State v. Harrison

743 So. 2d 883, 1999 WL 974668
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedOctober 27, 1999
Docket32,643-KA
StatusPublished
Cited by12 cases

This text of 743 So. 2d 883 (State v. Harrison) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Harrison, 743 So. 2d 883, 1999 WL 974668 (La. Ct. App. 1999).

Opinion

743 So.2d 883 (1999)

STATE of Louisiana, Appellee,
v.
James Tildon HARRISON, Sr., Appellant.

No. 32,643-KA.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Second Circuit.

October 27, 1999.

*884 Adkins & Tatum by T.J. Adkins, Ruston, Counsel for Appellant.

Richard Ieyoub, Attorney General, Robert W. Levy, District Attorney, A. Scott Killen, Asst. Dist. Atty., Counsel for Appellee.

Before STEWART, PEATROSS, KOSTELKA, JJ.

KOSTELKA, J.

A jury convicted James Tildon Harrison, Sr. ("Harrison"), as charged, with distribution of cocaine, La. R.S. 40:967.[1] After his *885 subsequent adjudication as a third felony habitual offender, La. R.S. 15:529.1, the trial judge sentenced him to life imprisonment without benefit of parole, probation or suspension of sentence. Harrison now appeals, urging eight assignments of error. We affirm the conviction, vacate the enhanced sentence and remand to the trial court for resentencing in accordance with this opinion.

FACTS

On September 11, 1997, Detective Harmon Winters ("Winters") of the Natchitoches City Police Department and Deputy Greg Dunn ("Dunn") of the Natchitoches Parish Sheriffs Office were working in an undercover capacity with the Lincoln Parish Third Judicial Narcotics Enforcement Team. On that date, Winters and Dunn attempted to purchase crack cocaine from Gwen Hardyway ("Hardyway"). After Hardyway informed the officers that she did not have any crack cocaine, she got into the undercover vehicle with the officers and directed them to Harrison's residence. Upon arrival at the defendant's residence, Hardyway arranged an illegal narcotics transaction between Harrison and the officers. Winters then entered Harrison's residence and asked him for $50.00 worth of crack cocaine. Harrison weighed the crack cocaine and gave it to Winters who handed Harrison $50.00. Harrison was arrested by the Narcotics Enforcement Team on October 3, 1997.

Winters later identified Harrison from a photo line-up and in court as the person who sold him the crack cocaine at issue. The certified crime lab report established that the suspected rock of crack cocaine purchased from Harrison did in fact contain cocaine. The rock of crack cocaine weighed 1.4 grams.

DISCUSSION

Harrison has first raised three claims relating to the systematic exclusion of African American jurors in violation of Batson v. Kentucky, 476 U.S. 79, 106 S.Ct. 1712, 90 L.Ed.2d 69 (1986).

The Batson holding is codified in our law as La.C.Cr.P. art. 795(C) which provides:

C. No peremptory challenge made by the state or the defendant shall be based solely upon the race of the juror. If an objection is made that the state or the defense has excluded a juror solely on the basis of race, and a prima facie case supporting that objection is made by the objecting party, the court may demand a satisfactory racially neutral reason for the exercise of the challenge, unless the court is satisfied that such reason is apparent from voir dire examination of the juror. Such demand and disclosure, if required by the court, shall be made outside of the hearing of any juror or prospective juror.

To make a Batson claim against the state, the defendant must first establish a prima facie case that the state exercised its peremptory challenges to exclude members of the jury venire solely on the basis of their cognizable race. Batson, supra; State v. Green, 94-0887 (La.05/22/95), 655 So.2d 272. The state need not give an explanation for its use of a peremptory challenge if the trial court does not find that the defense has made a prima facie case, but many trial courts do so in order to create a complete record. State v. Rose, 606 So.2d 845 (La.App. 2d Cir.1992).

Once the defendant establishes a prima facie case, the burden then shifts to the state to come forward with a race-neutral explanation. This second step of the process does not demand an explanation from the state that is persuasive, or even plausible. The reason offered by the state will be deemed race-neutral unless a discriminatory intent is inherent within that explanation. The persuasiveness of the state's explanation only becomes relevant at the *886 third and final step which is when the trial court must decide whether the defendant has proved purposeful discrimination. Thus, the ultimate burden of persuasion as to racial motivation rests with, and never shifts from, the opponent of the peremptory challenge. Purkett v. Elem, 514 U.S. 765, 115 S.Ct. 1769, 131 L.Ed.2d 834 (1995); Hernandez v. New York, 500 U.S. 352, 111 S.Ct. 1859, 114 L.Ed.2d 395 (1991).

In Harrison's first and second assignments of error, he contends that the trial court erroneously failed to recognize that he had established a prima facie case prior to the state's exercise of its seventh and eighth peremptory challenges and that the court erred when it did not require the state to provide race-neutral reasons for peremptorily striking all of the African American venirepersons previously excused. The defendant further argues that the trial court failed to make a specific finding on each challenge as required by La.C.Cr.P. art. 795.

Prima Facie Case/Race-Neutral Reasons

The subject peremptory challenges include: (1) Roy L. Jackson, an African American who testified that he knew Harrison and all of the attorneys involved in this matter; (2) Albert Murphy, an African American who testified that he had known Harrison for twenty years and was a friend of his family; that he worked on jobs with Harrison; that he and Harrison's brother do a lot of work for Harrison; and, that Harrison and his family buy carpet from him. The last job they worked on together was a year prior to his testimony. He saw the defendant on a regular basis and testified that he would feel uncomfortable seeing Harrison's family if he were to sit on the jury; (3) Michael Anderson, an African American who knew Harrison because he went to high school with one of his sons. Anderson, who was not a close personal friend of Harrison's son, did not think that he would be uncomfortable sitting on the jury; (4) Barbara Torbor, an African American who testified that she had known defendant for thirty to thirty-five years. Torbor's husband and Harrison were classmates; she socialized with Harrison at reunions and similar events; and, Harrison had been to her home three or four times for "social reunions." Torbor further testified that she had taught all of Harrison's children and knew his family. Torbor testified that a couple of her nephews were incarcerated, including one for a drug offense, and that she would rather not serve as a juror because she does not like the idea of having to judge another due to her personal beliefs; (5) Brenda Robinson, an African American who testified that Harrison was her second cousin; she knew Harrison's brother and sister; her first cousin had been arrested or convicted of misdemeanor DWI and she had previously served on a jury in a drug case which found the defendant not guilty; (6) Michael Stringfellow, Sr., an African American who testified that he had known Harrison all of his life. Harrison lived across the street from Stringfellow's aunt and he described Harrison as an acquaintance.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
743 So. 2d 883, 1999 WL 974668, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-harrison-lactapp-1999.