Sharff v. Tanner

486 So. 2d 1047
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedApril 2, 1986
Docket17639-CA
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 486 So. 2d 1047 (Sharff v. Tanner) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Sharff v. Tanner, 486 So. 2d 1047 (La. Ct. App. 1986).

Opinion

486 So.2d 1047 (1986)

Elizabeth Robinson SHARFF, Appellee,
v.
David Daniel TANNER, Appellant.

No. 17639-CA.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Second Circuit.

April 2, 1986.

*1048 Donald E. Miller, Shreveport, for appellant.

Waddell, Irvin & Thomas by R. Lee Irvin, Shreveport, for appellee.

Before HALL, NORRIS and LINDSAY, JJ.

NORRIS, Judge.

Defendant, David Daniel Tanner, appeals the trial court's entry of a default judgment declaring him the biological father of a minor child and ordering him to pay $250 per month child support. On appeal, he asserts four assignments of error. For reasons expressed we affirm.

On May 9, 1985, plaintiff, Elizabeth Robinson Sharff, filed suit to have defendant declared the father of the minor child, Joseph Daniel Sharff, born to her on March 28, 1985. She also sought child support from the defendant in the amount of $250 *1049 per month and prayed to have the child's name changed to Joseph Daniel Tanner.

On May 13, 1985 pursuant to LSA-R.S. 13:4752 a copy of plaintiff's petition was served on Paul Carmouche, Caddo Parish district attorney. On May 14, 1985, another copy of the petition was allegedly personally served on the defendant, David Daniel Tanner. However, the sheriff's return of service indicates that the copy was served on a James Daniel Tanner. It cannot be determined from the record whether the return contained a typographical error or whether James Daniel Tanner and the defendant are the same person.

On June 21, 1985, over one month after service, plaintiff moved for and was granted a preliminary default. The confirmation hearing was held on June 26, 1985. On that same day the district attorney filed a document entitled an "answer," stating that he had no objection to the proposed name change.

At the confirmation hearing, Ms. Sharff testified that she and the defendant were living together and having relations at the time the baby was conceived. She further testified that she was not having relations with any other men during this time and that no one else could be the father of the child. This testimony was then corroborated by plaintiff's witness, Bonnie Moss. Ms. Sharff further testified that in her presence, prior to the child's birth, defendant told his grandmother that he was the father of the child and that defendant had never denied his paternity of the child to plaintiff. Counsel for Ms. Sharff also introduced affidavits of income and expenses for her and the child to establish her need for child support.

Prior to entering judgment the trial court was advised of the so-called "answer" filed by the district attorney. The trial court entered judgment finding Ms. Sharff had produced sufficient proof of paternity and decreeing the defendant to be the biological father of the minor child. The trial court also ordered the defendant to pay $250 per month in child support and ordered the child's name changed to Joseph Daniel Tanner.

From this default judgment, defendant appeals asserting four assignments of error.

DISCUSSION

ASSIGNMENT NO. 1

In his first assignment of error defendant contends the trial judge erred in finding the evidence presented sufficient to establish his paternity. LSA-C.C.P. art. 1702 requires that a default judgment must be confirmed by proof sufficient to establish a prima facie case. This means that in securing a default judgment the plaintiff must prove all the essential allegations of his petition as fully as if they had been denied. Allen v. Brandt, 438 So.2d 712 (La.App. 2d Cir.1983). Under LSA-C.C. art. 209, proof of filiation to an alleged living parent must be made by a "preponderance of the evidence." This standard requires that the evidence, taken as a whole, must show that the fact or cause sought to be proven is more probable than not. State v. Essex, 427 So.2d 71 (La.App. 4th Cir.1983), writ denied 430 So.2d 82 (La. 1983).

In State Through Dept. of Health v. Williams, 471 So.2d 1064 (La.App. 3d Cir. 1985), a trial court's finding of paternity was held to satisfy proof by a preponderance, where the record established that it was likely that the child was conceived during the time the mother and father had sexual relations; and where the mother testified that she did not have sex with any other men during the time of conception.

In State v. Watson, 403 So.2d 1249 (La. App. 2d Cir.1981), sufficient proof of paternity was provided when the mother testified that she dated the alleged father exclusively for more than one year immediately preceeding the birth of the child; that she had no other sexual relations during the time of conception, and her testimony was substantially corroborated by other witnesses.

*1050 In the instant case defendant argues the plaintiff failed to prove the necessary elements of paternity. In making this argument, defendant quotes portions of the testimony out of context and attempts to construe them in his favor. For example, defendant contends that the plaintiff never testified that she had sexual relations with him. He argues that the plaintiff merely testified that she had "relations" with him and this could refer to many variable types of "relations" from social to business. Defendant also contends the plaintiff never specifically testified that the defendant was the father of the child; that plaintiff only testified that "David Tanner" was the father and this was not shown to be the same David Daniel Tanner as defendant; and finally that plaintiff never specifically testified that defendant was the father of "Joseph Daniel," the minor child. These arguments are without merit. In reviewing the validity of factual findings such as this, an appellate court should look to the record as a whole. State Through Department of Health v. Williams, supra. Here, the record reveals that Mrs. Sharff expressly testified that she lived with defendant during 1984 and had "relations" with him at the time of conception; that she did not have relations with any other men during this time; that no one else could be the father of the child and that "David Tanner" was the father of the child. Viewing this testimony in its proper context, we find it sufficiently establishes that the plaintiff and defendant were living together and having sexual relations at the time of the child's conception, that plaintiff had no other sexual relations during this time and that plaintiff is positive that defendant is the father of the child. Any other interpretation strains one's common sense.

Defendant next argues that the testimony shows that the plaintiff had a husband and that no evidence was adduced to show that the marriage had terminated. At the confirmation hearing the following colloquy occurred:

Q. Have you had any contact with your husband or with David Tanner since the birth of the child?
A. Yes.

Appellee points out in brief that the mention of the word "husband" was inadvertent and that trial counsel immediately attempted to clarify the mistake by adding the defendant's name to the question. Considering the testimony as a whole, we find appellee's construction of the testimony to be the more accurate one. While counsel could have more carefully framed his question, Ms. Sharff and the trial judge obviously realized that counsel's question referred solely to the defendant. This is reflected in the very next question and answer:

Q. Has he ever denied that the child is his?
A. Not to me.

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Bluebook (online)
486 So. 2d 1047, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/sharff-v-tanner-lactapp-1986.