[Cite as State v. Edwards, 2015-Ohio-136.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SIXTH APPELLATE DISTRICT OTTAWA COUNTY
State of Ohio Court of Appeals No. OT-14-021
Appellee Trial Court No. 13-CR-179
v.
Travis Edwards DECISION AND JUDGMENT
Appellant Decided: January 16, 2015
*****
Mark Mulligan, Ottawa County Prosecuting Attorney, and Joseph H. Gerber, Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, for appellee.
Edward L. Schimmel, for appellant.
JENSEN, J. {¶ 1} Defendant-appellant, Travis Edwards, appeals the May 22, 2014 judgment
of the Ottawa County Court of Common Pleas sentencing him to two consecutive 18-
month prison terms following his convictions of attempted robbery and attempted
intimidation of a witness. For the reasons that follow, we affirm. I. Background
{¶ 2} On December 5, 2013, Edwards, along with several co-defendants, entered a
home occupied by James Eden, an acquaintance of Edwards, who was there with his
father, also named James, and several minor children. The intruders assaulted both men
in front of the children, held a knife to one of the children’s throats, demanded money,
and threatened additional injury to the victims. They smashed the victims’ cell phone to
prevent them from calling the police, and they warned them not to call the authorities or
they would die.
{¶ 3} Edwards was indicted on charges of burglary, in violation of R.C.
2911.12(B) (Count One); aggravated burglary, in violation of R.C. 2911.11(A)(1)
(Counts Two and Three); aggravated robbery, in violation of R.C. 2911.01(A)(1) (Counts
Four through Seven); and intimidation of a witness, in violation of R.C. 2921.04(B)
(Counts Eight through Eleven).
{¶ 4} On March 17, 2014, the state moved to amend counts four and eight of the
indictment to attempted robbery and attempted intimidation of a witness, respectively,
and to dismiss the remaining counts of the indictment in exchange for Edwards entering a
plea of guilty. Edwards withdrew his not guilty pleas and entered pleas of guilty to
amended counts four and eight. The case proceeded to sentencing on May 22, 2014.
After considering a presentence investigation (“PSI”) report, an oral statement by
Edwards’ counsel, and an oral and written statement from Eden, the trial court sentenced
2. Edwards to 18-months’ incarceration on each conviction, to be served consecutively, and
restitution totaling $570.61. Edwards appealed and he assigns the following error for our
review:
THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY IMPOSING A MAXIMUM
SENTENCE AND RUNNING THOSE SENTENCES ON THE TWO
CHARGES CONSECUTIVELY.
II. Standard of Review
{¶ 5} As an appellate court, we review felony sentences pursuant to R.C.
2953.08(G)(2). State v. Goings, 6th Dist. Lucas No. L-13-1103, 2014-Ohio-2322, ¶ 20.
We may only increase, modify, or vacate and remand a judgment if we clearly and
convincingly find that: (1) “the record does not support the sentencing court’s findings
under division * * * (C)(4) of section 2929.14, * * *,” or (2) “the sentence is otherwise
contrary to law.” Id., citing R.C. 2953.08(G)(2). “Notably, we do not review the trial
court’s sentence for an abuse of discretion.” R.C. 2953.08(G)(2). State v. Washington,
6th Dist. Lucas No. L-13-1201, 2014-Ohio-2565, ¶ 6.
III. Analysis
{¶ 6} Edwards argues that consecutive sentences were not warranted in this case
because “the record does not portray the nature and extent of any physical harm suffered
by the victim(s), much less that the physical harm caused was so great or unusual as to
distinguish this case from other attempted robberies (F-4) or attempted intimidation of a
3. witness (F-4) generally.” He claims that his co-defendants—not he— had engaged in the
acts of violence and that the victim made this clear at the sentencing hearing when he
described that Edwards had actually apologized as the crimes were being committed.
Edwards also argues that he “did not commit the worst form of the offense in this case,”
thus maximum sentences were not warranted.
