State ex rel. Bailey v. Shepard

584 F.2d 858
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
DecidedOctober 6, 1978
DocketNo. 78-1392
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 584 F.2d 858 (State ex rel. Bailey v. Shepard) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
State ex rel. Bailey v. Shepard, 584 F.2d 858 (8th Cir. 1978).

Opinion

PER CURIAM.

Clark A. Bailey appeals from the district court1 order denying his petition for a writ of habeas corpus filed pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2254. We affirm.

[860]*860The case arises from the December 18, 1976 sexual assault, kidnapping and ultimate murder of thirteen-year old Lo Ann Erickson, a resident of Minneapolis, Minnesota, whose body was discovered in a wooded area near Fertile, Iowa on December 23,

1976.

On April 14,1977 petitioner pled guilty in Minnesota state court to charges of criminal sexual conduct in the first degree, Minn. Stat.Ann. § 609.342, and kidnapping, Minn. Stat.Ann. § 609.25. On May 18, 1977 he was sentenced to 0 to 20 years on the former charge and 0 to 40 years on the latter charge, the sentences to run consecutively.

On May 6, 1977, an information was filed in Worth County, Iowa, charging petitioner with murder in violation of Iowa Code Ann. § 690.1 and § 690.2.

On July 6, 1977 the Governor of Iowa demanded petitioner’s extradition on the murder charge under the provisions of the Uniform Criminal Extradition Act, Minn. Stat.Ann. §§ 629.01 — .404. On July 11, 1977, pursuant to a Minnesota state district court stay of execution of sentence, the Hennepin County Probate Court found that petitioner was a psychopathic personality, Minn.Stat.Ann. § 526.09, and ordered him committed to the Minnesota Security Hospital. The court specifically found, however, that petitioner was not mentally ill within the meaning of Minn.Stat.Ann. §§ 253A.01 —.21, the Minnesota Hospitalization and Commitment Act.

On July 13, 1977 a rendition warrant was issued for petitioner’s extradition to Iowa. On July 25, 1977 ah extradition hearing was held, but was continued until August 1, 1977, at which time the extradition was opposed. A petition for a writ of habeas corpus was filed in Minnesota state court on August 8, 1977. After a hearing, the petition was denied and the decision was affirmed by the Minnesota Supreme Court on December 30, 1977. State v. Bailey, Minn., 262 N.W.2d 406 (1977).

On January 24, 1978 the instant petition for a writ of habeas corpus was filed in the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota. The case was referred to a United States Magistrate, who recommended that the petition be denied without further proceedings. The district court adopted the magistrate’s report and recommendation by order filed April 6, 1978. Petitioner filed a timely notice of appeal.

Petitioner challenges his extradition on the following grounds: (1) his transfer to Iowa for trial would violate constitutional protections against double jeopardy; and (2) his proposed extradition is unlawful because the exclusive way for Iowa to obtain custody over him is pursuant to the Interstate Agreement on Detainers (“the Agreement”) 2 and not pursuant to the Uniform Criminal Extradition Act.

When a person seeks to challenge his proposed extradition in a habeas corpus action brought in a federal court in the asylum state, the issues open for review are extremely limited. The general rule is derived from Drew v. Thaw, 235 U.S. 432, 35 S.Ct. 137, 59 L.Ed. 302 (1914), in which Mr. Justice Holmes wrote:

When, as here, the identity of the person, the fact that he is a fugitive from justice, the demand in due form, the indictment by a grand jury for what it and the governor [of the demanding state] allege to be a crime in that state, and the reasonable possibility that it may be such, all appear, the constitutionally required surrender is not to be interfered with by the summary process of habeas corpus upon speculations as to what ought to be the result of a trial in the place where the Constitution provides for its taking place.

Id. at 440, 35 S.Ct. at 139.

Accordingly, our inquiry is limited to the following questions: (1) was the crime committed in the demanding state?; (2) is the person in custody the person charged with the crime?; (3) was the fugitive in the demanding state at the time the alleged

[861]*861crime was committed?; and (4) are the extradition papers in proper form? Compare Price v. Pitchess, 556 F.2d 926, 928 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 434 U.S. 965, 98 S.Ct. 504, 54 L.Ed.2d 451 (1977), and United States ex rel. Tyler v. Henderson, 453 F.2d 790, 793 (5th Cir. 1971), with Sanders v. Conine, 506 F.2d 530, 532 (10th Cir. 1974).

Under these test, it is clear that petitioner’s double jeopardy claim cannot be litigated in a habeas corpus proceeding in a federal court in the asylum state. It is well established that federal constitutional challenges to prospective state criminal incarceration must first be litigated in the courts of the demanding state. See, e. g., Sweeney v. Woodall, 344 U.S. 86, 90, 73 S.Ct. 139, 97 L.Ed. 114 (1952); Price v. Pitchess, supra, 556 F.2d at 928; United States ex rel. Tyler v. Henderson, supra, 453 F.2d at 793; Woods v. Cromvich, 396 F.2d 142, 143 (5th Cir. 1968); United States ex rel. Tucker v. Donovan, 321 F.2d 114, 116 (2d Cir. 1963), cert, denied sub nom., Tucker v. Kross, 375 U.S. 977, 84 S.Ct. 496, 11 L.Ed.2d 421 (1964); Sutherland v. Love, 359 F.Supp. 983, 985 (E.D.Ark.1973).

Petitioner’s claim involving the Agreement presents a closer question. If, as petitioner alleges, he is being threatened with extradition under a statute which does not apply to him, then it is arguable that the extradition papers may not be in proper form and that the claim is properly raised in this proceeding.

But assuming petitioner’s claim is cognizable in this proceeding, we find the claim to be without merit. We begin by noting that his claim is essentially one involving an interpretation of state statutes. In a federal habeas corpus proceeding, a federal court is bound by state court interpretations of state criminal statutes unless a federal claim is involved. See, e. g, Olson v. Tahash, 344 F.2d 139, 141 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 382 U.S. 858, 86 S.Ct. 113, 15 L.Ed.2d 96 (1965). Accordingly, absent a claim arising under federal law, the decision of the Minnesota Supreme Court in petitioner’s state habeas corpus action would be binding on us.

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State v. Shepard
584 F.2d 858 (Eighth Circuit, 1978)

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Bluebook (online)
584 F.2d 858, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/state-ex-rel-bailey-v-shepard-ca8-1978.