State ex rel. Parsons v. Fleming

628 N.E.2d 1377, 68 Ohio St. 3d 509
Ohio Supreme Court·Decided March 23, 1994·No. No. 93-550·Published·Cited by 620 cases

Opinion

Per Curiam.

Appellant contends that the court of appeals erred in granting appellees’ motion for summary judgment and denying her requested mandamus relief. Appellant additionally contends that the court of appeals erred in overruling her summary judgment motion.

Civ.R. 56(C) provides that before summary judgment may be granted, it must be determined that: (1) no genuine issue as to any material fact remains to be litigated; (2) the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law; and (3) it appears from the evidence that reasonable minds can come to but one conclusion, and viewing such evidence most strongly in favor of the nonmoving party, that conclusion is adverse to the party against whom the motion for summary judgment is made. Temple v. Wean United, Inc. (1977), 50 Ohio St.2d 317, 327, 4 O.O.3d 466, 472, 364 N.E.2d 267, 274. Because summary judgment is a procedural device to terminate litigation, it must be awarded with caution and doubts must be resolved in favor of the nonmoving party. Murphy v. Reynoldsburg (1992), 65 Ohio St.3d 356, 358-359, 604 N.E.2d 138, 140. If a contract is clear and unambiguous, then its interpretation is a matter of law and there is no issue of fact to be determined. Davis v. Loopco Industries, Inc. (1993), 66 Ohio St.3d 64, 66, 609 N.E.2d 144, 145.

R.C. 124.14(D) provides that “[u]pon the request of any classified employee who is not serving in a probationary period, the director shall perform a job audit to review the classification of the employee’s position to determine whether the position is properly classified.” As mentioned above, Article 19 of the collective bargaining agreement between the state and the union provides a grievance procedure, including arbitration, “[i]f an employee or the Union believes that he/she has been assigned duties not within his/her current classification.” Sec[512]*512tion 19.02. The collective bargaining agreement provides that “[i]f the Director or designee determines that the employee is performing duties not contained within the employee’s classification,” the employee is entitled to the remedies of: (1) immediate discontinuance of duties not associated with the employee’s current classification, as well as (2) a limited monetary award for the duties already performed if the duties are associated with a higher paying classification. Id.

The court of appeals denied appellant’s request for mandamus relief on summary judgment, stating:

“Section 19.02 addresses situations where an employee whose position is within a proper classification is assigned duties outside of that classification. Section 19.02 of the collective bargaining agreement does not provide a remedy to someone who is newly hired for a position which is incorrectly classified. In that case, an employee would be performing duties regularly assigned for the position, but the classification into which the position had been placed does not include the regular duties of the position. Section 19.02 of the collective bargaining agreement does not address, nor provide, a remedy for an employee who believes his position has been misclassified. Rather, the collective bargaining agreement provides an avenue of relief only when an employee claims the job duties assigned are outside of the regular duties of the position and classification.
“ * * * In the situation where an employee is hired, not transferred, for a newly created position which has an incorrect classification attached to the correct job duties, the employee would have a right to a job audit since the collective bargaining agreement does not provide a remedy for such a misclassification. However, that is not the situation in this case.”

The court of appeals agreed with appellant’s assertion that the collective bargaining agreement does not supersede the employee’s right to an R.C. 124.14(D) job audit where the employee is newly hired and is misclassified. However, the court held that appellees were entitled to summary judgment because: (1) appellant was hired to perform the job duties of an EEO Officer and therefore her position was not misclassified; and, alternatively, (2) if her present position was misclassified, any correction could not be for her benefit because she was promoted and then transferred between agencies (Ohio Adm.Code 123:1-25-01 prevents any transfer to a higher position).

All parties take exception to the court of appeals’ rationale, although appellees ■contend that the court reached the correct result.

Appellant contends that she was originally appointed to her misclassified position and, consequently, the collective bargaining agreement could not prevail over her statutory right to a job audit. R.C. 4117.08 provides:

[513]*513“(A) All matters pertaining to wages, hours, or terms and other conditions of employment and the continuation, modification, or deletion of an existing provision of a collective bargaining agreement are subject to collective bargaining between the public employer and the exclusive representative, except as otherwise specified in this section.
“(B) The conduct and grading of civil service examinations, the rating of candidates, the establishment of eligible lists from the examinations, and the original appointments from the eligible lists are not appropriate subjects for collective bargaining.” (Emphasis added.)

R.C. 4117.08(B) prohibits collective bargaining over all matters concerning prehire examinations and the establishment of pre-hire eligibility lists. DeVennish v. Columbus (1991), 57 Ohio St.3d 163, 566 N.E.2d 668, paragraph one of the syllabus. In other words, R.C. 4117.08(B) prohibits the parties to a collective bargaining agreement from bargaining over matters concerning the original, and not the promotional, appointment process. Id. at 165, 566 N.E.2d at 670; see, also, Biddle v. Dayton (1988), 48 Ohio App.3d 116, 548 N.E.2d 329. The range of forbidden bargaining topics in R.C. 4117.08(B) is much narrower than that of permitted ones, and the common thread to each of the categories listed in R.C. 4117.08(B) is the civil service connection for the selection of workers. O’Reilly, Ohio Public Employee Collective Bargaining (2 Ed.1992) 202, Section 117.08.

Conversely, in the case at bar, the uncontradicted summary judgment evidence indicated that appellant was not originally appointed from an eligibility list; indeed, there was no eligibility list. Therefore, appellant’s “appointment” was not forbidden from collective bargaining by R.C. 4117.08(B).

Appellant further contends that the court of appeals erred in holding that Article 19 of the collective bargaining agreement controlled her grievance concerning misclassification. On the other hand, the appellees and the union assert that Article 19 prevailed over R.C. 124.14(D). Except for laws specifically exempted, the provisions of a collective bargaining agreement entered into pursuant to R.C. Chapter 4117 prevail over conflicting laws. Cincinnati v. Ohio Council 8, Am. Fedn. of State, Cty. & Mun.

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State ex rel. Parsons v. Fleming, 628 N.E.2d 1377, 68 Ohio St. 3d 509 (Ohio 1994).

628 N.E.2d 1377 (State ex rel. Parsons v. Fleming) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

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