IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON
SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL, No. 78536-2-1 Appellant, DIVISION ONE V. UNPUBLISHED OPINION BONNIE RICE,
Respondent. FILED: August 5, 2019
APPELWICK, C.J. — In December 2017, the Board adopted an industrial
appeals judge's proposed decision and order, denying the Hospital's petition for
review of that order. Four days later, the Hospital filed a CR 60(a) motion to correct
a clerical error in the order. The Board denied the Hospital's motion over 30 days
later. The Hospital then appealed the Board's decision and order to the King
County Superior Court. The trial court found that the Hospital's appeal was not
filed within the time required by the Industrial Insurance Act,' and dismissed the
appeal for lack of subject matter jurisdiction and failure to state a claim. We affirm.
FACTS
While working as an executive assistant at Seattle Children's Hospital
(Hospital) in 2015, Bonnie Rice fell twice, injuring her left and right knees. Rice
filed two workers' compensation claims with the Department of Labor and
Industries (Department).
I Title 51 RCW. No. 78536-2-1/2
In August 2016, the Department issued an order closing Rice's left knee
claim with medical benefits. In November 2016, the Department issued two more
orders relating to Rice's right knee claim. First, it segregated Rice's right knee
osteoarthritis as not caused or aggravated by the industrial injury, and denied the
Hospital's responsibility for a right knee total replacement surgery. Second, it
segregated her right knee degenerative medial meniscus tear, and closed the
claim without permanent partial disability.
The Hospital appealed the Department's August 2016 order to the Board of
Industrial Insurance Appeals (Board), seeking to add a provision that would (1)
allow Rice's claim "only for a left knee sprain," and (2) segregate four left knee
conditions.2 Rice appealed the Department's two November 2016 orders to the
Board. The parties agreed to consolidate the appeals.
On October 10, 2017, an industrial appeals judge (IAJ) issued a proposed
decision and order (PD&O) reversing and remanding the Department's three
orders. The IAJ directed the Department to affirm the closure of Rice's left knee
claim, but to segregate four left knee conditions. The IAJ did not direct the
Department to allow Rice's claim "only for a left knee sprain." The IAJ also found
that Rice's right knee osteoarthritis was proximately caused or aggravated by the
industrial injury, and that the Hospital was responsible for a total right knee
replacement. As a result, the IAJ reversed the closure of Rice's right knee claim.
On November 21, 2017, the Hospital filed a petition for review of the PD&O
with the Board. The Hospital argued in part that "[c]onclusion of Maw number five
2 Rice initially appealed this order as well, but later dismissed the appeal.
2 No. 78536-2-1/3
should be amended to include claim allowance for left knee strain." On December
11, 2017, the Board denied the Hospital's petition for review, and the PD&O
became the Board's decision and order.
Four days later, on December 15,the Hospital filed a motion for amendment
of judgment and relief from an order pursuant to CR 60(a). In its motion, it argued
that, "[b]ased on the Mindings of [f]act and the Board's discussion, it is clear that
the Board's intended decision was that the claimant's August 24, 2015 injury
resulted in a left knee strain only." It asserted that amending the decision and
order to add language reflecting that Rice's injury resulted in a left knee strain
"would accurately reflect the Board's intention as expressed in its decision and by
the underlying record." The Hospital characterized the Board's omission of that
language as "merely a clerical error rather than a judicial error," and stated that the
Board could correct the error through an amended decision and order.
On January 19, 2018, the Board denied the Hospital's motion. In doing so,
it explained, "We considered this issue and the employer's argument in our
consideration of the [p]etition for Neview. Our decision to deny the [p]etition for
[r]eview was not the result of a clerical mistake, but a conscious decision of the
Board." The Hospital then appealed to the King County Superior Court (1) the
December 2017 decision and order, and (2) the January 2018 order denying its
CR 60(a) motion. It filed its appeal on January 25, 2018, 45 days after the Board
denied its petition for review and adopted the PD&O as its decision and order.
On April 17, 2018, Rice filed a motion to dismiss the Hospital's appeal of
the decision and order for lack ofjurisdiction under CR 12(b)(1), and failure to state
3 No. 78536-2-1/4
a claim under CR 12(b)(6).3 She argued that, because the Hospital failed to file its
appeal within 30 days of the Board's communication of its final decision and order,
the appeal was untimely. The trial court agreed. It found that the Hospital's appeal
of the decision and order was not filed within the time required by the Industrial
Insurance Act(IA), Title 51 RCW,and dismissed the Hospital's appeal. However,
it found that the Hospital could pursue its appeal regarding conclusion of law
number five "made under its CR 60(a) motion." The Hospital appeals.
