Sompo Japan v. Norfolk So. Railway, Nipponkoa Ins. v. Norfolk So. Railway

CourtCourt of Appeals for the Second Circuit
DecidedAugust 6, 2014
Docket13-3416-cv, 13-3501-cv
StatusPublished

This text of Sompo Japan v. Norfolk So. Railway, Nipponkoa Ins. v. Norfolk So. Railway (Sompo Japan v. Norfolk So. Railway, Nipponkoa Ins. v. Norfolk So. Railway) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Sompo Japan v. Norfolk So. Railway, Nipponkoa Ins. v. Norfolk So. Railway, (2d Cir. 2014).

Opinion

13‐3416‐cv, 13‐3501‐cv Sompo Japan v. Norfolk So. Railway, Nipponkoa Ins. v. Norfolk So. Railway

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

August Term, 2013

(Argued: May 9, 2014 Decided: August 6, 2014)

Docket Nos. 13‐3416‐cv, 13‐3501‐cv

SOMPO JAPAN INSURANCE COMPANY OF AMERICA,

Plaintiff‐Appellant,

— v. —

NORFOLK SOUTHERN RAILWAY COMPANY, NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION, THE KANSAS CITY SOUTHERN RAILWAY COMPANY,

Defendants‐Appellees.*

NIPPONKOA INSURANCE COMPANY

Plaintiff‐Appellee,

* The clerk of court is respectfully directed to conform the caption to that shown above.

1 NORFOLK SOUTHERN RAILWAY COMPANY, THE KANSAS CITY SOUTHERN RAILWAY COMPANY,

Defendants‐Appellants.

__________________

B e f o r e:

JACOBS, SACK, and LYNCH, Circuit Judges.

DAVID T. MALOOF (Thomas M. Eagan, on the brief), Maloof Browne & Eagan LLC, Rye, New York, for Plaintiff‐Appellant Sompo Japan Insurance Company of America in No. 13‐1416, and for Plaintiff‐Appellee Nipponkoa Insurance Company in No. 13‐ 3501.

PAUL D. KEENAN, Keenan Cohen & Howard P.C., Jenkintown, Pennsylvania, for Defendants‐Appellants Norfolk Southern Railway Company and The Kansas City Southern Railway Company in No. 13‐3501, and for Defendants‐Appellees Norfolk Southern Railway Company, Norfolk Southern Corporation, and The Kansas City Southern Railway Company in No. 13‐3416. __________________

These appeals from the United States District Court for the Southern

District of New York (Denny Chin, Judge), heard in tandem, arise out of a train

derailment in the United States and the resulting damage to the train’s cargo.

2 The cargo in question originated in parts of Asia and was destined for various

recipients in the United States. Both appeals raise questions about the

interpretation and enforceability of a provision contained in a through bill of

lading issued by an upstream ocean carrier that purportedly designates the

upstream carrier as the sole entity responsible to the cargo owners for damage to

the cargo, thereby relieving the railroads from liability to the cargo owners. In

addition, the appeal in Nipponkoa Insurance Co. v. Norfolk Southern Railway

challenges Nipponkoa’s ability to maintain its claim for contractual

indemnification – a claim assigned to it by the upstream ocean carrier – against

Norfolk Southern and the Kansas City Southern Railway Company. We affirm

the judgment of the district court in both appeals. The defendants are entitled to

enforce the liability‐limiting provision in the upstream carrier’s bill of lading

against the plaintiffs. However, the judgment in favor of Nipponkoa is sustained

because the defendants’ challenges to that judgment were waived below.

AFFIRMED.

GERARD E. LYNCH, Circuit Judge:

In April 2006, a train derailed near Dallas, Texas, destroying much of the

3 train’s cargo – a variety of manufactured goods ranging from tractors to copy

machines. The derailment precipitated these actions, which are on appeal before

this Court for the second time. Before taking their fateful train ride, the

manufactured goods had traveled across the Pacific Ocean from various parts of

Asia. Their entire international journey was governed by through bills of lading

– essentially, contracts – issued by ocean carriers to the cargo owners or their

intermediaries. In the aftermath of the derailment, the plaintiffs Sompo Japan

Insurance Company of America (“Sompo”) and Nipponkoa Insurance Company

(“Nipponkoa”) (collectively, “plaintiffs”) – subrogees of the cargo

owners/shippers – filed suit against Norfolk Southern Railway Company,

Norfolk Southern Corporation (together, “Norfolk Southern”),1 and the Kansas

City Southern Railway Company (“KCSR”) (collectively, “defendants” or “the

Railroads”) to recover for the damage sustained to the cargo by the derailment.

