1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 LAVERNA SHANNON, individually, Case No. 19-cv-1101-BAS-JLB and on behalf of other employees similarly 12 situated and in a representative capacity, ORDER GRANTING MOTION FOR 13 ATTORNEY’S FEES AND COSTS Plaintiff, (ECF No. 20) 14 v. 15 SHERWOOD MANAGEMENT CO., 16 INC., and DOES 1–10, 17 Defendants. 18 19 Plaintiff Laverna Shannon filed this employment class action against Defendants 20 Sherwood Management Co., Inc. and Does 1–10. Now before the Court is Plaintiff’s 21 unopposed motion for attorney’s fees and costs. (ECF No. 20.) The Court held a fairness 22 hearing for the parties’ class action settlement on October 5, 2020. For the following 23 reasons, the Court GRANTS Plaintiff’s motion. 24 I. BACKGROUND 25 Plaintiff filed this employment class action against Defendants on April 15, 2019, in 26 state court, raising twenty-one state law claims against Defendants. (ECF No. 1-2.) 27 Defendants removed the case to federal court on June 12, 2019, under the Class Action 28 Fairness Act of 2005, 28 U.S.C. §§ 1332(d), 1453. (ECF No. 1.) On September 6, 2019, 1 the parties notified the Court that they reached a settlement on a class action basis 2 (“Settlement”). (ECF No. 10.) Under the Settlement, Sherwood will deposit $450,000 into 3 a settlement fund, and a minimum of $250,000 will be distributed to the class members 4 participating in the Settlement (“Class Recovery”). (Settlement Agreement1 § 8.) To Class 5 Counsel, a maximum of $135,000, equivalent to 30% of the settlement amount, will be 6 distributed as attorney’s fees, and a maximum of $20,000 as costs. (Id.) To class action 7 settlement administrator (“Settlement Administrator”), a maximum of $20,000 will be 8 distributed as settlement administration expenses. (Id.) The State of California will receive 9 $22,500 as its share allocated for settlement of the PAGA claims. (Id.) Plaintiff will 10 receive a maximum of $2,500 as a service payment for the class representative. (Id.) If 11 the Court approves less than the maximum amounts for distribution that are not for Class 12 Recovery, the unapproved and awarded sums will be added to the Class Recovery and will 13 not revert to Sherwood. The Court preliminarily approved the proposed Settlement on 14 May 12, 2020. (Prelim. Order, ECF No. 18.) 15 Plaintiff filed the present motion for attorney fees and costs on June 29, 2020. (ECF 16 No. 20.) Class Counsel seeks $135,000 in attorney’s fees and $8,170.31 in costs. (Id.) 17 The Settlement Administrator separately seeks $20,000 in expenses for administering a 18 class composed of 2,030 members, out of which 2,027 are participating in the settlement 19 (“Settlement Members”). (Garrido Decl. at ¶ 17, ECF No. 21-4.) Thus, if the Court grants 20 Plaintiff’s motion and these expenses and the payment to the State are deducted from the 21 $450,000 common fund, $261,829.69 will be distributed as Class Recovery, resulting in an 22 average payment of $129.17 to each participating Settlement Member, with the highest 23 payment estimated at $404.12. (Garrido Decl. at ¶¶ 15–16.) 24 \\ 25 \\ 26 \\ 27
28 1 II. LEGAL STANDARD 2 Courts have an independent obligation to ensure that the amounts requested for 3 attorneys’ fees and any class representative service award, like the settlement, are 4 reasonable. In re Bluetooth Headsets Prods. Liab. Litig., 654 F.3d 935, 941 (9th Cir. 5 2011). Where a settlement produces a common fund for the benefit of the entire class, 6 courts have the discretion to employ a “percentage-of-recovery method.” Id. at 942. 7 Typically, courts calculate 25% of the fund as a “benchmark” for a reasonable fee award. 8 Id. Injunctive relief should generally be excluded from the value of the common fund 9 when calculating attorneys’ fees because most often the value of the injunctive relief is 10 not measurable. Staton v. Boeing Co., 327 F.3d 938, 945–46 (9th Cir. 2003). 