[Cite as State v. Krisha, 2016-Ohio-3512.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
ELEVENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
LAKE COUNTY, OHIO
STATE OF OHIO, : OPINION
Plaintiff-Appellee, : CASE NOS. 2015-L-125, - vs - : 2015-L-126 and 2015-L-127 DOMINICK J. KRISHA, :
Defendant-Appellant. :
Criminal Appeal from the Lake County Court of Common Pleas, Case Nos. 11 CR 000595, 13 CR 000274, and 13 CR 000597.
Judgment: Affirmed.
Charles E. Coulson, Lake County Prosecutor, and Alana A. Rezaee, Assistant Prosecutor, Lake County Administration Building, 105 Main Street, P.O. Box 490, Painesville, OH 44077 (For Plaintiff-Appellee).
Dominick J. Krisha, pro se, PID# A644-745, Lake Erie Correctional Institution, P.O. Box 8000, 501 Thompson Road, Conneaut, OH 44030 (Defendant-Appellant).
DIANE V. GRENDELL, J.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant, Dominick J. Krisha, appeals the imposition of
consecutive sentences in three criminal prosecutions described in further detail below.
The determinative issue before this court is whether an offender is barred by res
judicata from raising errors regarding the imposition of consecutive sentences in post- conviction proceedings. For the following reasons, we affirm the decision of the court
below.
{¶2} In State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 11-CR-000595, Krisha entered a plea of
“Guilty” by way of Information to one count of Trafficking in Marijuana, a felony of the
fifth degree in violation of R.C. 2925.03(A)(1), and one count of Possession of Heroin, a
felony of the fourth degree in violation of R.C. 2925.11. On February 1, 2012, Krisha
was sentenced to three years of community control. On August 28, 2013, Krisha
entered a plea of “Guilty” to the charge of violating the terms of his community control.
{¶3} In State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 13-CR-000274, Krisha entered a plea of
“Guilty” by way of Information to one count of Trafficking in Heroin, a felony of the fourth
degree in violation of R.C. 2925.03(A)(1).
{¶4} In State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 13-CR-000597, Krisha entered a plea of
“Guilty” by way of Information to one count of Possession of Heroin, a felony of the first
degree in violation of R.C. 2925.11.
{¶5} On October 8, 2013, Krisha was sentenced to serve an aggregate prison
term of ten years for all three cases. The particulars of Krisha’s sentences are as
follows:
{¶6} In State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 11-CR-000595, Krisha was sentenced to
serve consecutive terms of nine months in prison for Trafficking in Marijuana and fifteen
months in prison for Possession of Heroin, for a prison sentence of twenty-four months.
Krisha was furthered ordered to serve the twenty-four-month sentence consecutively
with the sentences imposed in Lake C.P. Nos. 13-CR-000597 and 13-CR-000274.
2 {¶7} In State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 13-CR-000274, Krisha was sentenced to
serve a prison term of one year for Trafficking in Heroin. Krisha was further ordered to
serve the one-year sentence concurrently with the sentence imposed in Lake C.P. No.
13-CR-000597 and consecutively with the sentence imposed in Lake C.P. No. 11-CR-
000595.
{¶8} In State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 13-CR-000597, Krisha was sentenced to
serve a prison term of eight years for Possession of Heroin. Krisha was further ordered
to serve the eight-year sentence concurrently with the sentence imposed in Lake C.P.
No. 13-CR-000274 and consecutively with the sentence imposed in Lake C.P. No. 11-
CR-000595.
{¶9} The sentencing court made the following findings in each case:
Pursuant to R.C. 2929.14(C)(4) and R.C. 2929.19(B)(2)(b), the
Court finds for the reasons stated on the record that consecutive
sentences are necessary to protect the public from future crime or
to punish the Defendant and are not disproportionate to the
Defendant’s conduct and the danger the Defendant poses to the
public, that the Defendant committed one or more of the multiple
offenses while under a sanction pursuant to R.C. 2929.16, 2929.17,
or 2929.18 and the Defendant’s history of criminal conduct
demonstrates that consecutive sentences are necessary to protect
the public from future crime by the Defendant.
