State v. Carrasco

928 P.2d 939, 122 N.M. 554
CourtNew Mexico Court of Appeals
DecidedOctober 15, 1996
Docket16470
StatusPublished
Cited by5 cases

This text of 928 P.2d 939 (State v. Carrasco) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Mexico Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Carrasco, 928 P.2d 939, 122 N.M. 554 (N.M. Ct. App. 1996).

Opinion

OPINION

DONNELLY, Judge.

1. Our prior opinion filed on August 7, 1996, is withdrawn and the following is substituted therefor. Defendant appeals from a judgment and sentence entered following a jury trial, wherein he was found guilty of conspiracy to commit robbery, accessory to aggravated assault with intent to commit a violent felony, accessory to aggravated battery, accessory to attempted robbery, and accessory to false imprisonment. Four issues are presented on appeal: (1) whether his convictions are supported by substantial evidence; (2) claim of impermissible comment by the prosecutor on Defendant’s right to remain silent; (3) claim of prosecutorial misconduct; and (4) whether the sentences violate Defendant’s right against double jeopardy. We reverse and remand for a new trial.

FACTS

2. On May 26, 1994, Defendant and two companions drove to Melrose, New Mexico, and stopped at the Allsup’s Convenience Store. Defendant remained in the car while his two companions, Stephen Padrón and Mario Moneayo, entered the store. Shortly following his entry into the store, Padrón struck the sixty-two-year-old store clerk, Juanelle Gonzales, in the forehead with his fist, knocked her down, and kicked her. Moneayo attempted to open the cash register but was unsuccessful. The attempted robbery was aborted when a truck driver drove up and entered the store. Padrón and Moncayo ran out of the store, jumped into the waiting car, and Defendant drove away.

3. Defendant and his two companions were arrested a short time later based on a description of the car and a description of Padrón and Moneayo. Padrón and Moneayo entered into plea agreements, and both testified against Defendant at his trial. Defendant testified that he knew nothing of the acts of Padrón and Moncayo, and that he was intoxicated and went to sleep and awoke in the car. He testified that after he awoke, he discovered that the car was parked outside the Allsup’s store, that his two companions had gone inside the store, that shortly thereafter they came running out and jumped inside the car, and that he drove away. Although Defendant admits driving the car away from the store, he claimed that he first learned of the attempted robbery when his two companions told him of their acts while they were driving away.

SUFFICIENCY OF THE EVIDENCE

4. Defendant argues there is insufficient evidence to convict him of conspiracy to commit robbery and as an accomplice to the charges of aggravated assault with intent to commit a violent felony, aggravated battery, attempted robbery, and false imprisonment. In a criminal proceeding, when a defendant challenges the sufficiency of the evidence to support his convictions, we review such challenge in a light most favorable to the prosecution, resolving all conflicts and indulging in all permissible inferences, to determine whether a rational fact finder could have found beyond a reasonable doubt the essential facts required to convict Defendant of each of the charged offenses. State v. Bankert, 117 N.M. 614, 617-18, 875 P.2d 370, 373-74 (1994); State v. Aguilar, 117 N.M. 501, 504, 873 P.2d 247, 250, cert. denied, 513 U.S. 865, 115 S.Ct. 182, 130 L.Ed.2d 116, and reh’g denied, 513 U.S. 1034, 115 S.Ct. 621, 130 L.Ed.2d 529 (1994). Substantial evidence is defined as that evidence which a reasonable person would consider adequate to support a defendant’s guilt. State v. Sparks, 102 N.M. 317, 320, 694 P.2d 1382, 1385 (Ct.App.1985).

5. Our review of the record indicates that the jury could reasonably determine from the evidence presented at trial that Defendant was a co-conspirator in the crime of conspiracy to commit robbery, and an aider and abettor to each of the other charged offenses. Testimony presented at trial indicated that the car driven by Defendant on the evening of the attempted robbery was borrowed by him from his stepfather. Shortly before the attempted robbery, the car was parked away from the front of the store so that it was not visible from inside the building. Defendant testified that the car was difficult to start and that at the time Padrón and Moncayo came running from the store, Defendant had the engine running. Defendant admitted driving the car away from the store immediately after his two companions exited from the store and entered the vehicle.

6. The store clerk testified that she was working the late shift alone on the evening of May 26, 1994, in the Allsup’s store in Mel-rose. She stated she had gone outside to check the gas pumps and did not see any vehicle. As she reentered the store she saw two men, later identified as Padrón and Moncayo, come around the corner of the building and go into the store. She stated Padrón hit her, and Moncayo attempted to open the cash register. She stated she did not detect any odor of alcohol on the two men.

7. A truck driver, Donnie Danford, drove up while the attempted robbery was in progress. He testified that when he got out of his truck he observed two men running from the store and moments later heard a vehicle with loud tailpipes leaving the scene. When he went into the store, he found the store clerk who had been injured.

8. Based on a description of the car and the two men who had entered the store, Deputy Sheriff Sandy Loomis stopped the car driven by Defendant and arrested Defendant and his two companions. The store clerk identified Padrón and Moncayo as the two men who had attempted to rob the store.

9. At trial Defendant testified as the sole defense witness. He denied any knowledge of the robbery or the other criminal acts committed by Padrón and Moncayo. He further testified that he became cold and started the car in order to operate the heater. According to Defendant, moments after he started the car, Padrón and Moncayo came out of the store and, thereafter, he drove away. He admitted that after they left the store Padrón told him that he had hit the store clerk and that Moncayo said he had tried to open the cash register to take the money. Defendant also stated that after he drove away from the store, Padrón showed him his bloody hands and said he needed to stop and clean them.

10. Defendant admitted that he had previously worked as a store clerk for five to six months at an Allsup’s, that he had worked the late shift, and that he was familiar with the duties of a store night clerk. Although Defendant claimed he was intoxicated and was asleep when Padrón and Moncayo entered the store, Deputy Sheriffs Roger Hatcher and Loomis testified that when they apprehended the three individuals they did not appear intoxicated. Similarly, Nancy Fitzmartin, the booking officer, stated that the three men did not exhibit any signs of intoxication when they were taken to the Curry County Adult Detention Center.

11. Both Padrón and Moncayo entered into plea bargains and testified at Defendant’s trial. Padrón admitted attempting to rob the store, but claimed he could not remember specific details of that night’s events. He did testify that Defendant drove the car away from the store. Moncayo testified that on the evening in question he had been drinking and could not recall what transpired.

12.

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Bluebook (online)
928 P.2d 939, 122 N.M. 554, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-carrasco-nmctapp-1996.