11 “The 25% benchmark rate, although a starting point for the analysis, may be 12 inappropriate in some cases.” Vizcaino v. Microsoft Corp., 290 F.3d 1043, 1047 (9th Cir. 13 2002). Thus, courts are encouraged to cross-check this method by employing the 14 “lodestar method” as well. In re Bluetooth, 654 F.3d at 949. 15 In the “lodestar method,” the court multiplies the number of hours the prevailing 16 party reasonably expended by a reasonable hourly rate for the work. In re Bluetooth, 654 17 F.3d at 941. The hourly rate may be adjusted for the experience of the attorney. Id. The 18 resulting amount is “presumptively reasonable.” Id. at 949. However, “the district court 19 . . . should exclude from the initial fee calculation hours that were not ‘reasonably 20 expended.’” Sorenson v. Mink, 239 F.3d 1140, 1146 (9th Cir. 2001) (quoting Hensley v. 21 Eckerhart., 401 U.S. 424, 433–34 (1983)). The court may then adjust this presumptively 22 reasonable amount upward or downward by an appropriate positive or negative multiplier 23 reflecting a whole host of reasonableness factors including the quality of the 24 representation, the complexity and novelty of the issues, the risk of nonpayment, and, 25 foremost in considerations, the benefit achieved for the class. In re Bluetooth, 654 F.3d 26 at 942. 27 \\ 28 \\ 1 III. ANALYSIS 2 A. Attorney’s Fees 3 1. Vizcaino Factors 4 Plaintiff seeks approval for an award of $135,000 in attorneys’ fees. Plaintiff argues 5 that the requested amount is reasonable under both the percentage-of-recovery method and 6 the lodestar method. (Pl.’s Mem. Supp. Mot. Atty’s Fees and Costs, ECF No. 20-1 at 9.) 7 Under the percentage-of-recovery method, the court has discretion “to award attorneys a 8 percentage of the common fund.” In re Bluetooth, 654 F.3d at 942. In determining this 9 percentage, courts consider a number of factors including (1) the result achieved, (2) the 10 risk of litigation, (3) the skill required and the quality of work, (4) the contingent nature of 11 the fee, and (5) awards made in similar cases. See Vizcaino, 290 F.3d at 1048–50. Here, 12 Plaintiff is seeking $135,000 in fees, which amounts to 30% of the $450,000 common fund. 13 This percentage is higher than the 25% benchmark for a reasonable fee award, but it is 14 within “20–30%,” which is “the usual range.” See id. at 1047. 15 Further, upon considering the factors that influence the percentage-of-recovery 16 method, the Court finds awarding 30% of the fund is reasonable in this case. See Vizcaino, 17 290 F.3d at 1048–50. The result achieved for the class is “the most critical factor in 18 granting a fee award.” In re Omnivision Techs., Inc., 559 F. Supp. 2d 1036, 1046 (N.D. 19 Cal. 2008). The settlement amount is 15% of the estimated potential recovery, and no class 20 member objected to the settlement terms. (Prelim. Order at 17; Garrido Decl. at ¶ 12.) The 21 average individual settlement share is $129.17, and the largest award is estimated at 22 $404.12, with Defendant bearing the burden of paying payroll taxes. (Garrido Decl. at 23 ¶ 16; Settlement Agreement § 8.) Given the monetary relief secured for the class, this 24 factor weighs in favor of the requested 30% in fees. 25 The risk that further litigation might result in no recovery is a significant factor in 26 assessing the attorney’s fees. In re Omnivision Techs., 559 F. Supp. 2d at 1046–47.
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 LAVERNA SHANNON, individually, Case No. 19-cv-1101-BAS-JLB and on behalf of other employees similarly 12 situated and in a representative capacity, ORDER GRANTING MOTION FOR 13 ATTORNEY’S FEES AND COSTS Plaintiff, (ECF No. 20) 14 v. 15 SHERWOOD MANAGEMENT CO., 16 INC., and DOES 1–10, 17 Defendants. 18 19 Plaintiff Laverna Shannon filed this employment class action against Defendants 20 Sherwood Management Co., Inc. and Does 1–10. Now before the Court is Plaintiff’s 21 unopposed motion for attorney’s fees and costs. (ECF No. 20.) The Court held a fairness 22 hearing for the parties’ class action settlement on October 5, 2020. For the following 23 reasons, the Court GRANTS Plaintiff’s motion. 