Signature Healthcare, LLC v. Mary Farris, as Administratrix of the Estate of Shirley Mae Farrell
This text of Signature Healthcare, LLC v. Mary Farris, as Administratrix of the Estate of Shirley Mae Farrell (Signature Healthcare, LLC v. Mary Farris, as Administratrix of the Estate of Shirley Mae Farrell) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Kentucky primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.
Opinion
RENDERED: DECEMBER 10, 2021; 10:00 A.M. NOT TO BE PUBLISHED
Commonwealth of Kentucky Court of Appeals
NO. 2020-CA-1138-MR
SIGNATURE HEALTHCARE, LLC; E. JOSEPH STEIER; JEROME BISCHOFF; JJLA, LLC; JOHN HARRISON; LAS PALMAS SNF, LLC; LP LOUISVILLE HERR LANE, LLC, D/B/A SIGNATURE HEALTHCARE AT JEFFERSON PLACE REHAB AND WELLNESS CENTER; LPSNF, LLC; SANDRA ADAMS; SHC LP HOLDINGS, LLC; SIGNATURE HEALTHCARE CLINICAL CONSULTING SERVICES, LLC; SIGNATURE HEALTHCARE CONSULTING SERVICES, LLC; AND TIMOTHY TRAVIS APPELLANTS
APPEAL FROM JEFFERSON CIRCUIT COURT v. HONORABLE AUDRA J. ECKERLE, JUDGE ACTION NO. 19-CI-002524
MARY FARRIS, AS ADMINISTRATRIX OF THE ESTATE OF SHIRLEY MAE FARRELL APPELLEE OPINION AFFIRMING
** ** ** ** **
BEFORE: CLAYTON, CHIEF JUDGE; ACREE AND LAMBERT, JUDGES.
ACREE, JUDGE: Signature Healthcare appeals the Jefferson Circuit Court’s
August 21, 2021 opinion and order denying its motion to dismiss and compel
arbitration with Mary Farris. Signature contends the circuit court erred in denying
its motion because Farris had apparent authority to enter into the arbitration
agreement. Finding no error, we affirm.
BACKGROUND
Mary Farris is the niece and primary caregiver of Shirley Farrell.
Farris lived with Farrell for over thirty years, shared a bank account, signed
Farrell’s checks, drove Farrell where she needed to go, and assisted her in making
decisions. Yet, Farrell never granted Farris her power of attorney.
In 2018, Farrell fell down the steps in their home. After the fall,
Farris drove Farrell to the emergency room where she signed the admission
paperwork and consents for treatment on behalf of her aunt. The doctors
diagnosed Farrell with a rib fracture and admitted her to the hospital. Her doctors
discussed the need for rehabilitation. Ultimately, Farris and Farrell agreed she
needed to transfer to Jefferson Place to undergo rehabilitation.
-2- Prior to Farrell’s arrival at Jefferson Place, Farris signed and executed
the paperwork on behalf of her aunt. At the time of admission, she signed
numerous documents, one of which was an arbitration agreement. Some
documents Farris signed with “POA” following her name. However, the
arbitration agreement did not indicate Farris was Farrell’s attorney-in-fact.
Farris alleges that during Farrell’s time at Jefferson Place, she
developed a painful pressure ulcer that remained untreated, eventually became
septic, and caused Farrell’s death after being at Jefferson Place for only a month.
The caregivers at the facility charted care for Farrell as if the pressure ulcer did not
exist, raising an issue of false charting.
Farris, as the administratrix of Farrell’s estate, brought an action
against Signature Healthcare at Jefferson Place for claims of medical malpractice,
wrongful death, breach of contract, and various other causes of action. Signature
moved to dismiss the action and compel arbitration. It argued Farris had apparent
authority to sign the arbitration agreement; therefore, Signature claimed,
determination of the rights and obligations of the parties should be by arbitration
and not by the courts.
