee, : Case No. 11CA3215
vs. :
STEVEN LAPLANTE, : DECISION AND JUDGMENT ENTRY
Defendant-Appellant. :
_________________________________________________________________
APPEARANCES:
COUNSEL FOR APPELLANT: Steven LaPlante, #A577-748, Chillicothe Correctional Institute, 15802 State Route 104 North, P.O. Box 5500, Chillicothe, Ohio 45601, Pro Se
COUNSEL FOR APPELLEE: Matthew S. Schmidt, Ross County Prosecutor, and Richard W. Clagg, Ross County Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, 72 North Paint Street, Chillicothe, Ohio 45601
CRIMINAL APPEAL FROM COMMON PLEAS COURT DATE JOURNALIZED: 12-21-11
ABELE, J.
{¶ 1} This is an appeal from a Ross County Common Pleas Court judgment that denied
a motion by Steven LaPlante, defendant below and appellant herein, to withdraw his guilty plea.
Appellant assigns the following errors for review:
FIRST ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR:
“THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT DENIED THE APPELLANT’S MOTION TO WITHDRAW HIS GUILTY PLEA; [sic] BECAUSE THERE WAS SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE ROSS, 11CA3215 2
TO PROVE COUNSEL INEFFECTIVE.”
SECOND ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR:
“THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION IN TAKING 22 MONTHS TO RULE ON [THE] MOTION TO WITHDRAW GUILTY PLEA.”
THIRD ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR:
“THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN CONVICTING OF FELONIOUS ASSAULT [sic] INSTEAD OF LESSER [sic] CHARGE OF AGG. [sic] ASSAULT.”
FOURTH ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR:
“THE TRIAL COURT ERRED WHEN IT ALLOWED AN ATTORNEY THAT WAS NOT THE ATTORNEY OF RECORD IN CASE NO. 06CR382 TO NEGOTIATE THE PLEA IN OPEN COURT.”
{¶ 2} On February 29, 2008, the Ross County Grand Jury returned an indictment that
charged appellant with one count of felonious assault in violation of R.C. 2903.11. Appellant
later agreed to plead guilty in exchange for a recommendation that he serve six years in prison.
{¶ 3} At the April 24, 2008 change of plea hearing, the trial court, after being satisfied
that appellant was aware of his rights and that his plea was knowing and voluntary, accepted
appellant's plea and found him guilty. The court thereafter sentenced appellant to serve six
years. No appeal was taken from that judgment.
{¶ 4} On March 23, 2009, appellant filed a motion to withdraw his guilty plea. The
gist of his motion is that trial counsel had rendered ineffective assistance in that she did not
mount a defense on his behalf.
{¶ 5} On January 27, 2011, the trial court overruled the motion. The court reasoned, in ROSS, 11CA3215 3
essence, that appellant had not demonstrated that any defense existed that trial counsel could
have raised on his behalf. This appeal followed.1
I
{¶ 6} In his first assignment of error, appellant asserts that the trial court erred by
overruling his motion to withdraw guilty plea. Our analysis begins with the premise that a
post-sentence guilty plea may be withdrawn only to correct a “manifest injustice.” Crim.R. 32.1.
Furthermore, a decision to grant a Crim.R. 32.1 motion lies in the sound discretion of the trial
court and will not be reversed absent an abuse of that discretion. State v. Xie (1992), 62 Ohio
St.3d 521, 584 N.E.2d 715, at paragraph two of the syllabus; State v. Smith (1977), 49 Ohio
St.2d 261, 361 N.E.2d 1324, paragraph two of the syllabus.
{¶ 7} Generally, an abuse of discretion is more than an error of law or judgment; rather,
it implies that a trial court's attitude is unreasonable, arbitrary or unconscionable. State v. Clark
(1994), 71 Ohio St.3d 466, 470, 644 N.E.2d 331, 335; State v. Moreland (1990), 50 Ohio St.3d
58, 61, 552 N.E.2d 894, 898. When conducting a review under the abuse of discretion standard,
appellate courts must not substitute their judgment for that of the trial court. State ex rel. Duncan
v. Chippewa Twp. Trustees (1995), 73 Ohio St.3d 728, 732, 654 N.E.2d 1254; In re Jane Doe 1
(1991), 57 Ohio St.3d 135, 137-138, 566 N.E.2d 1181.
{¶ 8} In the case sub judice, we conclude that the trial court’s decision on this matter is
1 Appellant’s brief presents one argument for all four assignments of error. Separate arguments are required for each assignment of error. See App.R. 16(A)(7). A failure to provide separate arguments is grounds for us to disregard them. See App.R. 12(A)(2). State v. Shepherd, Scioto App. No. 10CA3374, 2011-Ohio-2192, at ¶15, fn. 1; State v. Keck, Washington App. No. 09CA50, 2011-Ohio-1643, at ¶46, fn. 11. In short, we have the authority to disregard this entire appeal and affirm the trial court's judgment. Nevertheless, this Court has a long tradition of affording leniency to pro se litigants. See e.g. Powell v. Valandingham, Washington App. No. 10CA24, 2011-Ohio-3208, at ¶24. Accordingly, we will consider the merits of his arguments. ROSS, 11CA3215 4
correct and does not constitute an abuse of discretion. First, the doctrine of res judicata bars a
defendant from raising any issue in a post-sentence Crim.R. 32.1 motion to withdraw guilty plea
that could have been raised, but was not, on direct appeal. See e.g. State v. Nickelson, Lawrence
App. No. 10CA21, 2011-Ohio-1352, at ¶8; Jackson v. Friley, Jackson App. No. 07CA1,
2007–Ohio-6755, at ¶17. If appellant truly believed that trial counsel provided ineffective
assistance, he could have raised that issue on direct appeal. After all, the alleged errors he now
raises would have been apparent at the time of his conviction the same as they were ten months
later when he filed his motion.
