State v. Braden

968 N.E.2d 49, 197 Ohio App. 3d 534
CourtOhio Court of Appeals
DecidedDecember 27, 2011
DocketNo. 2011-A-0001
StatusPublished
Cited by8 cases

This text of 968 N.E.2d 49 (State v. Braden) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Ohio Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State v. Braden, 968 N.E.2d 49, 197 Ohio App. 3d 534 (Ohio Ct. App. 2011).

Opinion

Timothy P. Cannon, Presiding Judge.

{¶ 1} Appellant, the state of Ohio, appeals the December 30, 2010 decision and entry of the Ashtabula County Court of Common Pleas dismissing the charges pending against appellee, Aaron Braden. The trial court determined that Braden’s statutory and constitutional rights to a speedy trial were violated. Based on the following, we reverse the decision of the trial court and remand the matter for proceedings consistent with this opinion.

{¶2} On November 1, 2004, Braden was arrested in Ashtabula County pursuant to outstanding warrants issued by Ohio and Pennsylvania authorities. As a result of Braden’s actions during this arrest, additional criminal complaints were filed in Ashtabula County Court, Eastern Division (“Eastern County Court”), charging Braden with two counts of attempted aggravated murder, two counts of felonious assault, two counts of vandalism, and one count of fleeing and eluding, captioned case No. 04 CRA 709. These complaints were filed on November 3, 2004.

{¶ 3} On this date, Braden appeared in the Eastern County Court for his initial appearance on the charges. Braden signed a waiver of time for the hearing, and a preliminary hearing was scheduled for December 14, 2004.

{¶ 4} Also on November 3, 2004, an extradition to Pennsylvania was filed in the Eastern County Court. The court held an extradition hearing. That journal entry stated that Braden “appeared before the Court in the custody of the Ashtabula County Sheriff, pursuant to warrant from CRAWFORD County, PA. The nature of the proceedings was explained and the defendant was advised of his rights.” Braden waived extradition and was delivered into the custody of authorities from Crawford County, Pennsylvania.

{¶ 5} On December 14, 2004, the court issued an arrest warrant for Braden when he failed to appear for the preliminary hearing in the aforementioned case. The bench warrant indicated that “Defendant has been in Erie County Pa. prison since November 5th.”

{¶ 6} As a result of Braden’s actions during his arrest on November 1, 2004, the Ashtabula County Grand Jury returned an indictment on January 24, 2005, charging him with similar offenses as those outlined above: two counts of felonious assault on a police officer, two counts of attempted murder, failure to comply with the order of a police officer, and one count of vandalism. This case, which is the case at issue, was assigned case No. 05 CR 31.1 Appellant, in its [537]*537request for the issuance of a warrant upon indictment, noted that Braden was “currently incarcerated somewhere in Pennsylvania.”

{¶ 7} On June 16, 2006, the Department of Corrections of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania sent the Ashtabula County Clerk of Courts a detainer action letter, which was forwarded to the Ashtabula County Prosecutor’s Office.

{¶ 8} On August 21, 2006, appellant lodged a detainer against Braden.

{¶ 9} On September 2, 2010, Braden was served with the indictment at issue.

{¶ 10} On September 7, 2010, Braden was arraigned and entered a plea of not guilty to all charges contained in the indictment.

{¶ 11} On September 30, 2010, Braden filed a motion to dismiss the present ease, stating that his statutory and constitutional speedy-trial rights had been violated. The trial court granted Braden’s motion on December 30, 2010.

{¶ 12} Appellant filed a timely notice of appeal and asserts the following assignment of error:

{¶ 13} “The trial court erred in granting appellee’s motion to dismiss.”

{¶ 14} Appellant’s argument under this assigned error is two-fold. First, appellant argues that once Braden began serving his term of imprisonment in Pennsylvania, the Interstate Agreement on Detainers (“IAD”), not Ohio’s speedy-trial statute, became applicable. Further, appellant maintains that the provisions of the IAD place the burden on a prisoner to request final disposition, and since Braden faded to request final disposition, it was not required to follow the 180-day time period for which he must be brought to trial. Appellant maintains that since Braden did not invoke the IAD, the term of his incarceration in Pennsylvania was tolled for speedy-trial purposes.

{¶ 15} Second, appellant claims that once Braden was released from prison, the IAD ceased to govern his speedy-trial rights and Ohio’s speedy-trial statute became applicable. Appellant then asserts that Braden’s speedy-trial rights were not violated.

{¶ 16} We first analyze the IAD and determine whether, based on the facts of the instant case, the IAD placed such a burden on Braden.

{¶ 17} The Interstate Agreement on Detainers

{¶ 18} “The IAD is an interstate compact to which Ohio and Pennsylvania are party states. In Ohio, the General Assembly has enacted the IAD at R.C. 2963.30. The stated purpose of the IAD is ‘to encourage the expeditious and orderly disposition * * * and determination of the proper status of any and all detainers based on untried indictments, informations or complaints.’ Article I.

{¶ 19} “Under the provisions of the IAD, there are two methods by which to initiate the return of a prisoner from a sending state to a receiving state for the [538]*538purpose of disposing of detainers based on untried indictments, informations, or complaints. The prisoner may commence the process pursuant to Article III or, alternatively, a prosecutorial authority may initiate the return under the auspices of Article IV.” State v. Popalardo (Mar. 26, 1999), 11th Dist. No. 97-L-302, at 5.

{¶ 20} The IAD, under Article 111(a), provides that if a prisoner notifies the court and the prosecuting attorney of his request for final disposition, he must be brought to trial within 180 days after such notification. This time period begins to run when the prisoner’s request is actually delivered to the court and prosecuting attorney.

{¶ 21} The IAD, under Article IV, provides a mechanism whereby a prosecutor who has lodged a detainer against a prisoner in another state can secure the presence of the prisoner for disposition of outstanding charges. The prosecutor has 120 days from the date of the prisoner’s return to the state in which to commence trial.

{¶ 22} “In either case, the provisions of “the” IAD are triggered only when a detainer is filed with the institution currently holding the prisoner. * * * A ‘detainer’ is ‘a request filed by a criminal justice agency with the institution in which a prisoner is incarcerated, asking the institution either to hold the prisoner for the agency or to notify the agency when release of the prisoner is imminent.’ ” State v. Anderson, 189 Ohio App.3d 697, 2010-Ohio-5068, 939 N.E.2d 1317, at ¶ 11, quoting Carchman v. Nash (1985), 473 U.S. 716, 719, 105 S.Ct. 3401, 87 L.Ed.2d 516.

{¶ 23} This court has determined that if the IAD is properly invoked, those requirements control over the state speedy-trial statute. See State v. Gall (Feb. 28, 1992), 11th Dist. No. 91-T-4530, 1992 WL 217999. Further R.C. 2945.71 (Ohio’s speedy-trial statute) “shall not be construed to modify in any way section 2941.401 [an intrastate transfer provision] or sections 2963.30 to 2963.35 of the Revised Code [the IAD].” R.C. 2945.71(F).

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Bluebook (online)
968 N.E.2d 49, 197 Ohio App. 3d 534, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-braden-ohioctapp-2011.