DISCUSSION
The Hospital argues that the December 2017 decision and order was not a
final appealable order, because it had filed a motion under CR 60. It contends that
the Board established the finality of the decision and order by denying its CR 60
motion. The hospital explains, "Mt was not until the Board reviewed and
responded to the Hospital's motion on January 19, 2018 that the [decision and
order] in its entirety. . . was final and appealable."
Where, as here, the facts are not at issue, we conduct a de novo review of
rulings on motions to dismiss for lack ofjurisdiction under CR 12(b)(1) and motions
to dismiss for failure to state a claim under CR 12(b)(6). Wells v. Olsten Corp.,
104 Wn. App. 135, 139, 15 P.3d 652 (2001).
I. Industrial Insurance Act
Under RCW 51.52.110 of the IIA, a party has 30 days to appeal a decision
and order from the Board to the superior court. Specifically, the statute provides,
also argued that the Hospital's appeal of the order denying its motion 3 Rice was baseless, and that the appeal should be dismissed in its entirety.
4 No. 78536-2-1/5
Within thirty days after a decision of the board to deny the petition or petitions for review upon such appeal has been communicated . . . or within thirty days after the final decision and order of the board upon such appeal has been communicated . . . such worker, beneficiary, employer or other person aggrieved by the decision and order of the board may appeal to the superior court. If such worker, beneficiary, employer, or other person fails to file with the superior court its appeal . ..
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IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON
SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL, No. 78536-2-1 Appellant, DIVISION ONE V. UNPUBLISHED OPINION BONNIE RICE,
Respondent. FILED: August 5, 2019
APPELWICK, C.J. — In December 2017, the Board adopted an industrial
appeals judge's proposed decision and order, denying the Hospital's petition for
review of that order. Four days later, the Hospital filed a CR 60(a) motion to correct
a clerical error in the order. The Board denied the Hospital's motion over 30 days
later. The Hospital then appealed the Board's decision and order to the King
County Superior Court. The trial court found that the Hospital's appeal was not
filed within the time required by the Industrial Insurance Act,' and dismissed the
appeal for lack of subject matter jurisdiction and failure to state a claim. We affirm.
FACTS
While working as an executive assistant at Seattle Children's Hospital
(Hospital) in 2015, Bonnie Rice fell twice, injuring her left and right knees. Rice
filed two workers' compensation claims with the Department of Labor and
Industries (Department).
I Title 51 RCW. No. 78536-2-1/2
In August 2016, the Department issued an order closing Rice's left knee
claim with medical benefits. In November 2016, the Department issued two more
orders relating to Rice's right knee claim. First, it segregated Rice's right knee
osteoarthritis as not caused or aggravated by the industrial injury, and denied the
Hospital's responsibility for a right knee total replacement surgery. Second, it
segregated her right knee degenerative medial meniscus tear, and closed the
claim without permanent partial disability.
The Hospital appealed the Department's August 2016 order to the Board of
Industrial Insurance Appeals (Board), seeking to add a provision that would (1)
allow Rice's claim "only for a left knee sprain," and (2) segregate four left knee
conditions.2 Rice appealed the Department's two November 2016 orders to the
Board. The parties agreed to consolidate the appeals.
On October 10, 2017, an industrial appeals judge (IAJ) issued a proposed
decision and order (PD&O) reversing and remanding the Department's three
orders. The IAJ directed the Department to affirm the closure of Rice's left knee
claim, but to segregate four left knee conditions. The IAJ did not direct the
Department to allow Rice's claim "only for a left knee sprain." The IAJ also found
that Rice's right knee osteoarthritis was proximately caused or aggravated by the
industrial injury, and that the Hospital was responsible for a total right knee
replacement. As a result, the IAJ reversed the closure of Rice's right knee claim.
On November 21, 2017, the Hospital filed a petition for review of the PD&O
with the Board. The Hospital argued in part that "[c]onclusion of Maw number five
2 Rice initially appealed this order as well, but later dismissed the appeal.
2 No. 78536-2-1/3
should be amended to include claim allowance for left knee strain." On December
11, 2017, the Board denied the Hospital's petition for review, and the PD&O
became the Board's decision and order.
