State ex rel. Oldham v. Ohio Police & Fire Retirement Fund

2025 Ohio 5232
CourtOhio Court of Appeals
DecidedNovember 20, 2025
Docket23AP-688
StatusPublished

This text of 2025 Ohio 5232 (State ex rel. Oldham v. Ohio Police & Fire Retirement Fund) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Ohio Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State ex rel. Oldham v. Ohio Police & Fire Retirement Fund, 2025 Ohio 5232 (Ohio Ct. App. 2025).

Opinion

[Cite as State ex rel. Oldham v. Ohio Police & Fire Retirement Fund, 2025-Ohio-5232.]

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO

TENTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

State ex rel. Peter Drake Oldham, Jr., :

Relator, :

v. : No. 23AP-688

Ohio Police & Fire Retirement Fund, : (REGULAR CALENDAR)

Respondent. :

D E C I S I O N

Rendered on November 20, 2025

On brief: Eric Fink, for relator.

On brief: Dave Yost, Attorney General, Henrique A. Geigel, and Lisa A. Reid, for respondent.

IN MANDAMUS ON OBJECTION TO THE MAGISTRATE’S DECISION

BEATTY BLUNT, J.

{¶ 1} Relator, Peter Drake Oldham, Jr., seeks a writ of mandamus ordering respondent, Ohio Police & Fire Pension Fund (sometimes “OPFPF”), to comply with the laws of the State of Ohio; to calculate relator’s annual average retirement income from the OPFPF fund (“the fund”) using a three-year highest average contribution instead of a five- year highest average contribution pursuant to R.C. 742; and to reimburse relator for his lost income as a result of the breach of contract. {¶ 2} This court referred this matter to a magistrate pursuant to Civ.R. 53 and Loc.R. 13(M) of the Tenth District Court of Appeals. The magistrate considered the action on its merits and issued a decision that includes findings of fact and conclusions of law, which is appended hereto. The magistrate determined that relator is not entitled to receive the preferred three-year statutory calculation set forth in R.C. 742 because he failed to No. 23AP-688 2

transfer his OPERS service credit to respondent before the July 2, 2013, deadline, as required by R.C. 742.37(C)(1) and, thus, lacked the necessary 15 years of service credit required to utilize the preferred three-year calculation. Thus, the magistrate has recommended that this court deny relator’s request for a writ of mandamus. {¶ 3} Relator has filed an objection to the magistrate’s decision, stating “that the Magistrate did not properly apply the clear language of R.C. 742.21, added requirements not found in [the] Revised Code, and in so doing violated the separation of powers between the judicial and legislative branches of government[.]” (Relator’s Obj. at 2.) Because relator has filed an objection, we must independently review the record and the magistrate’s decision to ascertain whether “the magistrate has properly determined the factual issues and appropriately applied the law.” Civ.R. 53(D)(4)(d). Relator has not objected to the factual findings of the magistrate and upon our review we find no error pertaining to same. We thus turn to whether the magistrate has appropriately applied the law in this matter. {¶ 4} The Supreme Court of Ohio has set forth three requirements which must be met in establishing a right to a writ of mandamus: (1) that relator has a clear legal right to the relief prayed for; (2) that respondent is under a clear legal duty to perform the act requested; and (3) that relator has no plain and adequate remedy in the ordinary course of law. State ex rel. Berger v. McMonagle, 6 Ohio St.3d 28, 29 (1983). The burden is on relator to establish all three elements by clear and convincing evidence. State ex rel. Mars Urban Solutions, L.L.C. v. Cuyahoga Cty. Fiscal Officer, 2018-Ohio-4668, ¶ 6. {¶ 5} To be entitled to a writ of mandamus, the relator must establish that the retirement board abused its discretion by denying his request for retirement benefits. State ex rel. Domhoff v. Ohio Pub. Emp. Retirement Sys. Bd., 2014-Ohio-3688, ¶ 14; State ex rel. Hudson v. Ohio Pub. Emp. Retirement Sys., 2011-Ohio-5362, ¶ 65 (10th Dist.). An abuse of discretion connotes a board decision that is unreasonable, arbitrary, or unconscionable. State ex rel. Shisler v. Ohio Pub. Emp. Retirement Sys., 2009-Ohio-2522, ¶ 11. It is well-settled that respondent has not abused its discretion if there is “some evidence” to support its determination. State ex rel. Schaengold v. Ohio Pub. Emps. Retirement Sys., 2007-Ohio-3760, ¶ 19; Hudson at ¶ 65. Thus, as long as some evidence supports the decision of the retirement board, this court will not disturb it. See State ex No. 23AP-688 3

