State ex rel. County of St. Charles v. Latham

868 S.W.2d 177, 1994 Mo. App. LEXIS 57, 1994 WL 4268
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedJanuary 11, 1994
DocketNo. 62759
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 868 S.W.2d 177 (State ex rel. County of St. Charles v. Latham) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State ex rel. County of St. Charles v. Latham, 868 S.W.2d 177, 1994 Mo. App. LEXIS 57, 1994 WL 4268 (Mo. Ct. App. 1994).

Opinion

CARL R. GAERTNER, Judge.

Plaintiff, St. Charles County, condemned a 3,480-square-foot strip of land owned by defendants, Melvin, Bernice, Raymond and Betty Latham, in St. Peters, Missouri. The jury returned a verdict, awarding defendants [179]*179$28,000 in damages. Defendants appeal from the ensuing judgment.

There is little disagreement between the parties regarding the value of the property taken by condemnation. Defendants’ expert appraised the value of this property at $24,900, while plaintiffs expert testified to a value of $28,000. The jury awarded the larger amount. The disputed issue is the effect of the partial taking upon the value of the remaining property. When only a portion of a landowner’s property is condemned, the landowner is entitled to “the market value of the land actually taken, and the consequential damages, if any, to the remainder of the land caused by the taking.” State ex rel. Hwy. & Transp. Com’n v. Horine, 776 S.W.2d 6, 10 (Mo. banc 1989). The appropriate measure of these damages is the difference between the fair market value of the entire property before the taking and the fair market value after the taking. Id. at 12.

In 1983, defendants purchased a half-acre, triangular parcel of land, which is bounded by another tract of land to the north, Harvester Court to the west, and Harvester Road to the east. Later in 1983, defendants built a 4,370-square-foot Kelly Auto Tire and Repair facility on the land. The building' touches the north boundary and extends out to the center of the triangular parcel. Prior to the taking, the building was surrounded to the west, south and east by pavement, which in turn was surrounded by strips of grass. To the west of the building, the property had a driveway and five paved parking spaces. To the south, it had five paved parking spaces and beyond them a grassy triangle where Harvester Court and Harvester Road intersect. To the east, the property had a driveway from Harvester Road and a strip of pavement running the length of the building that extended 27 feet from the budding to the grassy strip of land abutting Harvester Road. This side of the budding also contained six repair bays where customers’ vehicles were serviced.

On June 28, 1991, plaintiff filed a condemnation petition against land parcels adjacent to Harvester Road in order to widen the road by two lanes. The condemned property included a portion of defendants’ land, which was divided into three parts: (1) 3,480 square feet of land, which included a strip along the eastern side of the budding in front of the repair bays and the grassy triangular strip to the south of the budding, in order to establish a permanent new right of way; (2) 1,522 square feet adjacent to the new right-of-way line to establish a permanent utility easement; and (3) 2,569 square feet adjacent to the utility easement to establish a temporary construction easement

The three-day trial commenced on July 13, 1992. During plaintiffs voir dire of the veni-re panel, plaintiffs counsel questioned a venireman about his experience in a previous condemnation ease. The venireman responded that it took three years for the case to come to trial and that “it was quite an issue trying to figure prices three years ago against the present.” Plaintiffs counsel then replied: “Three years ago in that case — you must have had the date of taking when the property was acquired, and some monies changed hands at that point. The date of taking in this case ... was July 10th, 1991.”

Defendants immediately objected and moved for a mistrial, charging that informing the jury panel that money had already been exchanged between the parties as a result of the condemnation was prejudicial. The trial court denied defendants’ motion but required plaintiffs counsel to cure the prejudicial remark by telling the venire panel that defendants did not receive any money on the date of condemnation and that the jury would determine the amount of compensation plaintiff should pay defendants for the taking.

Later during voir dire, plaintiffs counsel told the venire panel the case would involve a discussion of dedication. She then questioned the panel about their knowledge of and prejudices regarding dedications. This exchange prompted defendants to make an oral motion in limine to restrict plaintiff from “attempting to claim some form of dedication, because there is no such issue in this lawsuit.”

Plaintiff countered that in 1983 it requested that defendant dedicate a 10-foot-wide strip of land adjacent to Harvester Road. Plaintiff further informed the court it intend[180]*180ed to introduce a site plan for the construction of the repair facility, which defendants’ engineers drew in 1983 and submitted to St. Charles County Planning Engineer Joe Nichols to obtain approval for construction of defendants’ repair facility. The site plan depicted the proposed dedication area and contained a stamp signed by Nichols stating that approval of the plan was subject to a dedication of the 10-foot strip. Plaintiff argued that although the dedication never occurred, this evidence would be used not to escape liability or payment for condemning the 10-foot strip but to rebut defendants’ claim that the taking rendered their property functionally obsolete. The trial court denied defendants’ motion, ruling that both parties were free to develop arguments as to whether defendants knew of the dedication request and developed their property in reliance on their knowledge because it was a factual issue for the jury to decide.

In their presentation of evidence, defendants attempted to establish that the taking rendered the remainder functionally obsolete because they lost parking spaces and the ability to expand parking in the future plus access to the repair bays was extremely restricted and potentially impossible.

Defendants’ engineering expert, David Wehmeyer, testified that the paved area in front of the repair bays needed to be 28 feet wide to provide optimum access to the bays. This paved area was 27 feet wide before the taking and 35 to 39 feet wide after the taking. This increase resulted from the fact that the county paved over a ten-foot area impressed with a utility easement between the enlarged highway and the pavement in front of the bays. However, Weh-meyer testified that the new configuration of the pavement included curbing and a water-catch basin which necessitated some maneuvering in order to access the first two repair bays. He further testified that if above-ground utilities were constructed on the permanent utility easement the paved area would be reduced to 24 to 28 feet wide, making access to all the bays more difficult.1

Defendants’ real estate appraiser, Ralph Prinster, testified that the loss of parking and the ability to expand parking, the restriction on access to the first two bays, and the potential loss of use of the utility easement area caused incurable functional obsolescence in the remaining property. Specifically, Prinster concluded that these effects of the taking made the building too big for the remainder and thus prohibited the property from sufficiently performing its best use — as an automotive service center.

Prinster then testified the property had a fair market value of $314,300 before the taking and $163,900 after the taking, resulting in $150,400 in damages. He attributed $24,900 of the damages to the land actually taken and $125,500 for severance damages.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
868 S.W.2d 177, 1994 Mo. App. LEXIS 57, 1994 WL 4268, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-ex-rel-county-of-st-charles-v-latham-moctapp-1994.