IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA
No. 13-0828 Filed October 1, 2014
STATE OF IOWA, Plaintiff-Appellee,
vs.
ROBERT GERALD HOOSE, Defendant-Appellant. ________________________________________________________________
Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Mills County, Timothy O’Grady,
Judge.
Defendant appeals from his convictions and sentence for sexual abuse in
the third degree and three counts of sexual abuse in the second degree.
AFFIRMED.
Mark C. Smith, State Appellate Defender, and Maria Ruhtenberg,
Assistant Appellate Defender, for appellant.
Thomas J. Miller, Attorney General, Kevin Cmelik, Assistant Attorney
General, Eric Hansen, County Attorney, and Kate Walling, Student Legal Intern,
for appellee.
Heard by Danilson, C.J., and Vogel and Bower, JJ. 2
DANILSON, C.J.
Robert Hoose appeals from his convictions and sentence for sexual abuse
in the third degree, in violation of Iowa Code sections 709.1 and 709.4(b)(2), and
three counts of sexual abuse in the second degree, in violation of Iowa Code
sections 709.1 and 709.3(2).1 He contends the district court erred in denying his
request to dismiss new charges brought against him nearly two years after his
initial arrest, in violation of the speedy indictment rule contained in Iowa Rule of
Criminal Procedure 2.33(2)(a). He also contends trial counsel was ineffective for
failing to object to expert testimony presented by the State. Hoose maintains the
court erred in two different evidentiary rulings: (1) in finding Hoose failed to
demonstrate in good faith a reasonable probability that D.H.’s medical and
mental health records contained exculpatory information and was not available
from any other source, and (2) in holding statements relating to past sexual
abuse allegations made by D.B. were not admissible because Hoose did not
establish by a preponderance of the evidence that the statements were false.
It is undisputed Hoose was formally arrested on May 12, 2010, and he
was aware of the charges he was being arrested for, so the reasonable-person
test is not applicable here. Because the second trial information alleges offenses
occurring on different dates than the original charges levied, they are not the
same, and the speedy indictment rule was not violated. Additionally, we find
Hoose failed to meet the threshold requirement of a “reasonable probability that
1 According to the sentencing order entered by the district court on May 15, 2013, the date of the offense for sexual abuse in the third degree was between October 3, 2008 and May 3, 2010. The date of each of the three offenses for sexual abuse in the second degree occurred between October 2006 and September 2008. 3
the information sought is likely to contain exculpatory information,” and there is
no error in the trial court’s refusal to conduct a second in camera review of D.H.’s
mental health and medical records. Also, because Hoose failed to show by a
preponderance of the evidence that prior allegations made by D.H. were false,
the claims are protected by the rape shield law, and the district court did not
abuse its discretion in finding they were inadmissible at trial. Finally, we preserve
Hoose’s claim of ineffective assistance for possible postconviction-relief
proceedings, and we affirm.
I. Background Facts and Proceedings.
Hoose is the father of D.H., born in October 1996. On May 4, 2010,
Hoose and his wife, Crystal, were out with friends while D.H., her sister, and her
two half-siblings were at the family home. After Hoose and Crystal got home,
Crystal went to the bathroom to shower, and Hoose went to D.H.’s room.
According to D.H., Hoose came into her room and ordered her to take her
clothes off. He placed her on her hands and knees, pulled down his shorts, and
got behind her. At that time, Crystal walked into the room and screamed at
Hoose, asking him what he was doing. D.H. ran to the basement. After some
time, Crystal and D.H. left the house to talk. D.H. told Crystal that Hoose had
been sexually abusing her for the previous five years.
The next day, D.H. reported the sexual abuse to the police. D.H. was
interviewed at Project Harmony, a child protection center, on May 11, 2010.