{¶ 9} Second, we agree with the trial court's observation that appellant presented
nothing to substantiate an available defense that trial counsel could have made, but did not,
during her representation.2 Generally, a successful ineffective assistance of counsel claim must
show (1) an error by trial counsel, and (2) that such error prejudiced the defense. Prejudice will
not be assumed on an ineffective assistance claim, but must be affirmatively shown. State v.
Chambers, Adams App. No. 10CA902, 2011-Ohio-4352, at ¶54; State v. Hughes, Athens App.
No. 08CA19, 2010-Ohio-2969, at ¶27; State v. Clark, Pike App. No. 02CA684, 2003-Ohio-1707,
at ¶22.
{¶ 10} In the case sub judice, the trial court correctly points out that appellant’s motion
neglected to argue that he had a valid defense to assert. Instead, appellant argued that his trial
counsel failed to mount any defense. This is not sufficient to establish ineffective assistance of
2 We also note that when asked during the April 16, 2008 change of plea hearing whether he was satisfied with his trial counsel's representation, appellant responded in the affirmative. If appellant believed that counsel’s efforts were ineffective, this might have been an appropriate stage of the proceedings to make that opinion known to the trial court. ROSS, 11CA3215 5
trial counsel, nor is it sufficient for appellant to demonstrate that he would suffer a manifest
injustice if not permitted to withdraw his guilty plea.
{¶ 11} Therefore, the trial court did not abuse its discretion in overruling appellant's
motion and we hereby overrule appellant’s first assignment of error.
II
{¶ 12} In his second assignment of error, appellant asserts that the passage of time
between the date he filed his motion and the trial court's subsequent ruling constitutes an abuse
its discretion. We, however, fail to see how the delay caused appellant to suffer any prejudice.
This is particularly true in view of the trial court’s conclusion, as well as our own, that appellant's
motion has no merit.
{¶ 13} Thus, because we find no prejudice nor reversible error, we hereby overrule
appellant's second assignment of error.
III
{¶ 14} We now jointly consider appellant’s third and fourth assignments of error that
raised allegations of error in his conviction and in yet another case with which appellant was
involved.
{¶ 15} Proceeding in reverse order, appellant’s fourth assignment of error raises an issue
from Ross County Common Pleas Court No. 06CR382. However, his appeal in the case sub
judice emanates from Ross County Common Pleas Court Case No. 08CR77. Any error from the
2006 case must be raised in an appeal of that case. An appeal from Case No. 08CR77 is not the
proper forum to raise that issue.
{¶ 16} Appellant’s claim that he should have been convicted of aggravated assault rather ROSS, 11CA3215 6
than felonious assault is yet another issue that he could have raised on direct appeal of his
conviction. The doctrine of res judicata bars from consideration in a later proceeding an issue
that could have been raised in appeal, but was not. See e.g. Jackson, supra at ¶17; State v.
Pemberton, Gallia App. No. 10CA4, 2011-Ohio-373, at ¶19. Appellant did not appeal his
original conviction in the case sub judice and, thus, is barred from raising this issue at this time.
Consequently, neither of the issues appellant raises in his third and fourth assignments of error
are properly before us. For these reasons, we hereby overrule appellant's third and fourth
assignments of error.
{¶ 17} Having considered all of the errors appellant assigned and argued, we hereby
affirm the trial court's judgment.
JUDGMENT AFFIRMED.
JUDGMENT ENTRY
It is ordered that the judgment be affirmed and that appellee recover of appellant costs herein taxed.
The Court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this Court directing the Ross County Common Pleas Court to carry this judgment into execution.
If a stay of execution of sentence and release upon bail has been previously granted, it is continued for a period of sixty days upon the bail previously posted. The purpose of said stay is to allow appellant to file with the Ohio Supreme Court an application for a stay during the pendency of the proceedings in that court. The stay as herein continued will terminate at the expiration of the sixty day period.
The stay will also terminate if appellant fails to file a notice of appeal with the Ohio ROSS, 11CA3215 7
Supreme Court in the forty-five day period pursuant to Rule II, Sec. 2 of the Rules of Practice of the Ohio Supreme Court. Additionally, if the Ohio Supreme Court dismisses the appeal prior to the expiration of said sixty days, the stay will terminate as of the date of such dismissal.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute that mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
Harsha, P.J. & McFarland, J.: Concur in Judgment & Opinion
For the Court
BY: Peter B. Abele, Judge
NOTICE TO COUNSEL
Pursuant to Local Rule No. 14, this document constitutes a final judgment entry and the time period for further appeal commences from the date of filing with the clerk.