The litigation was originally pursued based on plaintiffs’ federal causes of

action under the framework of the Carmack Amendment, legislation that

addresses carrier liability for goods lost or damaged during an interstate

1 Sompo, but not Nipponkoa, sued Norfolk Southern Corporation. For ease of reference, we will refer to the Norfolk entities that the plaintiffs have respectively sued simply as Norfolk Southern.

4 shipment. Following the Supreme Court’s decision in Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha

Ltd. v. Regal‐Beloit Corp., 561 U.S. 89 (2010) (“Regal‐Beloit”), which made clear

that the Carmack Amendment does not apply to the shipments at issue, the

ground shifted, and the cases were remanded to the United States District Court

for the Southern District of New York (Denny Chin, Judge) for further

proceedings on plaintiffs’ state law claims. In these appeals, heard in tandem,

plaintiffs ask us to decide the meaning and enforceability of provisions found in

the bills that purport to designate the ocean carrier as the sole entity responsible

to the cargo owners for damage to the cargo. In addition, the appeal in

Nipponkoa Insurance Co. v. Norfolk Southern Railway challenges Nipponkoa’s

ability to maintain its claim for contractual indemnification – a claim assigned to

it by the upstream ocean carrier – against Norfolk Southern and KCSR. For the

reasons described below, we affirm the judgments of the district court in full.

BACKGROUND

I. The Underlying Facts

In March and April 2006, a number of manufacturers arranged to have

their products shipped from places in Asia to locations in the southern United

States. Two of the manufacturers sought to ship automotive parts from Japan to

5 Georgia, and hired Nippon Express U.S.A. (“Nippon Express”), a non‐vessel

owning common carrier (“NVOCC”),2 to arrange for the transportation of the

shipments.3 Nippon Express issued a through bill of lading to the manufacturers

(“Nippon Express bill of lading”). A through bill of lading is essentially a

contract that describes the terms that will govern both the ocean and land

portions of the shipments’ transport.4 Because Nippon Express does not itself

provide transportation services, it hired Yang Ming – an ocean carrier – to

provide the ocean transport and arrange the land leg of the shipments’ journey.

Accordingly, Yang Ming issued through bills of lading of its own to Nippon

Express (“Yang Ming bill of lading”), detailing the terms under which the

2 “An NVOCC will issue a bill of lading to the shipper but does not undertake the actual transportation of the cargo. Instead, the NVOCC delivers the shipment to an ocean carrier for transportation.” Royal & Sun Alliance Ins., PLC v. Ocean World Lines, Inc., 612 F.3d 138, 140 n.2 (2d Cir. 2010) (internal quotation marks omitted). 3 The two shipments governed by the Nippon Express bill of lading that are relevant to these appeals are the Unisia Shipment and the Enplas Shipment. Sompo is pursuing a claim for damage to the Unisia Shipment, while Nipponkoa has secured a judgment for damage to the Enplas Shipment. 4 “A through bill of lading covers both the ocean and inland portions of the transport in a single document.” Regal‐Beloit, 561 U.S at 94.

6 transportation would be undertaken.5 A third manufacturer sought to ship

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

York Company v. Central Railroad
70 U.S. 107 (Supreme Court, 1866)
Bank of Kentucky v. Adams Express Co.
93 U.S. 174 (Supreme Court, 1876)
Hart v. Pennsylvania Railroad
112 U.S. 331 (Supreme Court, 1884)
Adams Express Company v. Croninger
226 U.S. 491 (Supreme Court, 1912)
United States v. Atlantic Mutual Insurance
343 U.S. 236 (Supreme Court, 1952)
Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd. v. Regal-Beloit Corp.
561 U.S. 89 (Supreme Court, 2010)
William J. Riley v. Meba Pension Trust
586 F.2d 968 (Second Circuit, 1978)
Brown & Root, Inc. v. M/v Peisander, Etc.
648 F.2d 415 (Fifth Circuit, 1981)
Satchell v. Dilworth
745 F.2d 781 (Second Circuit, 1984)
Brown v. City of Syracuse
673 F.3d 141 (Second Circuit, 2012)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
Sompo Japan v. Norfolk So. Railway, Nipponkoa Ins. v. Norfolk So. Railway, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/sompo-japan-v-norfolk-so-railway-nipponkoa-ins-v-n-ca2-2014.