During the interview, D.H. provided detailed statements alleging Hoose had
sexually abused her for the previous five years. The allegations included oral,
vaginal, and anal sex. 4
On May 12, 2010, the State filed three complaints under case number
FECR0945719 charging Hoose with sex abuse in the third degree, lascivious
acts with a child, and incest. The facts listed in support of the charges were
identical on each complaint. They stated:
On 05-05-10, a juvenile female reported that she had been sexually assaulted by father Robert Hoose. The female reported that on 05- 04-10 her father came into her bedroom after Mr. Hoose and his wife Crystal had been out drinking. Mr. Hoose told the juvenile female to remove her pants. The juvenile female was made to arch her back with her butt in the air as Mr. Hoose performed anal sex on the juvenile female. Crystal Hoose came into the room and wanted to know what was happening. Juvenile female spent the night at the neighbor’s house. Juvenile female was interviewed at Project Harmony on 05-11-10. Juvenile female stated the sex abuse had been going on for five years and has included vaginal, anal, and oral sex. Juvenile female had also been forced to perform oral sex on Mr. Hoose.
The same day the complaints were filed, an arrest warrant was obtained, and
Hoose was arrested pursuant to the arrest warrant.
On May 24, 2010, the State filed a trial information with minutes of
testimony, charging the defendant with the same crimes. Four of the five
witnesses2 listed in the minutes of testimony were prepared to testify in-depth
about the allegations of abuse beginning when D.H. was eight years old.
Over two years later, on June 26, 2012, the State filed a motion to amend
the trial information and charges against Hoose. Hoose resisted the motion to
amend the trial information, alleging it violated Iowa Rule of Criminal Procedure
2.4(8).
2 The fifth witness would testify regarding the chain of evidence involving a video made of the interview of D.H. regarding her allegations of sexual abuse. 5
Apparently, the motion to amend was never pursued further as on July 9,
2012, the State filed a new trial information and arrest warrant for Hoose under
case number FECR046498. Hoose was charged with three counts of sexual
abuse in the second degree and one count of sexual abuse in the third degree.
The minutes of testimony included four of the five witnesses from the previous
minutes of testimony, as well as others.
On July 13, 2012, the State filed a motion to consolidate the two cases.
On July 26, 2012, Hoose filed a motion to dismiss the second case for violation
of Iowa Rule of Criminal Procedure 2.33(2)(a), also known as the speedy
indictment rule. The district court granted the State’s motion to consolidate and
denied Hoose’s motion to dismiss, finding the second trial information charged
different crimes relating to different occurrences of sex abuse that Hoose was not
arrested for on May 12, 2010.
On October 31, 2012, the State again amended the trial information.
Under the consolidated case number FECR045719, the amended trial
information listed the charges against Hoose as two counts of sexual abuse in
the third degree and three counts of sexual abuse in the second degree.
The State filed a final amended trial information April 1, 2013, removing
the count of sexual abuse in the third degree involving the May 4, 2010 incident.
The remaining charges involved dates between October 2004 and September
2008.
The matter proceeded to jury trial on April 2, 2013. The jury returned a
guilty verdict on each of the four charges on April 5, 2013. During the trial, the
State called Dr. Anna Salter, a psychologist who specializes in sexual abuse and 6
violence, to testify as an expert on child sexual abuse. Relying on various
published studies and journals, Salter testified about percentages and
generalities concerning children who are abused. She also testified about
specific statements made to her by victims and perpetrators during her practice.
Hoose’s attorney did not object to any of the statements. Hoose now contends
his attorney was ineffective for failing to object to this testimony.
Hoose was sentenced on May 15, 2013. The district court sentenced him
to a term of incarceration not to exceed twenty-five years for each of the sexual-
abuse-in-the-second-degree convictions and a term of incarceration not to
exceed ten years for the sexual-abuse-in-the-third-degree conviction. Each term
was set to run consecutive to each other, for a maximum term of incarceration
not to exceed eighty-five years.
Hoose appeals.
II. Standard of Review.
“We review a district court’s decision regarding a motion to dismiss for
lack of speedy indictment for correction of errors at law.” State v. Wing, 791
N.W.2d 243, 246 (Iowa 2010).