{¶ 7} R.C. 2929.14(C)(4) provides as follows:
If multiple prison terms are imposed on an offender for convictions
of multiple offenses, the court may require the offender to serve the prison
terms consecutively if the court finds that the consecutive service is
necessary to protect the public from future crime or to punish the offender
and that consecutive sentences are not disproportionate to the seriousness of
the offender’s conduct and to the danger the offender poses to the public,
and if the court also finds any of the following:
(a) The offender committed one or more of the multiple offenses
while the offender was awaiting trial or sentencing, was under a sanction
imposed pursuant to section 2929.16, 2929.17, or 2929.18 of the Revised
Code, or was under post-release control for a prior offense.
(b) At least two of the multiple offenses were committed as part of
one or more courses of conduct, and the harm caused by two or more of the
multiple offenses so committed was so great or unusual that no single
4. prison term for any of the offenses committed as part of any of the courses
of conduct adequately reflects the seriousness of the offender’s conduct.
(c) The offender’s history of criminal conduct demonstrates that
consecutive sentences are necessary to protect the public from future crime by the
offender.
{¶ 8} At the May 22, 2014 sentencing hearing, the trial court stated:
The Court finds that consecutive sentences are necessary to protect
the public from future crime, to punish the offender, and are not
disproportionate to the seriousness of the offender’s conduct and to the
danger the offender poses to the public.
The Court also finds that the two offenses were committed as a part
of one or more courses of conduct and the harm caused by the two offenses
so committed was so great or unusual that no single prison term for any of
the offenses committed as part of any of the courses of conduct adequately
reflects the seriousness of the offender’s conduct.
These findings were also reflected in the court’s sentencing judgment entry.
{¶ 9} Edwards complains that the trial court failed to explain why it reached these
conclusions. He contends that sufficient reasons must be given to support these statutory
findings. However, the Ohio Supreme Court recently held in State v. Bonnell, 140 Ohio
St.3d 209, 2014-Ohio-3177, 16 N.E.3d 659, syllabus, that “[i]n order to impose
5. consecutive terms of imprisonment, a trial court is required to make the findings
mandated by R.C. 2929.14(C)(4) at the sentencing hearing and incorporate its findings
into its sentencing entry, but it has no obligation to state reasons to support its findings.”
(Emphasis added.)
{¶ 10} The trial court made the required findings at the sentencing hearing and
incorporated them into its sentencing judgment entry. It committed no error in imposing
consecutive sentences.
{¶ 11} Edwards next argues that the trial court failed to identify which R.C.
2929.12 factor supported its decision to impose maximum sentences. He claims that
maximum sentences were not warranted and he contends that the court failed to take into
account that: (1) he had no prior criminal record; (2) he was remorseful; (3) he did not
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[Cite as State v. Edwards, 2015-Ohio-136.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO SIXTH APPELLATE DISTRICT OTTAWA COUNTY
State of Ohio Court of Appeals No. OT-14-021
Appellee Trial Court No. 13-CR-179
v.
Travis Edwards DECISION AND JUDGMENT
Appellant Decided: January 16, 2015
*****
Mark Mulligan, Ottawa County Prosecuting Attorney, and Joseph H. Gerber, Assistant Prosecuting Attorney, for appellee.
Edward L. Schimmel, for appellant.
JENSEN, J. {¶ 1} Defendant-appellant, Travis Edwards, appeals the May 22, 2014 judgment
of the Ottawa County Court of Common Pleas sentencing him to two consecutive 18-
month prison terms following his convictions of attempted robbery and attempted
intimidation of a witness. For the reasons that follow, we affirm. I. Background
{¶ 2} On December 5, 2013, Edwards, along with several co-defendants, entered a
home occupied by James Eden, an acquaintance of Edwards, who was there with his
father, also named James, and several minor children. The intruders assaulted both men
in front of the children, held a knife to one of the children’s throats, demanded money,
and threatened additional injury to the victims. They smashed the victims’ cell phone to
prevent them from calling the police, and they warned them not to call the authorities or
they would die.
{¶ 3} Edwards was indicted on charges of burglary, in violation of R.C.