24 I. BACKGROUND 25 Plaintiff filed this employment class action against Defendants on April 15, 2019, in 26 state court, raising twenty-one state law claims against Defendants. (ECF No. 1-2.) 27 Defendants removed the case to federal court on June 12, 2019, under the Class Action 28 Fairness Act of 2005, 28 U.S.C. §§ 1332(d), 1453. (ECF No. 1.) On September 6, 2019, 1 the parties notified the Court that they reached a settlement on a class action basis 2 (“Settlement”). (ECF No. 10.) Under the Settlement, Sherwood will deposit $450,000 into 3 a settlement fund, and a minimum of $250,000 will be distributed to the class members 4 participating in the Settlement (“Class Recovery”). (Settlement Agreement1 § 8.) To Class 5 Counsel, a maximum of $135,000, equivalent to 30% of the settlement amount, will be 6 distributed as attorney’s fees, and a maximum of $20,000 as costs. (Id.) To class action 7 settlement administrator (“Settlement Administrator”), a maximum of $20,000 will be 8 distributed as settlement administration expenses. (Id.) The State of California will receive 9 $22,500 as its share allocated for settlement of the PAGA claims. (Id.) Plaintiff will 10 receive a maximum of $2,500 as a service payment for the class representative. (Id.) If 11 the Court approves less than the maximum amounts for distribution that are not for Class 12 Recovery, the unapproved and awarded sums will be added to the Class Recovery and will 13 not revert to Sherwood. The Court preliminarily approved the proposed Settlement on 14 May 12, 2020. (Prelim. Order, ECF No. 18.) 15 Plaintiff filed the present motion for attorney fees and costs on June 29, 2020. (ECF 16 No. 20.) Class Counsel seeks $135,000 in attorney’s fees and $8,170.31 in costs. (Id.) 17 The Settlement Administrator separately seeks $20,000 in expenses for administering a 18 class composed of 2,030 members, out of which 2,027 are participating in the settlement 19 (“Settlement Members”). (Garrido Decl. at ¶ 17, ECF No. 21-4.) Thus, if the Court grants 20 Plaintiff’s motion and these expenses and the payment to the State are deducted from the 21 $450,000 common fund, $261,829.69 will be distributed as Class Recovery, resulting in an 22 average payment of $129.17 to each participating Settlement Member, with the highest 23 payment estimated at $404.12. (Garrido Decl. at ¶¶ 15–16.) 24 \\ 25 \\ 26 \\ 27
28 1 II. LEGAL STANDARD 2 Courts have an independent obligation to ensure that the amounts requested for 3 attorneys’ fees and any class representative service award, like the settlement, are 4 reasonable. In re Bluetooth Headsets Prods. Liab. Litig., 654 F.3d 935, 941 (9th Cir. 5 2011). Where a settlement produces a common fund for the benefit of the entire class, 6 courts have the discretion to employ a “percentage-of-recovery method.” Id. at 942. 7 Typically, courts calculate 25% of the fund as a “benchmark” for a reasonable fee award. 8 Id. Injunctive relief should generally be excluded from the value of the common fund 9 when calculating attorneys’ fees because most often the value of the injunctive relief is 10 not measurable. Staton v. Boeing Co., 327 F.3d 938, 945–46 (9th Cir. 2003). 11 “The 25% benchmark rate, although a starting point for the analysis, may be 12 inappropriate in some cases.” Vizcaino v. Microsoft Corp., 290 F.3d 1043, 1047 (9th Cir. 13 2002). Thus, courts are encouraged to cross-check this method by employing the 14 “lodestar method” as well. In re Bluetooth, 654 F.3d at 949. 15 In the “lodestar method,” the court multiplies the number of hours the prevailing 16 party reasonably expended by a reasonable hourly rate for the work. In re Bluetooth, 654 17 F.3d at 941. The hourly rate may be adjusted for the experience of the attorney. Id. The 18 resulting amount is “presumptively reasonable.” Id. at 949. However, “the district court 19 . . . should exclude from the initial fee calculation hours that were not ‘reasonably 20 expended.’” Sorenson v. Mink, 239 F.3d 1140, 1146 (9th Cir. 2001) (quoting Hensley v. 21 Eckerhart., 401 U.S. 424, 433–34 (1983)). The court may then adjust this presumptively 22 reasonable amount upward or downward by an appropriate positive or negative multiplier 23 reflecting a whole host of reasonableness factors including the quality of the 24 representation, the complexity and novelty of the issues, the risk of nonpayment, and, 25 foremost in considerations, the benefit achieved for the class. In re Bluetooth, 654 F.3d 26 at 942. 