Simons v. Ditto Trade, Inc.

63 F. Supp. 3d 874, 2014 WL 3889022, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 109601
CourtDistrict Court, N.D. Illinois
DecidedAugust 8, 2014
DocketCase No. 14 C 309
StatusPublished

This text of 63 F. Supp. 3d 874 (Simons v. Ditto Trade, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, N.D. Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Simons v. Ditto Trade, Inc., 63 F. Supp. 3d 874, 2014 WL 3889022, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 109601 (N.D. Ill. 2014).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER

Harry D. Leinenweber, Judge United States District Court

I. BACKGROUND

Defendant Ditto Holdings, Inc. (“Holdings”) is the parent of Defendant Ditto Trade, Inc. (“Trade”), and is a Broker-Dealer, registered with the Securities Exchange Commission (the -“SEC”). The Plaintiff, Paul Simons (“Simons”), is the former Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) of Trade and was a member of the Board of Directors of Holdings. Before joining Trade, Simons had spent twenty-five (25) years in the financial industry, including stints as Managing Director of Wealth Management at Credit Suisse and as a Managing Director of Merrill Lynch.

In January 2013, Simons was recruited by Defendant Joseph Fox (“Fox”), co-founder of the Ditto companies and CEO of Holdings, to serve as CEO of Trade. To help Simons decide whether to join Trade, Fox provided, detailed information relating to the Ditto entities’ current and historical financial picture, its business model, strategic initiatives, and technology investments. Based on this information Simons agreed to join Trade as CEO and Holdings as Executive Vice President, and to accept a compensation package that was to be comprised of 10% salary and 90% equity in the form of options to purchase Trade stock. The compensation package agreed upon consisted of a salary of $120,000 per year plus options to purchase 1.5 million shares of Trade’s common stock at an exercise price of $0.70 per share, with the options vesting ratably over four years.

During the latter half of 2013, while reviewing company records, Simons discovered evidence which he believed raised serious concerns regarding company expenditures, and serious law violations on Fox’s part. His review of records also led him to conclude that Fox had supplied him with false and misleading financial information upon which his compensation package was based. He concluded that Fox had overstated 2012 revenues by a factor of four, had drastically understated expenses, and some of the “strategic initiatives” and “technology investments” did not exist. Accordingly, he believed the equity component of his compensation was substantially overvalued at the time he accepted the offer of employment.

Believing that some of the alleged financial irregularities indicated potential violations of federal and state securities laws, Simons reported his concerns to Holdings’ Board. Simons also reported his concerns to the SEC. As a result, the Defendants took swift revenge and Simons was barred from his office, terminated as CEO by Trade, removed from Holding’s Board, terminated from his position as Executive Vice President of Holdings, and denied' both the delivery of his restricted stock and the right to exercise his fully’ vested options. As a result of the forgoing, Si-mons has filed a 14-Count Complaint. The Defendants have moved to dismiss six of the counts: Count II, Common Law Retaliation against Fox; Count IV, Common Law Fraud; Count V, Fraud under Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and Rule 10b—5; Count VI, Section 20(b) of the Act against Fox; Count VIII, Breach of Contract-Stock Option; and Count XII, Indemnification.

[878]*878The Defendants have also filed Counterclaims against Simons, alleging that, prior to Simons’ termination, he had been scheming to drive out existing senior management and take over the companies and once his scheme was thwarted, he set out to destroy the companies and set up a competing enterprise. His method was to access confidential company information in violation of his confidentiality agreement, and use the information, with deliberate indifference, to accuse executives, including Fox, of wrongdoing and to publish the information both inside and outside the companies, and specifically to publish to the companies’ investors and shareholders. He also sent his information to Ditto’s investment banker causing him to withdraw. He also contacted the PGA and gave it false information that prevented a relationship from developing. Then Si-mons sought to buy out Fox and other investors at discount prices. Failing to do so he began soliciting investors to fund a venture to compete with Ditto in violation of his non-compete agreement. The result of his actions was to diminish the value of Ditto. Count I of the Counterclaim alleges Breach of Fiduciary Duty; Count II, Breach of Confidentiality Agreement; Count III, Breach of Employment Agreement; Count IV, Tortious Interference with Prospective Economic Advantage; and Count V, Defamation. Simons has moved to dismiss each of these Counts.

II. DISCUSSION

A. Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss

First, Defendants move to dismiss Count II for retaliation. They contend that Fox was not Simons employer, but rather it was Ditto. Simons claims in response that where a dominant party controls a corporation and acts as its alter ego, that party can be held liable for the corporation’s tortious conduct, including wrongful termination. Under Illinois alter ego law, a plaintiff must plead both a unity of interest and ownership and facts which show that adherence to the fiction of a separate corporate existence would sanction a fraud or promote injustice. While Simons has pled unity of interest, he has failed to allege any facts that would show that failure to find an alter ego relationship would sanction a fraud or promote injustice, such as under capitalization which might make collection of a judgment difficult. Sea-Land, Services, Inc. v. Pepper Source, 941 F.2d 519 (7th Cir.1991).

Plaintiffs three fraud counts, IV, V, and VI, set forth a scenario in which Defendants lured him into an employment relationship with them by knowingly misrepresenting the company’s value and prospects, in order to entice him to accept equity in the form of stock options in lieu of cash salary, thus violating the securities laws and common law fraud.

In order to prove a securities fraud claim under Section 10(b), Rule lob-5, and Section 20(b), a plaintiff must plead facts showing that: (1) the defendant made a false statement or omission; (2) of a material fact (3) with scienter; (4) in connection with a purchase or sale of securities; (5) upon which the plaintiff justifiably relied; (6) and the false statement proximately caused the plaintiffs damages. Caremark, Inc. v. Coram Healthcare Corp., 113 F.3d 645, 648 (7th, Cir.1997). The pleadings of the fraud counts also require that the who, what, when, where and how of the alleged fraud. Id. The Defendants cláim that Simons failed to allege each of the required allegations for proof of fraud, and specifically with regard to the securities counts, fails to allege that any loss occurred with respect to the purchase or sale of stock. They also argue lack of plausibility as required by Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, [879]*879570, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 167 L.Ed.2d 929 (2007).

It seems to the Court that the Defendants have the better of the argument.

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Bluebook (online)
63 F. Supp. 3d 874, 2014 WL 3889022, 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 109601, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/simons-v-ditto-trade-inc-ilnd-2014.