Slohoda v. Slohoda

17 V.I. 7, 1980 WL 626218, 1980 V.I. LEXIS 101
CourtSupreme Court of The Virgin Islands
DecidedJanuary 23, 1980
DocketCivil No. 1626/1978
StatusPublished

This text of 17 V.I. 7 (Slohoda v. Slohoda) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of The Virgin Islands primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Slohoda v. Slohoda, 17 V.I. 7, 1980 WL 626218, 1980 V.I. LEXIS 101 (virginislands 1980).

Opinion

SILVERLIGHT, Judge

MEMORANDUM OPINION

Plaintiff herein seeks to recover unpaid alimony which allegedly accrued pursuant to a decree of divorce entered by The District Court of the Virgin Islands on February 20, 1979.1 Defendant asserts as an affirmative defense, a waiver on the part of the plaintiff as well as a set off of a sum of money to which he claims entitlement from her. Except to the extent necessary to calculate the sums which became due and the sums which were paid, child support is neither sought nor is it relevant to the claims of either party. The evidence is largely uncontradicted, although each party urges that opposite inferences be drawn from it.

The Court finds that the parties were married on or about April 23, 1944.2 Three children were born of the union,3 only the youngest of whom was still a minor on February 20, 1970, the date upon which the parties were divorced. On January 28, 1970, immediately prior to the entry of the Decree by The District Court, the parties executed a “Separation Agreement”4 which provided, among other [9]*9things, that it would not merge in any divorce decree which might subsequently be entered by any Court. The agreement was not incorporated in The District Court’s Decree although the provisions of paragraph 3(a) and 3(b) of the agreement were set forth as paragraph 8 of the Findings of Fact and as paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Decree.5 During the period June, .1970 through June, 1971, it is undisputed that the minor child resided with the defendant and accordingly no child support accrued or is sought for this period.

The accrued alimony for this period amounted to $1040.6 For the period July, 1971 through December, 1971, it is agreed that combined alimony and support in the sum of $1690 accrued.7 Thereafter, for the period January, 1972 through March 5,1973, the additional sum of $3665 accrued as combined alimony and support.8 The minor child of the marriage attained his majority on March 5,1973 and accordingly only the sum of $20 per week as alimony accrued thereafter. I have computed this to be the sum of $400 to and including July 31, 19739 and $6580 to and including June 28, 1979, the date upon which hearing was held.10 The parties have stipulated that payments totalling $6836.50 were made by the defendant between June, 1970 and July, 1973. The arrearage, therefore, which existed on the last day of July, 1973 was $258.50. Since that date, plaintiff contends that an additional $6180 has accrued. If plaintiff prevails, she will be entitled to judgment in the total sum of $6438.5011 before consideration of defendant’s claim.

Defendant alleges that plaintiff is indebted to him in the sum of $3500.00 pursuant to the terms of the Separation Agreement, the property referred to therein having been sold in or about July, 1973. He also alleges that defendant has waived her right to alimony by both her affirmative acts and her inaction.

The Court has carefully read the cases cited by both counsel to support their respective positions and upon consideration of the memoranda of counsel and its own research, has concluded that both parties must prevail in part.

[10]*10 A. Waiver and Acquiescence

Plaintiff seeks to reduce unpaid and past-due installments of alimony to judgment in this action. There is no doubt that, upon presentation of appropriate proofs, she may do so for installments of alimony become matured debts upon their due date. Sistare v. Sistare, 30 S.Ct. 682; 218 U.S.1 (1910); Gottesman v. Gottesman, 202 So.2d 775 (Fla. 1967) and Kephart v. Kephart, 193 F.2d 677 (D.C. Cir., 1951) cert. denied 342 U.S. 944. Consequently, she may also waive her right to enforce collection of past-due and unpaid installments of alimony12 for