27 \\ 28 \\ 1 III. ANALYSIS 2 A. Attorney’s Fees 3 1. Vizcaino Factors 4 Plaintiff seeks approval for an award of $135,000 in attorneys’ fees. Plaintiff argues 5 that the requested amount is reasonable under both the percentage-of-recovery method and 6 the lodestar method. (Pl.’s Mem. Supp. Mot. Atty’s Fees and Costs, ECF No. 20-1 at 9.) 7 Under the percentage-of-recovery method, the court has discretion “to award attorneys a 8 percentage of the common fund.” In re Bluetooth, 654 F.3d at 942. In determining this 9 percentage, courts consider a number of factors including (1) the result achieved, (2) the 10 risk of litigation, (3) the skill required and the quality of work, (4) the contingent nature of 11 the fee, and (5) awards made in similar cases. See Vizcaino, 290 F.3d at 1048–50. Here, 12 Plaintiff is seeking $135,000 in fees, which amounts to 30% of the $450,000 common fund. 13 This percentage is higher than the 25% benchmark for a reasonable fee award, but it is 14 within “20–30%,” which is “the usual range.” See id. at 1047. 15 Further, upon considering the factors that influence the percentage-of-recovery 16 method, the Court finds awarding 30% of the fund is reasonable in this case. See Vizcaino, 17 290 F.3d at 1048–50. The result achieved for the class is “the most critical factor in 18 granting a fee award.” In re Omnivision Techs., Inc., 559 F. Supp. 2d 1036, 1046 (N.D. 19 Cal. 2008). The settlement amount is 15% of the estimated potential recovery, and no class 20 member objected to the settlement terms. (Prelim. Order at 17; Garrido Decl. at ¶ 12.) The 21 average individual settlement share is $129.17, and the largest award is estimated at 22 $404.12, with Defendant bearing the burden of paying payroll taxes. (Garrido Decl. at 23 ¶ 16; Settlement Agreement § 8.) Given the monetary relief secured for the class, this 24 factor weighs in favor of the requested 30% in fees. 25 The risk that further litigation might result in no recovery is a significant factor in 26 assessing the attorney’s fees. In re Omnivision Techs., 559 F. Supp. 2d at 1046–47. As 27 the Court previously found, given that there was a prior class action settlement involving 28 Defendant and that Defendant’s motion to dismiss, motion to strike pleading, and other 1 dispositive motions down the road each presented risk of no recovery, the Court finds that 2 there was a risk of no recovery with further litigation. (Prelim. Order at 16.) This factor 3 weighs in favor of awarding the requested 15% in fees. 4 The Court also considers the skills required to prosecute and manage this litigation, 5 as well as Class Counsel’s overall performance. Although the parties reached the 6 Settlement at an early stage, the parties exchanged some information including “detailed 7 statistical data” about Class Members. (Prelim. Order at 18.) Class Counsel represents 8 that the issues presented in this case included “several complex wage and hour issues of 9 first impression.” (Pl.’s Mem. Supp. Mot., ECF No. 20-1 at 11.) The Court finds that this 10 factor is neutral, at minimum. 11 Class Counsel undertook the representation solely on a contingent basis. (Counsel 12 Decl., ECF No. 20-2 at ¶ 26.) Class Counsel represents that class certification would have 13 been a hard-fought issue, in addition to issues of liability and damages. (Pl.’s Mem. Supp. 14 Mot., ECF No. 20-1 at 16.) At the same time, the settlement was reached within three 15 months of removal to federal court. Taking into consideration other settlements reached 16 after a more prolonged period of litigation, the Court finds that this factor is neutral. See, 17 e.g., Contreras v. Worldwide Flight Servs., Inc., No. CV 18-6036 PSG (SSX), 2020 WL 18 2083017, at *6 (C.D. Cal. Apr. 1, 2020) (finding the factor to be in favor of upward 19 departure from the 25% benchmark rate where the class counsel, who was retained on a 20 contingent basis, spent two years in the litigation and advanced more than $43,000 in 21 litigation costs). 