State v. Aguiar

Supreme Court of Florida

State v. Aguiar

418 So. 2d 245, 1982 Fla. LEXIS 2486

CourtSupreme Court of Florida

DecidedJuly 29, 1982

DocketNo. 60316

StatusPublished

Cited by1 cases

This text of 418 So. 2d 245 (State v. Aguiar) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook

State v. Aguiar, 418 So. 2d 245, 1982 Fla. LEXIS 2486 (Fla. 1982).

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Opinion

ADKINS, Justice.

We have for review a decision of the District Court of Appeal, Third District, (State v. Luis Aguiar, 392 So.2d 944 (Fla.3d DCA 1980)), where the court held that a defendant not present at the scene of the burglary or robbery, which results in the killing of a human being, could not be charged with first-degree felony murder [246]*246even though he may have participated in the plan for the commission of the underlying felonies.

In a prosecution for murder in the first degree, if the accused was present, aiding and abetting the commission or attempt of one of the violent felonies listed in the first-degree murder statute, he is equally guilty, with the actual perpetrator of the underlying felony, of first-degree murder. Enmund v. State, 399 So.2d 1362 (Fla.1981), rev’d on other grounds, - U.S. -, 102 S.Ct. 3368, 73 L.Ed.2d 1140 (U.S. 1982). Constructive presence at the time of the homicide will support a conviction of first-degree murder. Enmund v. State; Jackson v. State, 403 So.2d 1063 (Fla. 4th DCA 1981).

A defendant who aids and abets the commission of the underlying felony, but who is not present at the murder, can be convicted under the second-degree felony murder statute. State v. Lowery, 419 So.2d 621 (Fla.1982).

A defendant who was not present during the commission of the murder may be convicted of murder in the first-degree if premeditation is shown. See e.g. Antone v. State, 382 So.2d 1205 (Fla.1980); Barfield v. State, 402 So.2d 377 (Fla.1981).

The decision of the district court of appeal affirming the order of the trial court dismissing the prosecution is approved.

ALDERMAN, C. J., and BOYD, OVER-TON, SUNDBERG and McDONALD, JJ., concur.

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ADKINS, Justice.

We have for review a decision of the District Court of Appeal, Third District, (State v. Luis Aguiar, 392 So.2d 944 (Fla.3d DCA 1980)), where the court held that a defendant not present at the scene of the burglary or robbery, which results in the killing of a human being, could not be charged with first-degree felony murder [246]*246even though he may have participated in the plan for the commission of the underlying felonies.

In a prosecution for murder in the first degree, if the accused was present, aiding and abetting the commission or attempt of one of the violent felonies listed in the first-degree murder statute, he is equally guilty, with the actual perpetrator of the underlying felony, of first-degree murder. Enmund v. State, 399 So.2d 1362 (Fla.1981), rev’d on other grounds, - U.S. -, 102 S.Ct. 3368, 73 L.Ed.2d 1140 (U.S. 1982). Constructive presence at the time of the homicide will support a conviction of first-degree murder. Enmund v. State; Jackson v. State, 403 So.2d 1063 (Fla. 4th DCA 1981).

A defendant who aids and abets the commission of the underlying felony, but who is not present at the murder, can be convicted under the second-degree felony murder statute. State v. Lowery, 419 So.2d 621 (Fla.1982).

A defendant who was not present during the commission of the murder may be convicted of murder in the first-degree if premeditation is shown. See e.g. Antone v. State, 382 So.2d 1205 (Fla.1980); Barfield v. State, 402 So.2d 377 (Fla.1981).

The decision of the district court of appeal affirming the order of the trial court dismissing the prosecution is approved.

ALDERMAN, C. J., and BOYD, OVER-TON, SUNDBERG and McDONALD, JJ., concur.

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418 So. 2d 245, 1982 Fla. LEXIS 2486, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-v-aguiar-fla-1982.

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