2911.12(B) (Count One); aggravated burglary, in violation of R.C. 2911.11(A)(1)
(Counts Two and Three); aggravated robbery, in violation of R.C. 2911.01(A)(1) (Counts
Four through Seven); and intimidation of a witness, in violation of R.C. 2921.04(B)
(Counts Eight through Eleven).
{¶ 4} On March 17, 2014, the state moved to amend counts four and eight of the
indictment to attempted robbery and attempted intimidation of a witness, respectively,
and to dismiss the remaining counts of the indictment in exchange for Edwards entering a
plea of guilty. Edwards withdrew his not guilty pleas and entered pleas of guilty to
amended counts four and eight. The case proceeded to sentencing on May 22, 2014.
After considering a presentence investigation (“PSI”) report, an oral statement by
Edwards’ counsel, and an oral and written statement from Eden, the trial court sentenced
2. Edwards to 18-months’ incarceration on each conviction, to be served consecutively, and
restitution totaling $570.61. Edwards appealed and he assigns the following error for our
review:
THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY IMPOSING A MAXIMUM
SENTENCE AND RUNNING THOSE SENTENCES ON THE TWO
CHARGES CONSECUTIVELY.
II. Standard of Review
{¶ 5} As an appellate court, we review felony sentences pursuant to R.C.
2953.08(G)(2). State v. Goings, 6th Dist. Lucas No. L-13-1103, 2014-Ohio-2322, ¶ 20.
We may only increase, modify, or vacate and remand a judgment if we clearly and
convincingly find that: (1) “the record does not support the sentencing court’s findings
under division * * * (C)(4) of section 2929.14, * * *,” or (2) “the sentence is otherwise
contrary to law.” Id., citing R.C. 2953.08(G)(2). “Notably, we do not review the trial
court’s sentence for an abuse of discretion.” R.C. 2953.08(G)(2). State v. Washington,
6th Dist. Lucas No. L-13-1201, 2014-Ohio-2565, ¶ 6.
III. Analysis
{¶ 6} Edwards argues that consecutive sentences were not warranted in this case
because “the record does not portray the nature and extent of any physical harm suffered
by the victim(s), much less that the physical harm caused was so great or unusual as to
distinguish this case from other attempted robberies (F-4) or attempted intimidation of a
3. witness (F-4) generally.” He claims that his co-defendants—not he— had engaged in the
acts of violence and that the victim made this clear at the sentencing hearing when he
described that Edwards had actually apologized as the crimes were being committed.
Edwards also argues that he “did not commit the worst form of the offense in this case,”
thus maximum sentences were not warranted.
{¶ 7} R.C. 2929.14(C)(4) provides as follows:
If multiple prison terms are imposed on an offender for convictions
of multiple offenses, the court may require the offender to serve the prison
terms consecutively if the court finds that the consecutive service is
necessary to protect the public from future crime or to punish the offender
and that consecutive sentences are not disproportionate to the seriousness of
the offender’s conduct and to the danger the offender poses to the public,
and if the court also finds any of the following:
(a) The offender committed one or more of the multiple offenses
while the offender was awaiting trial or sentencing, was under a sanction
imposed pursuant to section 2929.16, 2929.17, or 2929.18 of the Revised
Code, or was under post-release control for a prior offense.
(b) At least two of the multiple offenses were committed as part of
one or more courses of conduct, and the harm caused by two or more of the
multiple offenses so committed was so great or unusual that no single
4. prison term for any of the offenses committed as part of any of the courses
of conduct adequately reflects the seriousness of the offender’s conduct.
(c) The offender’s history of criminal conduct demonstrates that
consecutive sentences are necessary to protect the public from future crime by the
offender.
{¶ 8} At the May 22, 2014 sentencing hearing, the trial court stated:
The Court finds that consecutive sentences are necessary to protect
the public from future crime, to punish the offender, and are not
disproportionate to the seriousness of the offender’s conduct and to the
danger the offender poses to the public.