22 Fees approved in similar cases are consistent with the requested 30% award in this 23 case. See, e.g., Contreras, 2020 WL 2083017, at *6 (collecting cases awarding attorneys’ 24 fees amounting to more than 30 percent of the common fund in wage and hour class action 25 settlements). This factor weighs in favor of granting the requested 30% in fees. 26 The Court concludes that the request for attorney’s fees is reasonable in 27 consideration of the Vizcaino factors. 28 \\ 1 2. Lodestar Method 2 The Ninth Circuit encourages district courts to cross-check their conclusions under 3 the percentage-of-recovery method with the lodestar method, or vice versa. In re 4 Bluetooth, 654 F.3d at 944–45. Under the lodestar method, “the district court must 5 calculate the lodestar figure based on the number of hours reasonably expended on the 6 litigation, adjusting the figure to account for the degree of success class counsel attained, 7 along with other factors.” Id. at 944. 8 Here, having reviewed class counsel’s declarations (ECF Nos. 20-2, 21-2), the Court 9 calculates the lodestar figure to be approximately $152,352, which results from multiplying 10 220.80 hours by an hourly rate of $650. This figure assumes that class counsel incurred 11 the reasonable number of hours they forecasted to expend between the filing of this motion 12 and the final approval hearing. The hourly rate of $650 is reasonable, based on Class 13 Counsel’s more than 20 years of experience in employment and labor law, including her 14 experience litigating class actions, and the Court’s familiarity with the rates charged by 15 other firms in the San Diego area. Cf. Hartless v. Clorox Co., 273 F.R.D. 630, 644 (S.D. 16 Cal. 2011) (approving hourly rates that ranged from $575 to $795 per hour for plaintiff’s 17 counsel in a class action based on the prevailing market rates in San Diego). 18 To reach $135,000, the Court would need to apply a negative multiplier of 0.89 to 19 the $152,352 lodestar. The negative multiplier suggests that the requested fee award is 20 reasonable. See Carlin v. DairyAmerica, Inc., 380 F. Supp. 3d 998, 1023 (E.D. Cal. 2019) 21 (collecting cases). 22 Accordingly, because the percentage-of-recovery method demonstrates that the 23 requested fee award is reasonable, and the lodestar method confirms this conclusion, the 24 Court grants Plaintiff’s request for $135,000 in attorney’s fees. 25 B. Costs 26 Plaintiff also seeks reimbursement of litigation costs on class counsel’s behalf. 27 “Class Counsel are entitled to reimbursement of the out-of-pocket costs that they 28 reasonably incurred investigating and prosecuting [the] case.” Couser v. Comenity Bank, 1 || 125 F. Supp. 3d 1034, 1049 (S.D. Cal. 2015). Here, Class Counsel have incurred $8,170.31 2 costs. (Counsel Decl., ECF No. 21-2 at § 33.) Most of the costs were incurred to pay 3 || for mediation and court fees. (Counsel Decl., ECF No. 20-2 at 434.) The Court finds that 4 ||class counsel reasonably incurred the out-of-pocket costs in connection with this litigation 5 that the costs were advanced by counsel for the benefit of the class members. 6 || Accordingly, the Court grants Plaintiffs request for $8,170.31 in costs. 7 ||IV. CONCLUSION 8 For the reasons stated above, the Court grants Plaintiff’s motion for attorney’s fees 9 costs. (ECF No. 20.) The Court awards Plaintiff $135,000 in attorney’s fees and 10 || $8,170.31 in costs. 1] IT IS SO ORDERED. 12 13 || DATED: October 5, 2020 Lin A (Ayphan 6 14 United States District Judge 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28