A defendant may raise an ineffective-assistance claim on direct appeal if
he has reasonable grounds to believe the record is adequate for us to address
the claim on direct appeal. State v. Straw, 709 N.W.2d 128, 133 (Iowa 2006). If
we determine the record is adequate, we may decide the claim. Id. We review
claims of ineffective assistance of counsel de novo. Id.
We review discovery rulings challenged on constitutional grounds de
novo. State v. Cashen, 789 N.W.2d 400, 405 (Iowa 2010) (“Because the issues 7
in this case rest on constitutional claims involving [the defendant’s] due process
right to present a defense, our review is de novo.”).
We review the district court’s evidentiary rulings for abuse of discretion.
State v. Neiderbach, 837 N.W.2d 180, 190 (Iowa 2013). A district court abuses
its discretion when its decision “rests on grounds or for reasons clearly untenable
or to an extent clearly unreasonable.” State v. Rodriguez, 636 N.W.2d 234, 239
(Iowa 2001).
III. Discussion.
A. Speedy Indictment.
Hoose maintains his right to speedy indictment was violated when the
State filed a new trial information under a new case number on July 9, 2012,
adding an additional count of sex abuse in the third degree and three counts of
sex abuse in the second degree.
Both the federal and state constitutions guarantee a right to a speedy trial.
See U.S. Const. amend. XI; Iowa Const art. I, § 10. “Iowa’s speedy indictment
rule ensures the enforcement of the United States and Iowa Constitutions’
speedy trial guarantees, which assure the prompt administration of justice while
allowing an accused to timely prepare and present his or her defense.” State v.
Utter, 803 N.W.2d 647, 652 (Iowa 2011). Iowa’s speedy indictment rule is
codified in Iowa Rule of Criminal Procedure 2.33(2)(a), which provides, “When an
adult is arrest for the commission of a public offense . . . and an indictment is not
found against the defendant within 45 days, the court must order the prosecution
to be dismissed, unless good cause to the contrary is shown or the defendant
waives the defendant’s right thereto.” The term indictment, as used in the rule, 8
includes a trial information. Iowa R. Crim. P. 2.5(5); see also State v.
Schuessler, 561 N.W.2d 40, 41 (Iowa 1997).
“The rules are intended to relieve an accused person of the anxiety
created by a suspended prosecution and afford reasonably prompt administration
of justice.” State v. Miller, 818 N.W.2d 267, 271 (Iowa Ct. App. 2012). The rule
also aims “to prevent the harm that arises from the possible impairment of the
accused’s defense due to diminished memories and loss of exculpatory
evidence.” Wing, 791 N.W.2d at 247.
However, the application of the rule is not without restrictions. The speedy
indictment mandate is restricted “to the offense or offenses for which the
defendant was arrested, and does not extend to a different offense not charged
in the complaint related to the arrest.” State v. Edwards, 571 N.W.2d 497, 499
(Iowa Ct. App. 1997). “There is nothing to suggest it extends to the commission
of an offense which has not resulted in an arrest.” Id. at 499–500. Additionally,
“our existing speedy-indictment precedents do not require law enforcement to
make an arrest based on every crime for which they possess probable cause.”
State v. Miller, 818 N.W.2d 267, 277 (Iowa Ct. App. 2012).
We find it necessary to first address the district court’s order denying
Hoose’s motion to dismiss related to the speedy indictment rule. The district
court relied upon Wing, 791 N.W.2d at 249, and Miller, 818 N.W.2d at 271–74.
We conclude the test announced in those cases is inapplicable to the facts at
hand. Both Wing and Miller involve defendants who were arrested but never
informed they were under arrest, as required by Iowa Code section 804.14. In
Wing, our supreme court stated: 9
When an arresting officer does not follow the protocol for arrest outlined in section 804.14 and does not provide any explicit statements indicating that he or she is or is not attempting to effect an arrest, we think the soundest approach is to determine whether a reasonable person in the defendant’s position would have believed an arrest occurred, including whether the arresting officer manifested a purpose to arrest.