“[6, 7] Although no case has been found expressly holding that one may waive the benefit of any award for alimony and support, the law is well settled that one may waive any civil right (25 Cal. Jur. 929; In re Estate of Shapiro, 79 Cal. App.2d 731, 733, 181 P.2d 117), and that “[a]ny one may waive the advantage of law intended solely for his benefit.” Civil Code § 3513. A wife may waive her right to alimony pendente lite (Patton v. Patton, 32 Cal.2d 520, 196 P.2d 909), and her right to avoid a transfer of community real property executed solely by her husband. Rice v. McCarthy, 73 Cal. App. 655, 239 P. 56. There appears to be no valid reason why a woman cannot also waive her right to a portion of the alimony and support provided for by a decree of divorce so as to relieve her former husband of a charge of contempt based upon a willful disobedience of said order. Graham v. Graham, 345 P.2d 316 (Cal. App. 1959).

Defendant alleges that plaintiff waived her right to accrued but unpaid alimony because she failed to take any steps to enforce the underlying decree of the Court from July 1, 1973, the date of the defendant’s last payment, until the institution of this action on December 13, 1978, a period of approximately 5% years. He further asserts that in July, 1973, plaintiff, by her affirmative statement in a telephone conversation with him13 expressly waived any further payments.

[11]*11Waiver has been defined with some particularity in this jurisdiction in Marcelly v. Mohan et al., 16 V.I. 575 (Terr. Ct. Div. St. T. & St. J., Dec. 17, 1979) wherein Feuerzeig, J. said:

It is well established that a “waiver” is an intentional relinquishment of a known right or privilege. Fay v. Noia, 372 U.S. 391 (1962). To constitute a waiver of a legal right, a party must have knowledge of such right and an evident purpose to surrender it. First National Bank of Milford v. Department of Banking, 4 Pa. Commw. 168, 286 A.2d 480, 482 (1972). Furthermore, relinquishment of the right must be voluntary. Schmidt v. Interstate Federal Savings & Loan Association, 74 F.R.D. 423 (D.D.C. 1977); United States v. Procter & Gamble Co., 25 F.R.D. 485 (D.N.J. 1960); see Virgin Islands National Bank v. Tropical Ventures, Inc., 9 V.I. 429, 358 F.Supp. 1203 (D.V.I. 1973).

Assuming arguendo that the statements attributed to the plaintiff during the telephone conversation14 between the parties were in fact made, it cannot be said that they evidence an intentional relinquishment of her right to recover arrearages or that they indicate surrender of that right as their purpose. This is particularly clear when the statements are considered in conjunction with the letter from defendant to plaintiff, dated December 17, 1973,15 which states in pertinent part:

“. . . you have told him that I am in airearage (sic) and yet you have not shown where or why....”

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Related

Sistare v. Sistare
218 U.S. 1 (Supreme Court, 1910)
Fay v. Noia
372 U.S. 391 (Supreme Court, 1963)
Kephart v. Kephart
193 F.2d 677 (D.C. Circuit, 1952)
Sherwood v. Superior Court
181 P.2d 117 (California Court of Appeal, 1947)
Patton v. Patton
196 P.2d 909 (California Supreme Court, 1948)
Virgin Islands National Bank v. Tropical Ventures, Inc.
358 F. Supp. 1203 (Virgin Islands, 1973)
Graham v. Graham
345 P.2d 316 (California Court of Appeal, 1959)
Rice v. McCarthy
239 P. 56 (California Court of Appeal, 1925)
First National Bank v. Department of Banking
286 A.2d 480 (Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania, 1972)
Marcelly v. Mohan
16 V.I. 575 (Supreme Court of The Virgin Islands, 1979)
United States v. Procter & Gamble Co.
25 F.R.D. 485 (D. New Jersey, 1960)
Schmidt v. Interstate Federal Sayings & Loan Ass'n
74 F.R.D. 423 (District of Columbia, 1977)

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Bluebook (online)
17 V.I. 7, 1980 WL 626218, 1980 V.I. LEXIS 101, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/slohoda-v-slohoda-virginislands-1980.