Siegal v. Merrick

84 F.R.D. 106, 1979 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 8977
CourtDistrict Court, S.D. New York
DecidedOctober 24, 1979
DocketNos. 74 Civ. 2475, 74 Civ. 2630
StatusPublished
Cited by15 cases

This text of 84 F.R.D. 106 (Siegal v. Merrick) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, S.D. New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Siegal v. Merrick, 84 F.R.D. 106, 1979 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 8977 (S.D.N.Y. 1979).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM OPINION

MOTLEY, District Judge.

On August 31, 1979, this court issued an opinion and accompanying order providing that proposed intervenor Lucker would “have twenty days from the date of this order to make a demand on the current board of directors of Fox [defendant Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corp.], in compliance with Rule 23.1, Fed.R.Civ.P., or state in detail his reasons for not doing so.” The court’s order further provided that if the proposed intervenor “fails to comply with this order, or if the court finds that the reasons he gives are insufficient to excuse demand on the directors, then his motion to intervene will be denied with prejudice. In that event, these consolidated actions will be dismissed.”

In a letter dated September 17, 1979, the proposed intervenor informed the court that he had made a demand upon the board of directors of Fox; the proposed intervenor requested permission to file an amended complaint in order that his application to intervene might be granted. On September 18, 1979, the court granted the proposed intervenor’s motion for leave to file an amended complaint. On September 21, 1979, the proposed intervenor filed his amended complaint.

In a letter dated September 25, 1979, defendant Fox requested that the court recall its order dated September 18, 1979, which had granted the proposed intervenor leave to amend. The court construed the [108]*108letter as a motion to vacate its order of September 18, 1979. Oral argument was heard on October 19, 1979.

Following oral argument on October 19, 1979, this court entered the following order:

The motion to vacate this court’s order of September 18, 1979 allowing intervenor Lucker to file an amended complaint in accordance with this court’s opinion and order of August 31, 1979 is granted. Intervenor is allowed until November 30, 1979 to file a revised amended complaint after a response to his demand has been acted upon by the Board. Brief memorandum opinion will follow.

In accordance with the October 19, 1979, order, the memorandum opinion herein is issued.

Defendant Fox has advanced three arguments in support of its motion to vacate the order of September 18, 1979, which granted the proposed intervenor’s motion for leave to file an amended complaint. First, it is argued, the amended complaint of proposed intervenor Lucker is insufficient as a matter of law because it does not allege what response to Lucker’s demand was made by the “Special Review Committee” of defendant Fox. Second, it is argued, the amended complaint is insufficient as a matter of law because it does not satisfactorily allege an excuse for the fact that no demand has been made upon the Fox shareholders to bring this action. Third, it is argued, the proposed intervenor failed to give notice of his motion for leave to file an amended complaint, in violation of Rules 5(a), 6(d), and 6(e) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.

Without deciding upon the merits of defendant Fox’s other arguments in support of its motion to vacate, this court concludes that the amended complaint should not be accepted by the court at this time, as it does not allege what response to proposed intervenor’s demand was made by the Special Review Committee.

Rule 23.1 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure provides that in a derivative action brought by one or more shareholders “[t]he complaint shall . . . allege with particularity the efforts, if any, made by the plaintiff to obtain the action he desires from the directors or comparable authority and, if necessary, from the shareholders or members, and the reasons for his failure to obtain the action for not making the effort.”

The purpose of this demand requirement of Rule 23.1 is “to give the derivative corporation itself the opportunity to take over a suit which was brought on its behalf in the first place, and thus to allow the directors the chance to occupy their normal status as conductors of the corporation’s affairs.” Brody v. Chemical Bank (Brody II), 517 F.2d 932, 934 (2d Cir. 1975). Thus, the underlying policy is that “[t]he federal courts should not interfere in the matters of private corporations, nor should they sanction the interference by shareholders with the duties of the board of directors unless it is clear that the board has no intention of taking appropriate action.” Brooks v. American Export Industries, Inc., 68 F.R.D. 506, 510 (S.D.N.Y.1975).

In light of the policy underlying Rule 23.1, it is clear that a party may not satisfy the demand requirement by alleging the making of a demand, without alleging what response, if any, was made thereto by the directors. To allow a party to satisfy the demand requirement without stating the response of the directors would be wholly at odds with Rule 23.1’s purpose of giving the corporation an opportunity to take over a suit brought on its behalf. Unless a party bringing a derivative action alleges what response, if any, was made by the directors, it cannot be clear that the directors have no intention of taking appropriate action.

Thus, the principle that a party seeking to bring a derivative action must include in his allegations a statement of the directors’ response has been well-established since the Supreme Court’s holding in Hawes v. Oakland, 104 U.S. 450, 26 L.Ed. 827 (1881). In Hawes, a minority stockholder sought to bring a derivative action five days after he had made a written demand upon the board of directors to sue, and before the board of [109]*109directors had responded. The Court affirmed the lower court’s dismissal of the complaint, stating:

[I]t is equally important that before the shareholder is permitted in his own name to institute and cpnduct a litigation which usually belongs to the corporation, he should show to the satisfaction of the court that he has exhausted all the means within his reach to obtain, within the corporation itself, the redress of his grievances, or action in conformity to his wishes. He must make an earnest, not a simulated effort, with the managing body of the corporation, to induce remedial action on their part, and this must be made apparent to the court. .
It is needless to say that appellant’s bill presents no such case as we have here supposed to be necessary to the jurisdiction of the court.
He merely avers that he requested the president and directors to desist from furnishing water free of expense to the city, except in case of fire or other great necessity, and that they declined to do as he requested. No correspondence on the subject is given. No reason for declining. We have here no allegation of a meeting of the directors, in which the matter was formally laid before them for their action. But within five days after his application to the directors this bill is filed. There is no allegation of fraud or acts ultra vires, or of destruction of property, or of irremedial injury of any kind.

Id. at 460-61.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
84 F.R.D. 106, 1979 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 8977, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/siegal-v-merrick-nysd-1979.