The circuit court found Farris did not have the apparent authority to
sign the arbitration agreement, nor did she have actual authority to bind Farrell to
-3- an arbitration agreement; therefore, the arbitration agreement is unenforceable.
This appeal followed.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
The issues raised by Signature on appeal are issues of law; therefore,
our review is de novo. Carroll v. Meredith, 59 S.W.3d 484, 489 (Ky. App. 2001).
ANALYSIS
Although Kentucky law generally favors enforcement of arbitration
agreements, Kodak Mining Company v. Carrs Fork Corporation, 669 S.W.2d 917,
919 (Ky. 1984), “the existence of a valid arbitration agreement as a threshold
matter must first be resolved by the court.” General Steel Corp. v. Collins, 196
S.W.3d 18, 20 (Ky. App. 2006) (emphasis omitted). The court must determine
whether an arbitration agreement is “valid, enforceable, and irrevocable, [based]
upon such grounds as exist at law for the revocation of any contract.” KRS1
417.050.
Signature argues Farris had the apparent authority to sign the
arbitration agreement on behalf of Farrell; therefore, it was entitled to rely on
Farris’ signature as binding on Farrell. Apparent authority “is not actual authority
but is the authority the agent is held out by the principal as possessing. It is a
matter of appearances on which third parties come to rely.” Mill Street Church of
1 Kentucky Revised Statutes.
-4- Christ v. Hogan, 785 S.W.2d 263, 267 (Ky. App. 1990). Signature argues that at
all relevant times, Farris repeatedly held herself out as the agent representing
Farrell. She signed multiple documents with “POA” and Farrell knew her niece
was acting on her behalf. Additionally, Farris and Farrell had a joint bank account,
signed the checks, and signed Farrell’s hospital admission paperwork.
This case is analogous to Kindred Nursing Centers Limited
Partnership v. Brown, 411 S.W.3d 242, 249 (Ky. App. 2011). In Brown, the
patient’s mother did not have a guardianship or power of attorney of the patient,
but she signed the paperwork for his admission to a nursing home. Included in that
paperwork was a document agreeing to arbitrate rather than to litigate any claims
against the nursing home. The trial court declined to enforce the arbitration
agreement, and this Court affirmed. As in the case before us, the decisive issue
was whether the patient’s mother had the authority to enter into an agreement
binding her son to arbitration. Here, we follow Brown and hold the niece did not
have the authority to bind her aunt to arbitration.
An arbitration agreement is a waiver of a constitutional guarantee to a
jury trial. U.S. CONST. amend. VII. As we have emphasized in past opinions, the
significance of waiving a constitutional right “cannot be compared to tasks such as
opening mail, paying bills, and depositing checks.” Diversicare Healthcare
Services, Inc. v. Higgins, No. 2014-CA-000601-MR, 2015 WL 509633, at *3 (Ky.
-5- App. Feb. 6, 2015), discretionary review denied (Dec. 10, 2015). Signature had no
prior course of dealings with Farris and Farrell such that a reliance on the former’s
apparent authority might be justified. Again, we emphasize that “[a]pparent
authority . . . is the authority the agent is held out by the principal as possessing.”
Mill Street Church, 785 S.W.2d at 267. Farrell did nothing to hold out Farris as
her agent. Farrell was not even present when Farris signed the documents upon
which Signature bases its argument.
Additionally, when Farris signed the arbitration agreement, she did
not “check” a box to indicate she possessed Farrell’s power of attorney, nor did she
indicate “POA” after her name. There was no evidence that Farris, or Signature,
informed Farrell that she was waiving her right to a jury trial, or that Farrell knew
the arbitration agreement was part of the admission packet.
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Signature Healthcare, LLC v. Mary Farris, as Administratrix of the Estate of Shirley Mae Farrell, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/signature-healthcare-llc-v-mary-farris-as-administratrix-of-the-estate-kyctapp-2021.