State v. Jackson

948 S.W.2d 138, 1997 Mo. App. LEXIS 882, 1997 WL 242054
Missouri Court of Appeals·Decided May 13, 1997·No. Nos. 68227, 70280·Published·Cited by 11 cases

Opinion

KAROHL, Judge.

Defendant, Matthew Jackson, appeals after sentencing for the unlawful possession of a coneealable weapon, Section 571.070 RSMo 1994.

Section 571.070 RSMo 1994, in relevant part, provides:

1. A person commits the crime of unlawful possession of a coneealable firearm if he has any coneealable firearm in his possession and:
(1) He has pled guilty to or has been convicted of a dangerous felony, as defined in section 556.061, RSMo, or of an attempt to commit a dangerous felony, or of a crime under the laws of any state or of the United States which, if committed within this state, would be a dangerous felony, or confined therefor in this state or elsewhere during the five-year period immediately preceding the date of such possession;....

Jackson argues the elements of the crime are possession of a coneealable firearm by a defendant within five years of confinement of that defendant for a “dangerous” felony. The state suggests another interpretation in its brief, “[t]he statute appears to be written in the disjunctive which would [forever] pro-[140] Mbit firearms to people convicted of dangerous felomes or to people confined in a pem-tentiary over the last five years for any crime.” However, “for purposes of tMs appeal only, the State accepts the burden that it must prove that appellant was confined within the last five years for a dangerous felony.” It is unnecessary for us to decide which interpretation is correct. We affirm.

The evidence presented to the jury to support this charge was as follows. On April 6, 1994, a police officer retrieved a .357 revolver from Jackson’s waistband during a search of Jackson incident to Ms arrest for another crime. State’s Exhibit 6, as shown to the jury, consisted of two documents. The first, dated December 19, 1984, recites a plea of guilty, judgment and sentence for a ten year term of imprisonment on “the offense charged, Rape, a felony, committed on August 9, 1983.” The second document, dated August 9, 1984, recites a plea of guilty, judgment and sentence for a ten year term of imprisonment on “the offenses charged, Count II: Rape, a felony, committed on August 9,1983;.... ” In Ms testimony, Jackson told the jury he pled guilty in 1984 to one rape and one kidnapping.

State’s Exhibit 3 page 5, which the jury saw, notes Jackson was last released from prison on November 30, 1990. Jackson was arrested on the subject charge on April 6, 1994.

Three of Jackson’s four points on appeal depend upon Ms contention the state never proved he was incarcerated for a “dangerous” felony within five years of his possession of a concealable firearm. Section 556.061 RSMo 1994 defines forcible rape as a “dangerous felony.” It does not define statutory rape as a “dangerous felony.” In 1983, when the rape occurred, forcible rape was an unclassified felony and statutory rape was a class B felony. Instruction No. 6 oMy submitted whether Jackson, on November 29, 1990, “was confined for having committed the crime of rape.” The instruction did not require the jury to find “forcible” rape as the crime committed in 1983. The disputed facts issue was the date when the defendant was last confined for rape, not whether the rape charge was based on force or age of the female.

We know from a supplemental record containing an agreement of counsel the jury never saw or heard any evidence to support a finding of forcible rape. However, we also know by examination of the entirety of state’s ExMbits 3 and 6, some of which were redacted and not seen by the jury, the state proved all of the elements of the charged crime including confirmation the 1983 rape was forcible. Jackson was not prejudiced by the failure to submit an uncontested fact issue that the conviction was for forcible rape.

The court admitted, without relevant objection, Exhibit 3, consisting of seven pages and two mugshots, and Exhibit 6, consisting of 22 pages. These exhibits have been filed for our review. The trial court permitted a redacted version of each exhibit to be displayed to the jury. The exMbits support a finding that Jackson was charged with forcible rape, pleaded guilty to forcible rape and was sentenced to serve 10 years on that charge. The apparent confusion over whether there were two different pleas and two sentences does not present a problem because both were for forcible rape. Jackson never contended the 1983 rape was statutory and never offered opposing evidence on the issue of forcible or statutory rape. The category of the rape conviction was never in dispute.

The state met its burden of proof. It presented evidence to support a finding on all elements of the charged crime, that Jackson possessed a concealable firearm withm five years of confinement for forcible rape, a dangerous felony. The court did not err in denying Jackson’s motions for a directed verdict and for acquittal. The instruction was sufficient to submit all contested elements of the charge. Points I, II and III are demed.

In Ms final point, Jackson asserts a Batson v. Kentucky, 476 U.S. 79, 106 S.Ct. 1712, 90 L.Ed.2d 69 (1986) claim. To challenge the state’s peremptory strike defendant must first object to the state’s use of peremptory challenges as a violation of Bat-son and identify the cognizable racial group to wMch the venireperson belongs. State v. [141] Parker, 836 S.W.2d 930, 939 (Mo. banc 1992). The state must then come forward with reasonably specific race-neutral explanations for the strike. Id. The explanation, however, need not be persuasive, or even plausible. Purkett v. Elem, 514 U.S. 765, 115 S.Ct. 1769, 131 L.Ed.2d 834 (1995). The issue is the facial validity of the state’s explanation. Unless a discriminatory intent is inherent in the explanation, the reason offered will be deemed race neutral. Id. Assuming the prosecutor is able to articulate an acceptable reason for the strike, the defendant will then need to show that the state’s proffered reasons for the strike were merely pretextual and that the strike was racially motivated. Parker, 836 S.W.2d at 939.

At trial, Jackson attempted to assert six specific Batson claims. The trial court stated:

Well, you don’t need to recite them at this point.
Let the record reflect by the Court’s observation the pool from which the strikes were made consisted of 17 white and ten black, including one black and two white alternates,
The State’s strikes — used only six peremptory challenges, all six of which were against black veniremen,....

Jackson only appeals the trial court’s overruling of one of his Batson motions and its finding the state did not discriminate in using one of its strikes to strike a black venireper-son, Ms. Phillips. At trial, the state offered its first explanation:

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

State v. Jackson, 948 S.W.2d 138, 1997 Mo. App. LEXIS 882, 1997 WL 242054 (Mo. Ct. App. 1997).

948 S.W.2d 138 (State v. Jackson) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

Related

State of Missouri v. Javontea Jones
Missouri Court of Appeals, 2024
State of Missouri v. Robert A. Young
Missouri Court of Appeals, 2020
State v. Salmon
563 S.W.3d 725 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 2018)
State v. Mendez-Ulloa
525 S.W.3d 585 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 2017)
State v. Carter
523 S.W.3d 590 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 2017)
STATE OF MISSOURI v. EUGENE CULPEPPER, JR.
505 S.W.3d 819 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 2016)
State v. Starks
470 S.W.3d 410 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 2015)
State v. Costello
101 S.W.3d 311 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 2003)
State v. Garner
976 S.W.2d 57 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1998)
State v. Petty
967 S.W.2d 127 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1998)