Solberg v. County of Yellowstone

659 P.2d 290, 203 Mont. 79, 1983 Mont. LEXIS 651
CourtMontana Supreme Court
DecidedMarch 1, 1983
Docket81-370
StatusPublished
Cited by9 cases

This text of 659 P.2d 290 (Solberg v. County of Yellowstone) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Montana Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Solberg v. County of Yellowstone, 659 P.2d 290, 203 Mont. 79, 1983 Mont. LEXIS 651 (Mo. 1983).

Opinions

MR. JUSTICE HARRISON

delivered the opinion of the Court.

This is a wrongful death action on appeal from the District Court of the Thirteenth Judicial District in and for the County of Yellowstone. The jury found for the defendant, Yellowstone County. From that adverse verdict and judgment, the plaintiff appeals.

Solberg had been incarcerated in the Yellowstone County jail since mid-day on November 19. On that day he was involved in a single-car accident. His car left the road, went through a fence, and came to rest in a field. Solberg was in the car when the deputy sheriff arrived. According to the deputy, Solberg was “quite intoxicated” and “he could barely walk.” He was then taken to jail and charged with driving while intoxicated and driving without a valid driver’s license. On the following day, November 20, 1974, he pled guilty to the two offenses in justice court. He was unable to pay the fine imposed and as a result he was ordered to serve time in jail.

On November 22, 1974, at approximately 7:30 a.m., Darrel Solberg was found lying face down on the floor of a padded cell in the Yellowstone County jail. He was immediately rushed to the hospital and was pronounced dead on arrival. At the emergency room his temperature was recorded at 107.8 degrees. Later that morning an autopsy was performed. The cause of death was determined to be hyperpyrexia, the greatly elevated temperature related to delirium tremens and alcohol withdrawal. The complaint alleged that the defendant, Yellowstone County, “negligently and [82]*82carelessly failed to promptly secure, or demand, adequate and proper medical attention. . .” The jury held for the defendant. The plaintiff then brought this appeal.

Several issues were raised on appeal:

1. Whether the jury was selected in accordance with the law;

2. Whether or not the District Court erred in refusing to give an offered instruction on negligence as a matter of law; and

3. Whether or not there is substantial evidence to support the verdict?

The first issue relating to the selection of the jury necessitates a reversal and remand for new trial; however, we will consider the other issues in view of the fact the case must be retried.

The trial in this cause took place during October 1980. During that same time period, within weeks of the Solberg trial, another trial was held in the Thirteenth Judicial District. The other case was entitled Dvorak v. Huntley Project Irrigation District. In that case a jury rendered a verdict which was appealed to this Court. We reversed, because the jury had not been selected in accordance with law. Dvorak v. Huntley Project Irrigation District (1981), Mont., 639 P.2d 62, 38 St.Rep. 2176. Specifically, we found violations of sections 25-7-202 and 25-7-204, MCA.

Upon review of the supplemental transcript of proceedings in Dvorak, which have become part of the record in this case, we find the following testimony of Charmaine Fisher, a Deputy Clerk of Court for the Thirteenth Judicial District:

“Q. Have you sat on other cases where juries were selected in the same procedure? A. Yes.
"...
“Q. Was there a case called Solberg? A. Yes.
"...
“Q. And was the jury selected in that case in the same manner? A. Yes.”

[83]*83Also the testimony indicates that the procedure had been used in the district for many years.

“Q. And is that [the jury selection procedure] commonly used in Yellowstone County? A. Yes, has been for, well I can’t imagine how many years, I know at least twenty. . .”

Here, appellant’s argument is simply: Dvorak and this case were tried in the same judicial district, both having juries selected with the same procedures and since Dvorak was reversed because of such procedures, this case should also be reversed. We agree.

Respondent strenuously argues that appellant’s objection is not timely. In Dvorak the appellant made his objection known a week after the verdict had been entered but before his motion for a new trial. In this case, appellant first objected to the jury selection process in his initial brief; more than one year since the trial. The respondent in Dvorak argued that objections to the jury selection process had come too late. We held otherwise, stating:

“[t]he basic flaw in this contention is that counsel for the [appellant] did not discover the discrepancies in the jury selection process until a week after the trial. Further, counsel had no reason, prior to his inquiries, to suspect that the statutory procedures were not being followed. In other words, the ‘means of knowledge’ were not available for counsel to object before or during the trial.

“In Ledger v. McKenzie (1938), 107 Mont. 335, 85 P.2d 352, this Court discussed the necessity of objecting to the impaneling of a jury in a timely manner. This Court held:

“ ‘. . .that if counsel does not have the knowledge, or means of knowledge, of the irregularity in the drawing of the jury or the panel from which it is selected until after the verdict, the question may be raised for the first time on motion for new trial.’ 85 P.2d 353.” Dvorak,, Mont., 639 P.2d at 64, 38 St.Rep. at 2179.

Respondent asserts that since the issue was not raised on motion for a new trial, any objection was lost. The rule cannot be so construed. The rule simply states that if coun[84]*84sel was without knowledge or means of knowledge during trial he may, upon gaining knowledge of selection irregularities, make his objection known in a motion for new trial. The rule does not limit the time period for making the objection, rather it defines a particular point as being timely. In this case we merely define another point as being timely.

Respondent also argues that appellant’s counsel is a veteran trial attorney and must have been aware of the preselection process, thus counsel must have had knowledge or means of knowledge of selection irregularities. Although appellant’s counsel knew that the jury was preselected, it does not follow that he knew or should have known that the proper procedures were not followed. As we said in Dvorak,, Mont., 639 P.2d at 65, 38 St.Rep. at 2179, “counsel had a right to rely on the judge and clerk to follow their statutory duties.”

Next, appellant contends error for failure of the District Court to give his offered jury instruction number 28, which reads:

“You are instructed that this Court has found as a matter of law that Yellowstone County was negligent in its care and treatment of Darrel Solberg and therefore no finding on this question is required of you. The only remaining issue with respect to Yellowstone County is for you to find what damages, if any, were proximately caused by Yellowstone County’s negligence.”

In support of the above instruction we are cited to Azure v. City of Billings (1979), 182 Mont.

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Solberg v. County of Yellowstone
659 P.2d 290 (Montana Supreme Court, 1983)

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Bluebook (online)
659 P.2d 290, 203 Mont. 79, 1983 Mont. LEXIS 651, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/solberg-v-county-of-yellowstone-mont-1983.