Singer v. SSA

2004 DNH 001

• Court: District Court, D. New Hampshire
• Decided: January 6, 2004
• Docket: CV-02-387-M
• Status: Published

Opinion

Singer v . SSA CV-02-387-M 01/06/04 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

DISTRICT OF NEW HAMPSHIRE

Robert Singer, o/b/o Joyce Singer, Claimant

v. Civil N o . 02-387-M Opinion N o . 2004 DNH 001 Jo Anne B . Barnhart, Commissioner, Social Security Administration, Respondent

O R D E R

Claimant moves for an award of attorney’s fees, under 28

U.S.C. § 2412(d). Respondent objects. Claimant’s motion is

denied.

According to claimant, the court’s order reversing the

Appeals Council’s decision (document n o . 14) was based upon clear

legal error by the Appeals Council, which demonstrates that the

government’s position in this case was not substantially

justified. Plaintiff reads too much into the court’s order.

The government’s position was substantially justified, to

the extent the disputed bank account held unspent Social Security benefits (also termed “conserved current benefits”). The ALJ’s

apparent conclusion - that the designation of that account as a

“trust” account (and the beneficiary’s inability to directly

access funds in that account) was sufficient to shield it from

being counted as a resource of the beneficiary - was legally

incorrect. As stated in the prior order, conserved current

benefits are countable resources, as a matter of law, no matter

the label attached to the bank account or other financial vehicle

used to hold them.

The decision of the Appeals Council was reversed not because

the Appeals Council erroneously counted resources that should not

have been counted, but because it decided the case based upon an

inadequate record. The record, as developed, did not provide a

basis upon which to determine either the amount or legal status

of personal funds M r . Singer co-mingled with his daughter’s SSA

benefits in the Citizens Bank “trust” account. The parties, the

ALJ, and the Appeals Council all focused upon the legal status of

the Citizens Bank account in gross rather than in terms of the

discrete sources of funds held in i t , and the restrictions, if

any, placed on disbursements from i t .

2 I f , in any month, the account contained more than $2,000 in

unspent SSI benefits, claimant was ineligible for additional

benefits in that month. O r , if it contained more than $2,000 in

unspent SSI benefits, or completed unrestricted gifts, or a

combination of benefits and completed gifts, claimant was

ineligible for additional benefits in that month. The case was

remanded because the record suggests, but is insufficient to

establish, that the account sometimes (or often) contained more

than $2,000 in conserved current benefits, or completed gifts, or

some combination. At the time the government made its claim

against Singer, it had no way of knowing that the account into

which it deposited her benefit checks also contained funds from

other sources.1 Moreover, claimant offered nothing that would

help disentangle the co-mingling, while seeming to argue that all

of the account funds were held in trust and were, therefore, not

subject to asset counting, which is plainly wrong with respect to

conserved current benefits.

1 In fact, SSI strongly counsels against co-mingling SSI benefits with any other funds, presumably to avoid precisely the problem presented in this case. SSI’s strong statement against co-mingling made it reasonable for the government to conclude, in the absence of evidence to the contrary, that there were no funds in the account other than conserved current benefits.

3 In any event, because the Citizens Bank account contained a

substantial amount of countable funds, i.e., claimant’s SSI

benefits, and because claimant has yet to produce evidence that

would support a claim that the account contained less than $2,000

in conserved current benefits (and/or completed gifts) in any of

the months in which she was deemed ineligible,2 the government’s

position in this case has been and remains substantially

justified.

That said, a brief clarification of the previous order might

insure that the relevant issues are addressed on remand. First,

any conserved current benefits in the Citizens Bank account are

countable resources. I f , in any month, the account contained

more than $2,000 in conserved current benefits (and/or completed

gifts), claimant was ineligible for benefits in that month.

Robert Singer’s contributions to the account and the conditions,

if any, placed upon those contributions, may prove significant in

determining, in the first instance, the amount of conserved

current benefits (and/or completed gifts) the account held in any

given month.

2 Any such evidence, it should be noted, is uniquely within claimant’s control.

4 Determining that Robert Singer was the source of funds in

the account that put any given month’s total above $2,000 does

not, however, end the inquiry. The question then becomes one of

legal access to the funds placed into the account by M r . Singer.

In that inquiry, Joyce Singer’s inability to personally withdraw

funds from the account is somewhat beside the relevant point.

Rather, the relevant question concerns the legal restrictions, if

any, that Robert Singer placed upon the funds he deposited in the

account. If those funds remained his (or the trust’s) until he

disbursed them, at his sole discretion, for the benefit of Joyce,

then, perhaps, the part of the Citizens Bank account funded by

Robert Singer qualifies as a trust that is not a countable

resource. I f , on the other hand, those funds became the property

of Joyce when deposited, then they were countable resources. On

remand, it will be necessary to establish, as precisely as

possible, the legal status of those funds.3 These are not

necessarily easy questions to resolve on a fully developed

3 As the Commissioner correctly points out, M r . Singer’s establishment of a client trust account to collect Joyce’s benefits does not necessarily work in claimant’s favor on the question of ownership; the point of a client trust account is to preserve the client’s funds. Although, client trust accounts are also often used to hold other funds in escrow until the client’s entitlement is established.

5 record, and they cannot possibly be resolved on this record.

There may well be other pertinent facts to consider - e.g., were

the funds contributed by M r . Singer restricted to providing

support in ways other than those covered by SSI benefits?

Finally, as noted in the previous order, the parties ought

to resolve this dispute with a minimum of further litigation.

The amount claimed to be in dispute, comparatively small to begin

with, will certainly be diminished by a running accounting.

Finally, the factual basis for this dispute is unusual enough

that no broader systemic purpose is likely to be served by

litigating to the bitter end. No doubt M r . Singer, an attorney,

will properly structure his commendable generosity in the future

and supplement his daughter’s deserved but limited social

security allowance in a manner satisfactory to even the most

demanding of SSA monitors. Accordingly, the parties are, again,

strongly encouraged to negotiate a reasonable settlement to this

dispute in the interests of both the disabled beneficiary and the

taxpayers who have already paid government employees far more to

litigate than is in dispute.

6 For the reasons given, claimant’s motion for attorney’s fees

(document n o . 10) is denied.

SO ORDERED.

Steven J. McAuliffe United States District Judge

January 6, 2004

cc: David L . Broderick, Esq. Raymond J. Kelly, Esq.