Stacey M Logan v. Department of Homeland Security

2025 MSPB 4
CourtMerit Systems Protection Board
DecidedMarch 14, 2025
DocketCH-0842-21-0460-I-2
StatusPublished

This text of 2025 MSPB 4 (Stacey M Logan v. Department of Homeland Security) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Merit Systems Protection Board primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Stacey M Logan v. Department of Homeland Security, 2025 MSPB 4 (Miss. 2025).

Opinion

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD 2025 MSPB 4 Docket No. CH-0842-21-0460-I-2

Stacey M. Logan, Appellant, v. Department of Homeland Security, Agency. March 14, 2025

Jeff Schrameck , Esquire, Canton, Michigan, for the appellant.

Mary Musilek , Esquire, and Sarah Nelson , Bloomington, Minnesota, for the agency.

Reva Ghadge , Esquire, Minneapolis, Minnesota, for the agency.

BEFORE

Henry J. Kerner, Vice Chairman Cathy A. Harris, Member

OPINION AND ORDER

¶1 The agency has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which reversed the agency’s final decision and found that the appellant is eligible for enhanced Customs and Border Protection Officer (CBPO) retirement benefits. For the reasons set forth below, we DENY the petition for review and AFFIRM the initial decision as MODIFIED by this Opinion and Order, clarifying that the plain language of the statute and the regulations regarding entitlement to enhanced CBPO retirement benefits does not require an employee to perform the identified duties for a specified percentage of time. 2

BACKGROUND ¶2 From January 12, 2003, until July 25, 2004, the appellant worked as a GS-1816 U.S. Immigration Inspector for the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, the predecessor agency of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). Logan v. Department of Homeland Security, MSPB Docket No. CH-0842-21-0460-I-1, Initial Appeal File (IAF), Tab 1 at 5, Tab 5 at 7-8. On July 25, 2004, the appellant transferred to CBP as a GS-1895 CBPO, a position she remained in until April 1, 2007. Id. At the time, both positions were covered under the standard Federal Employees’ Retirement System (FERS) and not entitled to enhanced retirement benefits. IAF, Tab 5 at 7-8. On April 1, 2007, the appellant began working in a GS-1895-11 CBPO-Enforcement (CBPO -E) position, which was eligible for primary law enforcement officer (LEO) special retirement coverage (SRC). Id. at 7, 54. In December 2007, while the appellant was working as a CBPO-E eligible for LEO SRC, Congress passed the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2008 (CAA), Pub. L. No. 110-161, div. E, title V, § 535(b)(1)(C), (b)(2), 121 Stat. 1844, 2075-76 (2007) (codified at 5 U.S.C. § 8401(36)), which made certain customs and border protection officer positions eligible for special retirement benefits (CBPO SRC) that were previously only available to LEOs at the agency in a system similar to but distinct from LEO SRC. ¶3 On May 23, 2010, the appellant accepted a competitive promotion from the CBPO-E position to a GS-1895-12 CBPO-Intelligence (CBPO-I) position with the agency’s Office of Field Operations, which she still occupies. IAF, Tab 5 at 7, 39. CBPO-I positions are eligible for CBPO SRC, and when the appellant accepted the position, the agency indicated that she would “be switched to the CBP Officer enhanced coverage.” See id. at 7, 41, 51. In 2011, the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) amended its regulations to reflect the changes in retirement benefits available to certain CBPOs and to specifically distinguish between “primary” coverage positions and “secondary” coverage positions. See 3