791 N.W.2d at 249. In Miller, the defendant was not informed he was under
arrest, or what charge was being filed against him. 818 N.W.2d at 269–70. Our
court was required to consider how Wing applied to a situation where the law
enforcement officer “arguably had probable cause to place the defendant under
arrest for more than one offense.” Miller, 818 N.W.2d at 268. Because Miller
was not informed why he was arrested, we extended the Wing analysis by stating
the court should look at what a reasonable person would think they are being
arrested for to determine if a speedy indictment violation occurred. Id. at 272–73.
Here, the officer did inform Hoose of the arrest and even read the
complaint and affidavit to him. Accordingly, the “reasonable person in the
defendant’s position” test is not properly applied to these facts.
On appeal, Hoose contends the facts in State v. White, No. 09-1099, 2003
WL 1786543 (Iowa Ct. App. April 4, 2003), are more akin to the facts at hand. In
White, the defendant was charged by trial information with attempted murder for
firing a gun on August 17, 1998. 2003 WL 1786543 at *2. After the speedy-
indictment time period had expired, the State filed a second trial information
alleging two counts arising out of the same incident—a second count of
attempted murder and willful injury. Id. The second count of attempted murder
was premised upon a second shot fired, which had been recited in the minutes of
testimony to the first trial information. Id. Our court concluded the second trial 10
information was not based upon any new facts not existing in the minutes of
testimony of the first trial information and concluded White’s right to speedy
indictment was violated. Id. at *5. Hoose relies on White because the facts set
forth in his complaint state, in part, “Juvenile female stated the sex abuse had
been going on for five years and has included vaginal, anal and oral sex.
Juvenile female has also been forced to perform oral sex on Mr. Hoose.” Hoose
argues, similar to White, that the second trial information was not based on any
new facts as the complaint set forth facts that could have supported the later-filed
charges.
Before White, our supreme court concluded that although the speedy
indictment time period begins when the defendant is arrested, it does not extend
to different offenses that have not resulted in arrest. See State v. Dennison, 571
N.W.2d 492, 497 (Iowa 1997) (where defendant was properly arrested for driving
while revoked and open container and subsequent filing of OWI charge beyond
the forty-five-day time period did not violate the speedy indictment rule). After
White was decided, our supreme court has also clarified that “the State may still
bring charges involving other offenses, which arise from the same incident or
episode as the previously charged offense.” State v. Utter, 803 N.W.2d 647, 654
(Iowa 2011). The State may not, however, charge two offenses if they are the
same offense for purposes of the speedy indictment rule. Id. In Utter, the court
stated, “For purposes of the speedy indictment rule, two offenses are the same if
they are in substance the same, or of the same nature, or same species, so that
the evidence which proves one would prove the other.” Id. (internal quotation 11
omitted). Accordingly, because the law has evolved since White, the principles
espoused in White do not aid Hoose.
Here, it is undisputed that Hoose was formally arrested on May 12, 2010,
for sex abuse in the third degree, lascivious acts with a child, and incest. Each of
the three complaints clearly limits the charges to an event occurring “on or about
the 4th day of May, 2010.” The State formally charged Hoose in the first trial
information with each of the three crimes on May 24, 2010, well within the forty-
five-day requirement. The first trial information (FECR045719) charged the same
three offenses listed in the complaints all to have occurred “on or about May 4,
2010.” The second trial information (FECR046498) filed July 9, 2012, charged
four counts: three counts of sexual abuse in the second degree and one count of
sexual abuse in the third degree. The three counts of sexual abuse in the degree
were all alleged to have occurred between October 2004 and September 2008.