{¶10} On September 23, 2015, Krisha filed, in all three cases, a Motion
Requesting Resentencing pursuant to R.C. §2929.41. Krisha contended “that his
3 consecutive sentences are void and constituted an abuse of discretion and violated
protections guaranteed under provisions of the double jeopardy clause of the Fifth
Amendment.”
{¶11} On October 13, 2015, the State filed its Response.
{¶12} On October 21, 2015, the trial court entered an Opinion and Judgment
Entry, denying Krisha’s Motion Requesting Resentencing. The court stated that it was
without authority to modify a sentence once it has been executed, i.e., “when the
defendant is delivered to prison.” The court further stated that “the sentencing entries
demonstrate that this court made the findings required by R.C. 2929.14 and R.C.
2929.19 before imposing consecutive sentences.”
{¶13} On November 18, 2015, Krisha filed Notices of Appeal in all three cases.
{¶14} On December 2, 2015, this court sua sponte consolidated the appeals for
all purposes.
{¶15} On appeal, Krisha raises the following assignment of error:
{¶16} “[1.] The trial court erred to the prejudice of the defendant-appellant and
abused its discretion when it denied his Motion Requesting Resentencing pursuant to
R.C. 2929.41(A) without a hearing.”
{¶17} Krisha argues that the “sentencing court * * * made some, but not all of the
statutorily required findings before it imposed the consecutive sentences,” specifically,
“it failed to state on the record that it considered the mandatory language of R.C.
§2929.41(A) as to imposing concurrent sentences instead of consecutive sentences.”
Appellant’s brief at 5.
4 {¶18} Consideration of Krisha’s argument on appeal is barred by his failure to
file a direct appeal from the October 8, 2013 sentencing entries and by the doctrine of
res judicata.
{¶19} “Under the doctrine of res judicata, a final judgment of conviction bars a
convicted defendant who was represented by counsel from raising and litigating in any
proceeding except an appeal from that judgment, any defense or any claimed lack of
due process that was raised or could have been raised by the defendant at the trial,
which resulted in that judgment of conviction, or on an appeal from that judgment.”
State v. Perry, 10 Ohio St.2d 175, 226 N.E.2d 104 (1967), paragraph nine of the
syllabus.
{¶20} “Arguments challenging the imposition of a sentence that is voidable are
barred by the doctrine of res judicata if not raised on direct appeal.” State v. Britta, 11th
Dist. Lake No. 2011-L-041, 2011-Ohio-6096, ¶ 17, citing State v. Simpkins, 117 Ohio
St.3d 420, 2008-Ohio-1197, 884 N.E.2d 568, ¶ 30 (res judicata “operate[s] to prevent
consideration of a collateral attack based on a claim that could have been raised on
direct appeal from the voidable sentence”).
{¶21} Errors in the imposition of consecutive sentences, such as the failure to
make the required statutory findings, render the sentences voidable, rather than void.
State v. Wilson, 11th Dist. Lake No. 2015-L-067, 2015-Ohio-5465, ¶ 19; State v.
Bowshier, 2d Dist. Clark No.
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[Cite as State v. Krisha, 2016-Ohio-3512.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS
ELEVENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
LAKE COUNTY, OHIO
STATE OF OHIO, : OPINION
Plaintiff-Appellee, : CASE NOS. 2015-L-125, - vs - : 2015-L-126 and 2015-L-127 DOMINICK J. KRISHA, :
Defendant-Appellant. :
Criminal Appeal from the Lake County Court of Common Pleas, Case Nos. 11 CR 000595, 13 CR 000274, and 13 CR 000597.
Judgment: Affirmed.
Charles E. Coulson, Lake County Prosecutor, and Alana A. Rezaee, Assistant Prosecutor, Lake County Administration Building, 105 Main Street, P.O. Box 490, Painesville, OH 44077 (For Plaintiff-Appellee).