rel. Marchiano v. School Emps. Retirement Sys., 2009-Ohio-307, ¶ 20-21, citing State ex rel. Grein v. Ohio State Hwy. Patrol Retirement Sys., 2007-Ohio-6667, ¶ 9. Furthermore, “the presence of contrary evidence is immaterial, so long as the ‘some evidence’ standard has been met.” State ex rel. Am. Std., Inc. v. Boehler, 2003-Ohio- 2457, ¶ 29. “Only if the board’s decision is not supported by any evidence will mandamus lie.” (Emphasis sic.) State ex rel. Woodman v. Ohio Pub. Emps. Retirement Sys., 2015- Ohio-3807, ¶ 17. {¶ 6} This case involves the construction and application of R.C. 742.21 (service credit for membership in state or municipal retirement system); R.C. 742.37(C)(1) (rules for disbursement of benefits and pensions); and Adm.Code 742-5-07(I) (service credit purchases and transfers). We begin by observing that courts lack authority to ignore the plain and unambiguous language of a statute under the guise of statutory interpretation or liberal or narrow constructions. State ex rel. Massie v. Gahanna-Jefferson Pub. Schools Bd. of Edn., 76 Ohio St.3d 584, 588 (1996). Rather, a court’s duty is to give effect to the words used in a statute, not to delete or insert words. State v. Maxwell, 95 Ohio St.3d 254, 2002-Ohio-2121, ¶ 10. If the words in a statute are “ ‘free from ambiguity and doubt, and express plainly, clearly and distinctly, the sense of the law-making body, there is no occasion to resort to other means of interpretation.’ ” State v. Hairston, 2004-Ohio-969, ¶ 12, quoting Slingluff v. Weaver, 66 Ohio St. 621 (1902), paragraph two of the syllabus. In short, “[a]n unambiguous statute is to be applied, not interpreted.” Sears v. Weimer, 143 Ohio St. 312 (1944), paragraph five of the syllabus. {¶ 7} Courts “apply the rules of statutory construction to administrative rules as well.” McFee v. Nursing Care Mgt. of Am., Inc., 2010-Ohio-2744, ¶ 27, citing State ex rel. Brilliant Elec. Sign Co. v. Indus. Comm., 57 Ohio St.2d 51, 54 (1979) (finding the “ordinary meaning rule” of statutory construction applies equally to administrative rules). Thus, “ ‘[t]he interpretation of statutes and administrative rules should follow the principle that neither is to be construed in any way other than as the words demand.’ We must read undefined words and phrases in context and construe them in accordance with rules of grammar and common usage.” State ex rel. Turner v. Eberlin, 2008-Ohio-1117, ¶ 14 (2008), quoting Morning View Care Ctr.-Fulton v. Dept. of Human Servs., 2002-Ohio- 2878, ¶ 36 (10th Dist.). No. 23AP-688 4

{¶ 8} A review of the relevant statutes and code sections shows that under R.C. 742.21(D)(1), relator is not entitled to service credit for his time working at a job covered by OPERS unless and until the service credit is transferred to the OPFPF. Both R.C. 742.21(D)(1) and Adm.Code 742-5-07(I) are clear and unambiguous in this regard and require that the actual monies be transferred. In fact, even the interest on the contributions made to OPERS must be transferred to affect a transfer of service credit. See R.C. 742.21(D)(1)(c). {¶ 9} Furthermore, as clearly set forth in R.C. 742.37(C)(1), in order to be considered in determining relator’s average annual salary, the service credit earned under OPERS was required to have been transferred prior to January 2, 2013. Importantly, Adm.Code 742-5-07(I) further makes it clear that the onus is on the member covered by the OPFPF to initiate the transfer of service credit. There is nothing ambiguous about the requirements set forth in the foregoing statutes and administrative code and they must therefore be applied as written to the facts before us.

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Related

McFee v. Nursing Care Management of America, Inc.
2010 Ohio 2744 (Ohio Supreme Court, 2010)
Sears v. Weimer
55 N.E.2d 413 (Ohio Supreme Court, 1944)
State ex rel. Pressley v. Industrial Commission
228 N.E.2d 631 (Ohio Supreme Court, 1967)
Blakemore v. Blakemore
450 N.E.2d 1140 (Ohio Supreme Court, 1983)
State ex rel. Berger v. McMonagle
451 N.E.2d 225 (Ohio Supreme Court, 1983)
State v. Maxwell
2002 Ohio 2121 (Ohio Supreme Court, 2002)

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Bluebook (online)
2025 Ohio 5232, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-ex-rel-oldham-v-ohio-police-fire-retirement-fund-ohioctapp-2025.