Four days later, on December 15,the Hospital filed a motion for amendment
of judgment and relief from an order pursuant to CR 60(a). In its motion, it argued
that, "[b]ased on the Mindings of [f]act and the Board's discussion, it is clear that
the Board's intended decision was that the claimant's August 24, 2015 injury
resulted in a left knee strain only." It asserted that amending the decision and
order to add language reflecting that Rice's injury resulted in a left knee strain
"would accurately reflect the Board's intention as expressed in its decision and by
the underlying record." The Hospital characterized the Board's omission of that
language as "merely a clerical error rather than a judicial error," and stated that the
Board could correct the error through an amended decision and order.
On January 19, 2018, the Board denied the Hospital's motion. In doing so,
it explained, "We considered this issue and the employer's argument in our
consideration of the [p]etition for Neview. Our decision to deny the [p]etition for
[r]eview was not the result of a clerical mistake, but a conscious decision of the
Board." The Hospital then appealed to the King County Superior Court (1) the
December 2017 decision and order, and (2) the January 2018 order denying its
CR 60(a) motion. It filed its appeal on January 25, 2018, 45 days after the Board
denied its petition for review and adopted the PD&O as its decision and order.
On April 17, 2018, Rice filed a motion to dismiss the Hospital's appeal of
the decision and order for lack ofjurisdiction under CR 12(b)(1), and failure to state
3 No. 78536-2-1/4
a claim under CR 12(b)(6).3 She argued that, because the Hospital failed to file its
appeal within 30 days of the Board's communication of its final decision and order,
the appeal was untimely. The trial court agreed. It found that the Hospital's appeal
of the decision and order was not filed within the time required by the Industrial
Insurance Act(IA), Title 51 RCW,and dismissed the Hospital's appeal. However,
it found that the Hospital could pursue its appeal regarding conclusion of law
number five "made under its CR 60(a) motion." The Hospital appeals.
DISCUSSION
The Hospital argues that the December 2017 decision and order was not a
final appealable order, because it had filed a motion under CR 60. It contends that
the Board established the finality of the decision and order by denying its CR 60
motion. The hospital explains, "Mt was not until the Board reviewed and
responded to the Hospital's motion on January 19, 2018 that the [decision and
order] in its entirety. . . was final and appealable."
Where, as here, the facts are not at issue, we conduct a de novo review of
rulings on motions to dismiss for lack ofjurisdiction under CR 12(b)(1) and motions
to dismiss for failure to state a claim under CR 12(b)(6). Wells v. Olsten Corp.,
104 Wn. App. 135, 139, 15 P.3d 652 (2001).
I. Industrial Insurance Act
Under RCW 51.52.110 of the IIA, a party has 30 days to appeal a decision
and order from the Board to the superior court. Specifically, the statute provides,
also argued that the Hospital's appeal of the order denying its motion 3 Rice was baseless, and that the appeal should be dismissed in its entirety.
4 No. 78536-2-1/5
Within thirty days after a decision of the board to deny the petition or petitions for review upon such appeal has been communicated . . . or within thirty days after the final decision and order of the board upon such appeal has been communicated . . . such worker, beneficiary, employer or other person aggrieved by the decision and order of the board may appeal to the superior court. If such worker, beneficiary, employer, or other person fails to file with the superior court its appeal . .. within said thirty days, the decision of the board to deny the petition or petitions for review or the final decision and order of the board shall become final.
RCW 51.52.110. "An appeal from an administrative tribunal invokes the appellate,
rather than the general, jurisdiction of the superior court." Skagit Surveyors &
Eng'rs, LLC v. Friends of Skagit County, 135 Wn.2d 542, 555, 958 P.2d 962
(1998). "Acting in its appellate capacity, the superior court is of limited statutory
jurisdiction, and all statutory procedural requirements must be met before
jurisdiction is properly invoked." Id.
The civil rules for superior court, including CR 60, apply to proceedings
before the Board and superior court. Wells, 104 Wn. App. at 142. Unless
otherwise provided in chapter 51.52 RCW,the practice in civil cases shall apply to
appeals under the IIA. RCW 51.52.140.
II. Timeliness of Appeal
The Hospital brought its motion under CR 60(a). A superior court's review
of a decision by the Board is subject to the civil appeal rules. RCW 51.52.140;
Romo v. Dep't of Labor & Indus., 92 Wn. App. 348, 353, 962 P.2d 844(1998); see
also WAC 263-12-125 ("Insofar as applicable, and not in conflict with these rules,
the statutes and rules regarding procedures in civil cases in the superior courts of
this state shall be followed."). Under RAP 5.2(a) and (e), a CR 60(a) motion does
not extend the time to appeal a decision. Therefore, a CR 60(a) motion does not
5 No. 78536-2-1/6
extend the 30 day period in RCW 51.52.110 to appeal a decision and order from
the Board to the superior court.
