State v. Darensbourg

948 So. 2d 1128, 2006 WL 3798705
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedDecember 27, 2006
Docket06-KA-572
StatusPublished
Cited by14 cases

This text of 948 So. 2d 1128 (State v. Darensbourg) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Darensbourg, 948 So. 2d 1128, 2006 WL 3798705 (La. Ct. App. 2006).

Opinion

948 So.2d 1128 (2006)

STATE of Louisiana
v.
Anthony DARENSBOURG.

No. 06-KA-572.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fifth Circuit.

December 27, 2006.

*1131 Paul D. Connick, Jr., District Attorney, Twenty-Fourth Judicial District, Parish of Jefferson, Terry M. Boudreaux, Andrea F. Long, Assistant District Attorneys, Gretna, Louisiana, for Plaintiff/Appellee.

Gwendolyn K. Brown, Attorney at Law, Louisiana Appellate Project, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, for Defendant/Appellant.

Panel composed of Judges SUSAN M. CHEHARDY, CLARENCE E. McMANUS and WALTER J. ROTHSCHILD.

CLARENCE E. McMANUS, Judge.

STATEMENT OF THE CASE

This is defendant's second appeal. In his first appeal, defendant's conviction for distribution of cocaine was affirmed. His 20-year sentence was vacated and the matter was remanded for resentencing after this Court noted an error patent; specifically, that defendant's entire sentence was imposed without the benefit of parole, probation, or suspension of sentence in violation of the statute, LSA-R.S. 40:967(B)(4)(b), which requires only the first two years of the sentence be without benefits. State v. Darensbourg, 03-1468 (La.App. 5 Cir. 3/30/04), 871 So.2d 533, 536. On remand, the trial court resentenced defendant to 20 years with the first two years being without the benefit of parole, probation, or suspension of sentence.

At the time of his first appeal, a multiple bill of information alleging defendant to be a fourth felony offender was pending. A multiple bill hearing was subsequently held on May 27, 2004, approximately two weeks after defendant was resentenced on remand. At the conclusion of the hearing, the trial court found defendant to be a third felony offender and imposed an enhanced sentence of 24 years at hard labor without the benefit of probation or suspension of sentence. Defendant was granted an out-of-time appeal and, in his second appeal, he challenges his adjudication as a third felony offender.

The facts of the underlying conviction are not relevant to this second appeal pertaining to defendant's adjudication as a multiple offender and are set forth in State v. Darensbourg, 03-1468 (La.App. 5 Cir. 3/30/04), 871 So.2d 533, 535.

ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NUMBER ONE

Defendant argues the State's pursuit of the multiple bill, alleging him to be a fourth felony offender, was vindictive prosecution resulting from his successful appeal on the underlying conviction wherein his sentence was vacated. He points out that the multiple bill hearing was not heard until nineteen months after he was sentenced on the underlying charge and after months of inactivity. Defendant asserts the State's actions create a presumption of vindictiveness and contends the matter must be remanded for the State to prove, by a preponderance of the evidence, that its actions were not retaliatory for his first appeal. The State responds that defendant is precluded from raising this issue on appeal because it is being raised for the first time on appeal.

Generally, a new issue, that has not been submitted to the trial court for a decision, cannot be raised for the first time on appeal. State v. Shank, 05-421 (La. App. 5 Cir. 2/14/06), 924 So.2d 316, 326. Defendant never raised the issue of prosecutorial vindictiveness at the trial court *1132 level. Although he filed a motion to quash the multiple bill, his objection was based on the validity of the predicate offenses and not prosecutorial vindictiveness. Thus, this issue is technically not properly before this Court. However, in State v. Aleman, 01-743 (La.App. 5 Cir. 1/15/02), 809 So.2d 1056, 1066, writ denied, 02-0481 (La.3/14/03), 839 So.2d 26, this Court addressed the merits of a claim of prosecutorial vindictiveness despite the defendant's failure to raise the issue at the trial court level. Thus, we will address the merits of this claim on appeal.

The defendant bears the burden of proving prosecutorial vindictiveness. In determining whether there has been prosecutorial vindictiveness, the court examines the State's actions in the context of the entire proceeding. If, to a reasonable mind, the filing of the habitual offender bill can only be explained by a desire to deter or punish the defendant's exercise of legal rights, the events in the case will create a presumption of vindictiveness. State v. Heard, 36,191 (La.App. 2 Cir. 7/17/02), 823 So.2d 454, 457.

Defendant claims prosecutorial vindictiveness based on the State's prosecution of him as a multiple offender after his appeal on the underlying conviction. Defendant maintains the State pursued the multiple bill to punish him after exercising his right to appeal.

Defendant filed his motion for appeal on August 27, 2003, which was after his conviction but before sentencing. He was subsequently sentenced on the underlying conviction on October 8, 2003. On the same day, the State filed a multiple bill of information alleging defendant to be a fourth felony offender. Defendant denied the allegations and the matter was set for hearing. The record shows the multiple bill hearing was set and continued, for various reasons including the trial judge's two family emergencies, on five separate dates before being heard on May 27, 2004. In the interim, defendant's appeal from the underlying conviction was lodged and the opinion was rendered. Thus, at the time of his first appeal, defendant had been charged as a multiple offender, but the multiple offender hearing was still pending.

The district attorney has the discretionary power to charge a defendant under the habitual offender law just as he has the initial unlimited power to prosecute "whom, when, and how" he chooses. State v. Dorthey, 623 So.2d 1276, 1279 (La.1993); LSA.-C.Cr.P. art. 61. The district attorney's use of the habitual offender laws "provides an ancillary sentencing factor designed to serve important and legitimate societal purposes." State v. Orange, 02-711 (La.App. 1 Cir. 4/11/03), 845 So.2d 570, 578, writs denied, 03-1352 (La.5/21/04), 874 So.2d 161, and 03-2195 (La.7/2/04), 877 So.2d 137. The use of the habitual offender law alone does not create a presumption of prosecutorial vindictiveness. Id.

There is no evidence the State's pursuit of the multiple bill against defendant was vindictive. The record shows the State timely filed the multiple bill immediately upon sentencing on the underlying conviction. The multiple bill was set for hearing several times while the appeal from the underlying conviction was pending. Nothing in the record suggests the prosecution of the multiple bill was intended to punish defendant for what defendant characterizes as his "successful" appeal. The mere fact the multiple bill hearing was not held until after the ruling on defendant's original appeal appears merely coincidental. Based on the circumstances, the delay in prosecution was not unreasonable and does not indicate prosecutorial vindictiveness.

*1133 ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR NUMBER TWO

Defendant next argues the trial court erred by adjudicating him an habitual offender because the record is not clear regarding which charges the State pursued, and those which the trial court found, to support the third felony habitual offender adjudication. Defendant argues the trial court erred because he was unaware on which predicate offenses the State proceeded. He asserts the State pursued him as a third felony offender despite the allegations in the multiple bill that he was a fourth felony offender.

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Bluebook (online)
948 So. 2d 1128, 2006 WL 3798705, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-darensbourg-lactapp-2006.