The charge of sexual abuse in the third degree was alleged to have occurred
between October 3, 2008 and May 3, 2010. Because the second trial information
alleges offenses occurring on different dates than the original charges levied,
they are not the same. The evidence to prove one offense does not prove any
other offense, particularly as it relates to sexual abuse where the age of the
victim is consequential to the degree of sexual abuse. See Iowa Code §§ 709.3,
709.4. Accordingly, we conclude there was no speedy trial violation.3
3 In the consolidated trial information filed October 31, 2012, two of the original charges were dropped—lascivious acts with a child and incest. 12
B. Ineffective Assistance.
Hoose also contends he received ineffective assistance from trial counsel.
He maintains counsel breached an essential duty by failing to object to expert
testimony as inadmissible hearsay and, as a result, he suffered prejudice.
We generally preserve ineffective-assistance-of-counsel claims for
postconviction relief proceedings. Utter, 803 N.W.2d at 651.4 “Only in rare cases
will the trial record alone be sufficient to resolve the claim on direct appeal.” State
v. Tate, 710 N.W.2d 237, 240 (Iowa 2006). We prefer to reserve such claims for
development of the record and to allow trial counsel to defend against the
charge. Id. If the record is inadequate to address the claim on direct appeal, we
must preserve the claim for a postconviction-relief proceeding, regardless of the
potential viability of the claim. State v. Johnson, 784 N.W.2d 192, 198 (Iowa
2010).
Hoose contends some of Dr. Salter’s expert testimony was inadmissible
hearsay and lacked a sufficient foundation. He contends it was similar to the
expert testimony that was challenged in State v. Neiderbach, 837 N.W.2d 180,
205-207 (Iowa 2013), as improperly admitted. Specifically, Hoose contends his
attorney was ineffective for failing to object to journal facts and data recited by
Dr. Salter because Dr. Salter did not testify that such facts and data were
typically relied upon in the field of her expertise. Further, Hoose argues that his
attorney should have objected to Dr. Salter’s testimony about statements from
4 See also Iowa Code § 814.7(3), which provides, “If an ineffective assistance of counsel claim is raised on direct appeal from the criminal proceedings, the court may decide the record is adequate to decide the claim or may choose to preserve the claim for determination under chapter 822.” 13
other victims and additionally, to what the supreme court in Neiderbach
described as “case histories with anecdotal confessions.” 837 N.W.2d at 206.
We acknowledge the similarity in the expert testimony in Hoose’s trial and
in Neiderbach. Ultimately, the court in Neiderbach concluded there was no
prejudice relative to the lack of foundation as the evidence was also admitted
through another expert. 837 N.W.2d at 205–207. The court also found any error
in admitting the case histories and anecdotal confessions was harmless. Id.
We also acknowledge the principle espoused in Neiderbach, “[R]ule 5.703
is intended to give experts appropriate latitude to conduct their work, not to
enable parties to shoehorn otherwise admissible evidence into the case.” 837
N.W.2d at 205. However, unlike Neiderbach, no objections were levied at trial,
and the issue presents itself in this action as a ground for ineffective assistance
of counsel.
The record on this appeal is inadequate to address Hoose’s claims. We
do not know the reasons counsel may have had for not objecting to the testimony
of Dr. Salter. Defense counsel may have reached an agreement prior to trial
regarding the extent of Dr. Salter’s testimony as suggested by the State.
Defense counsel may have also made a strategic decision to simply discredit
Dr. Salter’s testimony by vigorous cross-examination, and thereby discredit the
State’s entire case. Defense counsel should be allowed to respond to the charge
of ineffective assistance of counsel. State v. Brubaker, 805 N.W.2d 164, 170
(Iowa 2013). “Even a lawyer is entitled to his day in court, especially when his
professional reputation is impugned.” State v. Bentley, 757 N.W. 2d 257, 264
(Iowa 2008). Because the record here is inadequate, the issue of whether trial 14
counsel was ineffective is preserved for possible postconviction-relief
proceedings.
C. Medical and Mental Health Records.
Hoose maintains the district court erred in failing to conduct a second in
camera review of D.H.’s medical and mental health records, pursuant to Iowa
Code section 622.10.5
The confidentiality privilege in a person’s medical and mental health
records is absolute with regard to a criminal action. Iowa Code § 622.10(4)(a).