Customs and Border Protection Officer Retirement, 76 Fed. Reg. 41993 (July 18, 2011). In 2016, it appears that the agency determined that the appellant’s position is covered under the CAA as a “secondary” covered position. IAF, Tab 5 at 45. ¶4 By letter dated August 27, 2021, the agency’s human resources office informed the appellant that it had incorrectly indicated that she was covered under CBPO SRC when she entered her position in May 2010. Id. at 29. The agency explained that, although the appellant’s current position is approved for SRC, the appellant was not eligible to receive CBPO SRC because she moved directly from a LEO retirement covered position to her current CBPO SRC secondary position, instead of directly from a CBPO SRC primary position to a CBPO SRC secondary position, per OPM’s regulations. Id. The letter informed the appellant that it would initiate a personnel action to correct the error and that her retirement coverage would be standard FERS, retroactively effective May 23, 2010. Id. ¶5 The appellant filed an appeal of this determination, requesting that the Board find that her tenure as a CBPO-E met or exceeded the duties of a CBPO SRC primary position, and that her retirement status be returned to LEO SRC. IAF, Tab 1 at 4. While the case was pending before the administrative judge, the agency submitted a motion to dismiss for lack of Board jurisdiction as it had not yet issued a final agency decision (FAD) on the matter, and the administrative judge subsequently dismissed the case without prejudice to the appellant’s right to refile. IAF, Tabs 12, 22. In June 2022, the agency issued a FAD noting that its classification team had reviewed the appellant’s position description and confirmed that it is entitled to secondary CBPO retirement coverage, and found that the August 27, 2021 letter correctly stated that the appellant is ineligible for either CBPO or LEO SRC and is only legally entitled to standard FERS retirement. Logan v. Department of Homeland Security, 4

MSPB Docket No. CH-0842-21-0460-I-2, Appeal File (I-2 AF), Tab 1 at 4. The appellant subsequently filed a Board appeal of the FAD. Id. at 3. ¶6 In her submissions to the administrative judge, the appellant argued, among other things, that she is entitled to SRC coverage as a primary CBPO because there was no distinction between primary and secondary SRC coverage in 2010 when she accepted the CBPO-I position, and that the doctrine of equitable estoppel precludes the agency from taking away her SRC benefits after 11 years. I-2 AF, Tab 16; see also I-2 AF, Tabs 7, 13. The agency, on the other hand, maintained that the appellant is not entitled to CBPO SRC because she transferred from a LEO SRC primary position to a CBPO secondary position, she is not entitled to the LEO SRC because she transferred out of a LEO SRC eligible position into a CBPO SRC eligible position, and she cannot meet her burden to prove equitable estoppel. I-2 AF, Tab 18. ¶7 After the appellant withdrew her hearing request, the administrative judge issued an initial decision based on the written record that reversed the FAD. I-2 AF, Tab 20, Initial Decision (ID) at 1-2, 30. The administrative judge concluded that the appellant met her burden to prove that her current CBPO-I position is entitled to SRC as a primary CBPO covered position based on the plain language of the statute and its implementing regulations. ID at 10-23. The administrative judge found the agency’s interpretation of the language regarding primary positions in OPM’s regulations—namely, that an individual performs the identified duties at least 50 percent of the time—was more restrictive than the CAA. ID at 12-20. The administrative judge also determined that, to the extent the appellant was arguing that she is entitled to continued SRC coverage from her CBPO-E position through her CBPO-I position, the CAA and OPM have made clear that the duties of a LEO and a CBPO are not equivalent, and that service in those two categories of employment is not interchangeable. ID at 23-25. Thus, the administrative judge ordered the agency to correct the appellant’s personnel 5

file to reflect her entitlement to CBPO SRC, effective May 23, 2010. ID at 30-31. ¶8 The agency has filed a petition for review. Petition for Review (PFR) File, Tab 1. The appellant, who was pro se below and is now represented by counsel, has filed a response. PFR File, Tab 7. The agency has filed a reply. PFR File, Tab 9.

ANALYSIS ¶9 Federal civil service retirement laws provide enhanced retirement coverage to persons who serve in certain positions, such as LEOs, firefighters, and CBPOs. 5 U.S.C.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
2025 MSPB 4, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/stacey-m-logan-v-department-of-homeland-security-mspb-2025.