Smith v. Department of the Navy

District Court, District of Columbia·Decided August 6, 2026·No. Civil Action No. 2025-2072·Published

Opinion

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

MICHELLE M. SMITH, ) ) Plaintiff, ) ) v. ) Civil Action No. 25-02072 (RC) ) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY, ) ) Defendant. )

MEMORANDUM OPINION

This matter is before the Court on the Second Motion for More Definite Statement or

Alternatively Motion to Dismiss (“Mot.”), ECF No. 20, filed by Defendant the Department of the

Navy. For the reasons stated below, the Court grants Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss and denies

its Second Motion for More Definite Statement as moot.

BACKGROUND

Plaintiff, who is proceeding pro se and in forma pauperis, originally filed this matter in the

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit by filing a Petition for Review, ECF No. 1, appealing

a final order issued by the Merit Systems Protection Board (“MSPB”) in No. DC-0752-20-0166-

I-1, affirming the decision of her former employer, the Department of the Navy, to terminate her

employment via a “Chapter 75 removal,” see generally id.; see also Transfer Order (“Ord.”), ECF

No. 13, at 1. Upon review of Plaintiff’s Response to Show Cause (“Resp.”), ECF No. 11, on June

20, 2025, the Federal Circuit determined that Plaintiff intended not only to appeal the MSPB’s

determination but also to raise civil claims for employment discrimination and retaliation, see Ord.

at 1–2 (citing Resp. at 1). Accordingly, it determined that this matter was a “mixed case” because

Plaintiff pursues wage employment discrimination claims in an action that was also appealable to

the MSPB. See id. at 2. And, because the Federal Circuit determined that the alleged discrimination appears to have occurred in the District of Columbia, it transferred the case to this

Court. See id. (citing 28 U.S.C. § 1631).

Shortly after the case was transferred, on July 21, 2025, Defendant filed its First Motion

for a More Definite Statement, ECF No. 15, which the Court granted on August 26, 2025, see

Order (“Aug. 26th Ord.”), ECF No. 17. Because this matter began as an appeal of an MSPB

decision, Plaintiff was not required to file a formal pleading clearly defining her discrimination

claims against Defendant pursuant to Rule 7(a)(1); however, given its resulting transfer to this

Court, a formal pleading was required to provide sufficient notice of Plaintiff’s claims. See id. at

2. Indeed, Plaintiff’s original Petition consisted only of a boilerplate template notice of appeal and

a copy of the MBPB’s final order, which, even combined, contained little to no facts or context

sufficient to raise an employment discrimination claim, and thus failed to comply with minimal

pleading standards. See id. at 2–3.

Accordingly, the Court ordered Plaintiff to, within 30 days, file an amended civil

complaint, drafted in accordance with Rules 3, 8, 10, and 11 of the Federal Rules of Civil

Procedure, and Rule 5.1 of the Local Civil Rules, clearly and succinctly identifying the specific

causes of action that she intended to bring, and against whom, and identifying the legal bases, legal

authority, and the relevant facts sufficient to state and support those claims, including, but not

limited to, the alleged adverse actions, and where, when, how, on what discriminatory basis, and

by whom they occurred. See id. at 3. The Court further instructed Plaintiff to clearly plead her

intended basis for jurisdiction, venue, her entitlement to relief, and the relief sought, and to also

restate her intention to prosecute her MSPB appeal, if she still so intended. Plaintiff was

forewarned that failure to fully comply with the Court’s Order could result in dismissal. See id.

2 On September 25, 2025, Plaintiff filed, in response to the Court’s August 26th Order, a

letter to the Clerk of Court, attached to an untitled amended submission (“Amended Submission”

and “Am. Sub.”), which was collectively construed and docketed as her Amended Complaint, ECF

No. 18. She also concomitantly filed numerous sets of Exhibits (“Exs.”), ECF No. 19 through 19-

7. In response, on December 1, 2025, Defendant filed the pending Second Motion for More

Definite Statement or Alternatively Motion to Dismiss. See generally Mot. On the same date, the

Court entered an Order (“Fox Order”), ECF No. 21, advising Plaintiff of her obligation to respond

to Defendant’s Motion, forewarning her of the consequences of failing to respond to a motion to

dismiss, and directing her to file a response by no later than January 5, 2026, see id. at 1–2 (citing

Fox v. Strickland, 837 F.2d 507, 509 (D.C. Cir. 1988) (per curiam)). The Clerk mailed a copy of

that Order to Plaintiff’s address of record on December 2, 2025.

On December 12, 2025, in response to the Court’s December 1st Order, Plaintiff filed a

“Response to the Court’s Show Cause-Order Regarding Jurisdiction” (“Resp I”), ECF No. 22, and

four days later, she filed an “Amended Conclusion to Response to the Court’s Show-Cause Order

Regarding Jurisdiction” (“Resp. II”), ECF No. 23. These Responses are captioned, not for this

Court, but for the Federal Circuit, see Fed. R. Civ. P. 10(a); D.C. LCvR 5.1(g), and they do not

address the arguments raised in Defendant’s pending Motion. See generally Resp. I; Resp. II.

Instead, in these Responses, Plaintiff continues to argue that this matter is not a mixed case and

that the Federal Circuit bears subject matter jurisdiction because “the MSPB did not decide any

discrimination claim on the merits, because [she] challenges only legal and procedural aspects of

her Chapter 75 removal, and because controlling precedent confirms jurisdiction where

discrimination allegations were dismissed procedurally[.]” Resp. I at 3; see Resp. II at 1.

However, this Court does not bear the authority to vacate or otherwise revisit actions taken or

3 determinations made by the Federal Circuit. See In re Marin, 956 F.2d 339, 340 (D.C. Cir. 1992)

(per curiam) (citing Panko v. Rodak, 606 F. 2d 168, 171 n.6 (7th Cir. 1979) (“[I]t seems axiomatic

that a lower court may not order the judges or officers of a higher court to take an action.”)), cert.

denied, 506 U.S. 844 (1992); U.S. v. Choi, 818 F. Supp. 2d 79, 85 (D.D.C. 2011) (stating that

federal district courts “generally lack[] appellate jurisdiction over other judicial bodies, and cannot

exercise appellate mandamus over other courts”) (citing Lewis v. Green, 629 F. Supp. 546, 553

(D.D.C. 1986)).

LEGAL STANDARD

Failure to State a Claim

A plaintiff is obligated to provide a short and plain statement of her claim showing that she

is entitled to relief, Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2), that “give[s] the defendant fair notice of what the . . .

claim is and the grounds upon which it rests.” Erickson v. Pardus, 551 U.S. 89, 93 (2007)

(per curiam) (quoting Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544

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