Hoose had the right to seek access to the information by filing a motion
“demonstrating in good faith a reasonable probability that the information sought
is likely to contain exculpatory information that is not available from any other
source.” Id. § 622.10(4)(a)(2)(a). If he made a “showing of a reasonable
probability that the privileged records sought may likely contain exculpatory
information that is not available from any other source, the court shall conduct an
in camera review of such records.” Id. § 622.10(4)(a)(2)(b). The term
“reasonable probability” means “a substantial, not just conceivable, likelihood.”
State v. Thompson, 836 N.W.2d 470, 484 (Iowa 2013) (citations and internal
quotation marks omitted). And the term “likely” means “probable or reasonably to
be expected.” Id. (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).
5 Hoose originally requested access to D.H.’s records in 2011. On April 28, 2011, the district court determined Hoose had shown there was a reasonable probability D.H.’s mental health records contained exculpatory evidence. Following an in camera review in June 2011, the court found there was no exculpatory evidence in the records. At a pre-trial hearing on January 13, 2013, Hoose requested access to any medical and mental health records produced after the June 2011 in camera review by the court. It is the denial of this request that Hoose appeals. 15
Here, the district court found that Hoose failed to demonstrate in good
faith a reasonable probability that information in D.H.’s medical and mental health
records contained exculpatory information that was not available from another
source. At the hearing on the motion, Hoose indicated he believed continued
access to D.H.’s medical and mental health records would allow him to impeach
D.H.’s credibility because she may have made false accusations “against several
new people.” In response, the State conceded that D.H. had made additional
allegations of sexual abuse since the arrest of Hoose. However, the State also
confirmed that one of the persons D.H. accused was serving time in prison for
the crime and a second individual was part of an ongoing investigation by police
officers. Hoose also stated he “wanted the mental health records” to see
“whether [D.H.] may have told her counselor something different than she told
the officers.” Hoose maintains these facts are similar to those in State v.
Neiderbach, 837 N.W.2d 180, 197 (Iowa 2013), where our supreme court held
that the district court erred in failing to conduct an in camera inspection of the co-
defendant’s mental health records. As is true here, in Neiderbach, a “central
issue in the case” was the credibility of the person whose records were at issue.
Id. However, we believe that is where the similarities end. In Neiderbach, the
defendant was able to provide examples of previous “concocted” stories,
inconsistent statements, and strange behavior of his co-defendant who had
reached a plea agreement with the State in exchange for her testimony. Id.
Upon our de novo review, we conclude Hoose’s claims that D.H. had
made allegations of sexual abuse against others, at least one of which resulted in
incarceration, and “may have told her counselor something different than she told 16
the officers,” does not meet the threshold requirement of a “reasonable
probability that the information sought is likely to contain exculpatory information.
(Emphasis added). In Neiderbach, the court found admissions to a mental health
counselor were not substantially equivalent to an adversarial interrogation during
a deposition, and thus there was no other source for the information. 837
N.W.2d at 197. Here, Hoose already had the information from law enforcement
officers who spoke with D.H., and Hoose simply sought to find any
inconsistencies. Further, nothing was found during the first in-camera inspection,
and we are doubtful the last two or three years of records would be fruitful to
Hoose. Moreover, we are unable to reach the same conclusion under these
facts as in Neiderbach as we would expect D.H.’s reports to law enforcement
officers to be substantially equivalent to anything she may have expressed to a
mental health counselor. Unlike a deposition, both a law enforcement officer and
mental health counselor are trying to provide aid to the individual. We find no
error in the trial court’s refusal to conduct a second in camera review of D.H.’s
mental health and medical records.
D. Previous Allegations.
Hoose contends the district court abused its discretion in determining that
other sexual abuse allegations made by D.H. were not admissible at trial. The
district court found that Hoose failed to meet the threshold requirement of
showing the statements were false, based on a preponderance of the evidence.