The Court also finds that the two offenses were committed as a part
of one or more courses of conduct and the harm caused by the two offenses
so committed was so great or unusual that no single prison term for any of
the offenses committed as part of any of the courses of conduct adequately
reflects the seriousness of the offender’s conduct.
These findings were also reflected in the court’s sentencing judgment entry.
{¶ 9} Edwards complains that the trial court failed to explain why it reached these
conclusions. He contends that sufficient reasons must be given to support these statutory
findings. However, the Ohio Supreme Court recently held in State v. Bonnell, 140 Ohio
St.3d 209, 2014-Ohio-3177, 16 N.E.3d 659, syllabus, that “[i]n order to impose
5. consecutive terms of imprisonment, a trial court is required to make the findings
mandated by R.C. 2929.14(C)(4) at the sentencing hearing and incorporate its findings
into its sentencing entry, but it has no obligation to state reasons to support its findings.”
(Emphasis added.)
{¶ 10} The trial court made the required findings at the sentencing hearing and
incorporated them into its sentencing judgment entry. It committed no error in imposing
consecutive sentences.
{¶ 11} Edwards next argues that the trial court failed to identify which R.C.
2929.12 factor supported its decision to impose maximum sentences. He claims that
maximum sentences were not warranted and he contends that the court failed to take into
account that: (1) he had no prior criminal record; (2) he was remorseful; (3) he did not
directly inflict physical harm; and (4) he attempted to protect the victims in this case.
{¶ 12} Reviewing Edwards’ sentence under R.C. 2953.08(G)(2), we observe that
under R.C. 2929.14(A)(4), a fourth degree felony is punishable by a prison term of six,
seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, or
eighteen months. The crimes of which Edwards was convicted are fourth-degree felonies
and the trial court imposed 18-month sentences, thus Edwards’ sentences were not
contrary to law.
{¶ 13} We next consider whether the trial court’s findings lack support in the
record. We recently recognized in State v. McClanahan, 6th Dist. Ottawa No. OT-14-
6. 024, 2014-Ohio-5597, ¶ 15, that while the sentencing court “shall consider” the factors
set forth in R.C. 2929.12, it “is not obligated to give a detailed explanation of how it
algebraically applied each seriousness and recidivism factor to the offender. Indeed, no
specific recitation is required. * * * Merely stating that the court considered the statutory
factors is enough.” (Internal citations and quotations omitted.)
{¶ 14} During the sentencing hearing, the trial court read directly from the PSI
report which summarized Edwards’ offenses. That report described that Edwards and his
accomplices forced their way into Eden’s home at 3:00 in the morning. They violently
assaulted the two men in the children’s presence, threatened to kill them, and held a knife
to the throat of one of the children. They demanded money, threatened to rape “and stuff
objects into the rectum of one of the victims,” and warned the victims “not to call
authorities or they would die.” They smashed their cell phones and a flat-screen
television. While the court recognized that Edwards’ participation may not have been to
the same degree as his co-defendants’, it quoted the victim in observing, “Everybody
chose to be there and nobody chose to leave.” The transcript of the sentencing hearing
and the sentencing judgment entry demonstrate that the trial court performed the required
analysis and that its findings are supported by the record.
{¶ 15} We find Edwards’ sole assignment of error not well-taken.
7. IV. Conclusion
{¶ 16} We find Edwards’ assignment of error not well-taken and affirm the May
22, 2014 judgment of the Ottawa County Court of Common Pleas. The costs of this
appeal are assessed to appellant under App.R. 24.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to App.R. 27. See also 6th Dist.Loc.App.R. 4.
Thomas J. Osowik, J. _______________________________ JUDGE Stephen A. Yarbrough, P.J. _______________________________ James D. Jensen, J. JUDGE CONCUR. _______________________________ JUDGE
This decision is subject to further editing by the Supreme Court of Ohio’s Reporter of Decisions. Parties interested in viewing the final reported version are advised to visit the Ohio Supreme Court’s web site at: http://www.sconet.state.oh.us/rod/newpdf/?source=6.
8.