Sobotka v. Chrysler Corp.

499 N.W.2d 777, 198 Mich. App. 455, 1993 Mich. App. LEXIS 65
CourtMichigan Court of Appeals
DecidedMarch 1, 1993
DocketDocket 139553
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 499 N.W.2d 777 (Sobotka v. Chrysler Corp.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Michigan Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Sobotka v. Chrysler Corp., 499 N.W.2d 777, 198 Mich. App. 455, 1993 Mich. App. LEXIS 65 (Mich. Ct. App. 1993).

Opinions

ON REHEARING

Before: Weaver, P.J., Michael J. Kelly and Marilyn Kelly, JJ.

[457]*457Weaver, P.J.

The motion for rehearing is granted and the unpublished opinions previously released on June 29, 1992 (Docket No. 139553), in this matter are withdrawn and are replaced by the accompanying expression of the Court’s view.

Plaintiff Mark Sobotka was injured in the course of his employment as an inspector at a Chrysler Corporation plant on May 26, 1978. An automobile moving along the production line collided with a stationary vehicle on which plaintiff was performing an inspection, striking his legs above and below the knees.

In its original August 8, 1986, decision, the Workers’ Compensation Appeal Board found plaintiff partially disabled, but awarded him full benefits to the extent of two-thirds of the difference between his actual postinjury wages and the wages he was earning at the time of injury.

On December 23, 1986, this Court peremptorily reversed and remanded to the appeal board, directing the board to determine the extent to which plaintiff’s earning capacity had been impaired, with instructions to fix the amount, in dollars and cents, of the weekly benefits accordingly due. This order was based on the board’s unappealed finding of partial disability, and cited in support Thayer v Britz, 234 Mich 645; 209 NW 50 (1926), and Barrett v Bohn Aluminum & Brass Co, 69 Mich App 636, 641; 245 NW2d 147 (1976).

On remand, the appeal board again awarded benefits equal to two-thirds of the difference between the wages plaintiff was earning before injury and after injury, his postinjury earnings at that time being zero. The board found that "there is no evidence in the record to indicate, that plaintiff has been able to find suitable work within his restrictions since he was laid off on January 17, [458]*4581979.” Again this Court peremptorily reversed, citing Thayer v Britz, supra, and Trask v Modern Pattern & Machine Co, 222 Mich 692, 697-699; 193 NW 830 (1923). That order directed the appeal board again to calculate, "in dollars and cents, the proportionate impairment of plaintiffs earning capacity attributable to his partial disability,” and noted that "plaintiffs post-injury earnings are merely one factor to be considered; the Appeal Board’s opinion and order of July 31, 1987 treats those post-injury earnings as the sole factor of relevance, contrary to the analysis set forth in Trask, supra.”

On second remand, the appeal board reviewed the medical and lay testimony, juxtaposing it with plaintiffs inability to find employment within his restrictions since the date of injury, leading the board to the following conclusion:

Based upon the fact that plaintiff has not been able to earn any wages after his January 17, 1979 layoff, the medical testimony of Dr. Larkin, Dr. Goldberg and Dr. Weisman concerning the nature and extent of plaintiff’s injuries, we find that plaintiff does suffer from a disability which severely limits his ability to engage [in] post-[injury] employment. We also find that plaintiff’s proportionate impairment in earning capacity attributed to his partial disability is two-thirds of $283.30 or $153 per week for two dependents.

That benefit rate is identical to the benefit rate' awarded in the appeal board’s two prior orders.

It is the last quoted decision of the appeal board that is before us for our determination. Initially, this Court again entered a peremptory order, affirming the determination that plaintiffs partial disability is two-thirds of $283.30. However, the remainder of the appeal board’s order was vacated on the basis of the following observation:

[459]*459Two-thirds of $283.30 is not $153, but $188.87. Pursuant to § 361(1), plaintiffs weekly disability benefit may not exceed two-thirds of his loss in average weekly wage, or $125.91. On remand, the Appeal Board shall determine plaintiff’s benefit level for two dependents, not to exceed $125.91.

The Supreme Court, however, vacated that order and remanded to this Court for plenary consideration. 437 Mich 953 (1991). We amend in part and affirm.

Fundamentally, this case proceeds on the basis that plaintiff is only partially disabled. Plaintiff has never sought to appeal the initial finding of partial disability, and when defendant attempted to allege total disability after first remand, this Court, in that respect, denied defendant’s second application for leave to appeal "for lack of merit in the grounds presented.” This Court’s first two orders have not been vacated by the Supreme Court, which vacated only this Court’s third peremptory order in the case, that of July 26, 1989. Sobotka v Chrysler Corp, 437 Mich 953 (1991). In other circumstances, the Supreme Court has vacated all prior orders of this Court, e.g., Murdock v Michigan Health Maintenance Organization, 434 Mich 851 (1990) ("[t]he decisions of the Court of Appeals are vacated and the case is remanded . . . ”). While at the Supreme Court level there is no law of this case, Raven v Wayne Co Bd of Comm’rs, 399 Mich 585, 588, n 1; 250 NW2d 477 (1977) (final paragraph), in contrast, in this Court our prior decisions, to the extent adjudicative facts remain substantially the same, do represent the law of the case, which we are not free to modify, the time for rehearing of those orders having expired. Johnson v White, 430 Mich 47, 53; 420 NW2d 87 (1988).

Under the doctrine of law of the case, therefore, [460]*460plaintiff is partially disabled, and the decisions in Trask, Thayer, and Barrett, supra, must be examined to determine how plaintiff’s benefit rate shall be calculated.

The appeal board, in this and in similar cases, recently joined by the appellate commission, takes the position that Trask and Thayer are either no longer good law, or, at most, apply only to situations in which the employee, after injury, can resume the identical job in which the employee was engaged at the time of injury. If the injury in any way limits the ability of the employee to do the same job, then on this theory partial disability becomes irrelevant, and the only limitation on employer liability is the employee’s dependency rate, the maximum rate set by statute, the average weekly wage, and any actual wages the employee is able to earn after injury, which become a setoff under § 371(1) of the Workers’ Disability Compensation Act, MCL 418.371(1); MSA 17.237(371X1).

This focus on the "job” in which the employee was working at the time of injury, rather than on the general field of employment, is erroneous. Miller v S Fair & Sons, 206 Mich 360, 365; 171 NW 380 (1919). Indeed, wherever the statute deals with compensating the injured employee for wage loss, the focus is on the "employment,” and not the particular job, that was being performed at the time of injury. Thus, § 371(1) of the Workers’ Disability Compensation Act of 1969, unchanged in relevant part from its predecessor, 1927 PA 376, MCL 412.11; MSA 17.161, provides:

The weekly loss in wages referred to in this act shall consist of the percentage of the average weekly earnings of the injured employee computed according to this section as fairly represents the [461]*461

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Sobotka v. Chrysler Corp.
499 N.W.2d 777 (Michigan Court of Appeals, 1993)

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Bluebook (online)
499 N.W.2d 777, 198 Mich. App. 455, 1993 Mich. App. LEXIS 65, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/sobotka-v-chrysler-corp-michctapp-1993.