Iowa Rule of Evidence 5.412 is the “rape shield law” and it provides, “[I]n a
criminal case in which a person is accused of sexual abuse, reputation or opinion
evidence of the past sexual behavior of an alleged victim of such sexual abuse is 17
not admissible.” The rule’s purpose is “to protect the victim’s privacy, encourage
the reporting and prosecution of sex offenses, and prevent parties from delving
into distracting, irrelevant matters.” State v. Alberts, 722 N.W.2d 402, 409 (Iowa
2006). Prior false claims of sexual abuse are not protected by rape-shield laws.
State v. Baker, 679 N.W.2d 7, 10 (Iowa 2004) (“Because a false allegation of
sexual activity is not sexual behavior, such statements fall outside both the letter
and the spirit of the rape-shield law.”). A criminal defendant wishing to admit
such claims “must first make a threshold showing to the trial judge outside the
presence of the jury that (1) the complaining witness made the statements and
(2) the statements are false, based on a preponderance of the evidence.”
Alberts, 722 N.W.2d at 409.
Here, Hoose filed a motion to determine the admissibility of four
allegations of sexual abuse made by D.H. To meet his burden of showing the
statements were false based on a preponderance of the evidence, Hoose offered
D.H.’s deposition testimony when she was asked, “Besides what you’re alleging
that your father did to you, have you been sexually active with anyone else?”
D.H. admitted to being sexually active with her boyfriend, but denied any other
sexual activity. Hoose characterized this as a direct contradiction of D.H.’s four
allegations of sexual abuse. Hoose also relied on the fact that one of D.H.’s
allegations involved a “step-uncle” who molested her when she was “four or five
years old.” D.H.’s mother testified that she did not know who D.H. was referring
to when she said step-uncle and further clarified that although D.H. has step-
uncles, “nobody that would have been around when she was that age.” The
State countered that the mother had several men in and out of the house when 18
D.H. was around the ages four or five and it was possible she had referred to one
of the men as a step-uncle even though the man was not technically a step-
uncle. In other words, although D.H. may have misapplied the title of the person
who abused her, there was no evidence the allegation itself was false.
In ruling Hoose had not met the threshold burden, the court stated:
[S]exual activity, sort of suggests like a joint activity versus molestation. I’m not sure that everyone would understand the question or the phrase “sexual activity” to refer to being raped or molested or assaulted or those kind of things. I think that’s kind of a vague question. .... My ruling is that the defense has not established by a preponderance of the evidence that the four statements in paragraph 5 of the motion to determine the admissibility of false allegations of sexual abuse were, in fact, false. And because the defense has not established by a preponderance of the evidence that those statements are false, then examining [D.H.] about those topics during her testimony would be a violation of the rape shield rule and therefore, my ruling is that these are not admissible.
We find the district court did not abuse its discretion. It is undisputed D.H. made
prior allegations, but Hoose failed to show by a preponderance of the evidence
that the allegations were false. Thus, the claims were protected by the rape
shield law and were inadmissible at trial.
IV. Conclusion.
It is undisputed that Hoose was formally arrested on May 12, 2010, and he
was aware of the charges he was being arrested for, so the reasonable person
test is not applicable here. Because the second trial information alleges offenses
occurring on different dates than the original charges levied, they are not the
same, and the speedy indictment rule was not violated. Additionally, we find
Hoose failed to meet the threshold requirement of a “reasonable probability that 19
the information sought is likely to contain exculpatory information,” and there is
no error in the trial court’s refusal to conduct a second in camera review of D.H.’s
mental health and medical records. Also, because Hoose failed to show by a
preponderance of the evidence that prior allegations made by D.H. were false,
the claims are protected by the rape shield law, and the district court did not
abuse its discretion in finding they were inadmissible at trial. Finally, we preserve
Hoose’s claim of ineffective assistance for possible postconviction-relief