Dominick J. Krisha, pro se, PID# A644-745, Lake Erie Correctional Institution, P.O. Box 8000, 501 Thompson Road, Conneaut, OH 44030 (Defendant-Appellant).
DIANE V. GRENDELL, J.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant, Dominick J. Krisha, appeals the imposition of
consecutive sentences in three criminal prosecutions described in further detail below.
The determinative issue before this court is whether an offender is barred by res
judicata from raising errors regarding the imposition of consecutive sentences in post- conviction proceedings. For the following reasons, we affirm the decision of the court
below.
{¶2} In State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 11-CR-000595, Krisha entered a plea of
“Guilty” by way of Information to one count of Trafficking in Marijuana, a felony of the
fifth degree in violation of R.C. 2925.03(A)(1), and one count of Possession of Heroin, a
felony of the fourth degree in violation of R.C. 2925.11. On February 1, 2012, Krisha
was sentenced to three years of community control. On August 28, 2013, Krisha
entered a plea of “Guilty” to the charge of violating the terms of his community control.
{¶3} In State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 13-CR-000274, Krisha entered a plea of
“Guilty” by way of Information to one count of Trafficking in Heroin, a felony of the fourth
degree in violation of R.C. 2925.03(A)(1).
{¶4} In State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 13-CR-000597, Krisha entered a plea of
“Guilty” by way of Information to one count of Possession of Heroin, a felony of the first
degree in violation of R.C. 2925.11.
{¶5} On October 8, 2013, Krisha was sentenced to serve an aggregate prison
term of ten years for all three cases. The particulars of Krisha’s sentences are as
follows:
{¶6} In State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 11-CR-000595, Krisha was sentenced to
serve consecutive terms of nine months in prison for Trafficking in Marijuana and fifteen
months in prison for Possession of Heroin, for a prison sentence of twenty-four months.
Krisha was furthered ordered to serve the twenty-four-month sentence consecutively
with the sentences imposed in Lake C.P. Nos. 13-CR-000597 and 13-CR-000274.
2 {¶7} In State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 13-CR-000274, Krisha was sentenced to
serve a prison term of one year for Trafficking in Heroin. Krisha was further ordered to
serve the one-year sentence concurrently with the sentence imposed in Lake C.P. No.
13-CR-000597 and consecutively with the sentence imposed in Lake C.P. No. 11-CR-
000595.
{¶8} In State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 13-CR-000597, Krisha was sentenced to
serve a prison term of eight years for Possession of Heroin. Krisha was further ordered
to serve the eight-year sentence concurrently with the sentence imposed in Lake C.P.
No. 13-CR-000274 and consecutively with the sentence imposed in Lake C.P. No. 11-
CR-000595.
{¶9} The sentencing court made the following findings in each case:
Pursuant to R.C. 2929.14(C)(4) and R.C. 2929.19(B)(2)(b), the
Court finds for the reasons stated on the record that consecutive
sentences are necessary to protect the public from future crime or
to punish the Defendant and are not disproportionate to the
Defendant’s conduct and the danger the Defendant poses to the
public, that the Defendant committed one or more of the multiple
offenses while under a sanction pursuant to R.C. 2929.16, 2929.17,
or 2929.18 and the Defendant’s history of criminal conduct
demonstrates that consecutive sentences are necessary to protect
the public from future crime by the Defendant.
{¶10} On September 23, 2015, Krisha filed, in all three cases, a Motion
Requesting Resentencing pursuant to R.C. §2929.41. Krisha contended “that his
3 consecutive sentences are void and constituted an abuse of discretion and violated
protections guaranteed under provisions of the double jeopardy clause of the Fifth
Amendment.”
{¶11} On October 13, 2015, the State filed its Response.
{¶12} On October 21, 2015, the trial court entered an Opinion and Judgment
Entry, denying Krisha’s Motion Requesting Resentencing. The court stated that it was
without authority to modify a sentence once it has been executed, i.e., “when the
defendant is delivered to prison.” The court further stated that “the sentencing entries
demonstrate that this court made the findings required by R.C. 2929.14 and R.C.
2929.19 before imposing consecutive sentences.”
{¶13} On November 18, 2015, Krisha filed Notices of Appeal in all three cases.
{¶14} On December 2, 2015, this court sua sponte consolidated the appeals for
all purposes.
{¶15} On appeal, Krisha raises the following assignment of error:
{¶16} “[1.] The trial court erred to the prejudice of the defendant-appellant and
abused its discretion when it denied his Motion Requesting Resentencing pursuant to
R.C. 2929.41(A) without a hearing.”
{¶17} Krisha argues that the “sentencing court * * * made some, but not all of the
statutorily required findings before it imposed the consecutive sentences,” specifically,
“it failed to state on the record that it considered the mandatory language of R.C.
§2929.41(A) as to imposing concurrent sentences instead of consecutive sentences.”
Appellant’s brief at 5.
4 {¶18} Consideration of Krisha’s argument on appeal is barred by his failure to
file a direct appeal from the October 8, 2013 sentencing entries and by the doctrine of
res judicata.
{¶19} “Under the doctrine of res judicata, a final judgment of conviction bars a
convicted defendant who was represented by counsel from raising and litigating in any
proceeding except an appeal from that judgment, any defense or any claimed lack of
due process that was raised or could have been raised by the defendant at the trial,
which resulted in that judgment of conviction, or on an appeal from that judgment.”
State v. Perry, 10 Ohio St.2d 175, 226 N.E.2d 104 (1967), paragraph nine of the
syllabus.
{¶20} “Arguments challenging the imposition of a sentence that is voidable are
barred by the doctrine of res judicata if not raised on direct appeal.” State v. Britta, 11th
Dist. Lake No. 2011-L-041, 2011-Ohio-6096, ¶ 17, citing State v. Simpkins, 117 Ohio
St.3d 420, 2008-Ohio-1197, 884 N.E.2d 568, ¶ 30 (res judicata “operate[s] to prevent
consideration of a collateral attack based on a claim that could have been raised on
direct appeal from the voidable sentence”).
{¶21} Errors in the imposition of consecutive sentences, such as the failure to
make the required statutory findings, render the sentences voidable, rather than void.
State v. Wilson, 11th Dist. Lake No. 2015-L-067, 2015-Ohio-5465, ¶ 19; State v.
Bowshier, 2d Dist. Clark No. 2015-CA-53, 2016-Ohio-1416, ¶ 16 (“the Supreme Court of
Ohio ‘has declined to find sentences void based on the court’s failure to comply with
certain sentencing statutes, including the consecutive sentencing statute’”) (citation
omitted).
5 {¶22} As the Ohio Supreme Court has explained:
[C]hallenges to a trial court’s compliance with R.C. 2929.11 and
2929.12, which may be brought by either the defendant or the
state, must still be presented in a timely direct appeal under R.C.
2953.08. R.C. 2953.08(E); see generally State v. Kalish, 120 Ohio
St.3d 23, 2008-Ohio-4912, 896 N.E.2d 124. This is also true with
regard to challenges to a sentencing court’s determination whether
offenses are allied and its judgment as to whether sentences must
be served concurrently or consecutively. See generally State v.
Johnson, 128 Ohio St.3d 153, 2010-Ohio-6314, 942 N.E.2d 1061;
State v. Hodge, 128 Ohio St.3d 1, 2010-Ohio-6320, 941 N.E.2d
768.
State v. Holdcroft, 137 Ohio St.3d 526, 2013-Ohio-5014, 1 N.E.3d 382, ¶ 8.
{¶23} The sole assignment of error is without merit.
{¶24} For the foregoing reasons, the imposition of consecutive sentences in
State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 11-CR-000595, State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 13-CR-
000274, and State v. Krisha, Lake C.P. No. 13-CR-000597, is affirmed. Costs to be
taxed against appellant.
TIMOTHY P. CANNON, J.,
THOMAS R. WRIGHT, J.,
concur.