The Hospital argues first that the decision and order was not a final
appealable order of the Board, because it had filed a CR 60 motion. The Hospital
relies primarily on Wells.
Wells sought to extend the time to file a petition for review of an IAJ's PD&O,
but the Board denied her request as untimely. Wells, 104 Wn. App. at 137-38. As
a result, Wells failed to timely submit a petition for review, and the Board adopted
the IAJ's PD&O as its final order. Id. at 138. When no petition for review of a
PD&O is filed and the Board adopts it, the Board's final order cannot be appealed.
RCW 51.52.104. Wells then moved to vacate the Board's final order,
characterizing her motion as falling under CR 60 or CR 59(a)(1), (3), (7), or (9).
Wells, 104 Wn. App. at 138. After the Board denied her motion, she appealed to
the superior court. Id. at 138-39. Wells's former employer, Olsten, moved for
dismissal, arguing that neither the Board nor the superior court had jurisdiction to
hear the appeal because Wells failed to timely file a petition for review. Id. at 139.
The superior court dismissed her appeal for lack of subject matter jurisdiction. Id.
On appeal, Wells argued that both the Board and the superior court had
jurisdiction to hear the appeal. Id. This court agreed, and reversed the superior
court's decision. Id. at 146. It noted that Olsten mischaracterized Wells's appeal
as challenging the Board's order adopting the PD&O, or attempting to alter the
jurisdictional deadlines established under the IIA. Id. at 140. But, her notice of
appeal clearly stated that she was appealing the Board's order denying her motion.
6 No. 78536-2-1/7
to vacate, not its order adopting the PD&O. Id. And, Wells appealed the Board's
denial of her motion within 30 days, the time frame provided under RAP 5.2. Id. at
145. Last, this court found that the Board's denial of Wells's motion to vacate was
a final appealable order. Id. at 146. In denying her motion, the Board
"reestablished the finality of its ruling adopting the [PD&O]and'clearly defined the
relationship between Wells and Olsten." Id. at 146.
The Hospital points out that Wells was not appealing the underlying merits
of the Board's final order, but rather its denial of her motion to vacate. In contrast,
here the Hospital is appealing the underlying merits of the Board's final order and
the Board's denial of its CR 60 motion. The Hospital essentially argues that,
because the Board's denial of its motion was a final appealable order, the Board's
decision and order was not. Like Wells, it states that the Board's denial of its
motion reestablished the finality of the Board's ruling adopting the PD&O. It
explains, "[I]t was not until the Board reviewed and responded to the Hospital's
motion . . . that the [decision and order] was final and appealable." And, unlike
Wells, the Hospital observes that the decision and order was appealable because
it had timely filed a petition for review.
But, the Hospital filed a CR 60(a) motion to correct a clerical error, not a
motion to vacate. Wells does not address this scenario. Thus, Wells fails to
support that the Board's decision and order was not appealable until the Board
decided the CR 60(a) motion. The Board denied the Hospital's petition for review
on December 11,2017. Thirty days after the Board communicated its decision to
deny the Hospital's petition for review, the Board's decision became final on
7 No. 78536-2-1/8
January 10, 2018. RCW 51.52.110. On January 19, 2018 the Board denied the
Hospital's CR 60(a) motion, nine days after the Board's decision became final.
Therefore, the Board's decision and order was no longer appealable when it
decided the Hospital's motion.
The trial court relied on Leuluaialii v. Department of Labor & Industries, 169
Wn. App. 672, 279 P.3d 515 (2012), in finding that the Hospital's appeal was
untimely. The Hospital argues second that this case can be distinguished from
Leuluaialii.
Leuluaialii had sustained a right knee injury resulting in permanent partial
disability, but the Department order closing her claim awarded her for disability to
her "right arm" instead of her right knee. Id. at 675. She did not timely appeal the
order. Id. at 679. Instead, four months later, she requested a correction of the
Department's clerical error. Id. The Department issued a corrected order. Id. It
did not change any other part of the final order, and the monetary award remained
the same. Id. at 676.
Leuluaialii appealed the corrected order to the Board, arguing that she was
"entitled to allowance of the claim, further treatment, time-loss compensation, or
loss of earning power, and increased permanent partial disability award, or a
permanent total disability award, and/or adjustment of benefits." Id. An IAJ issued
a PD&O reversing the Department's corrected order, reasoning that the
Department lacked subject matter jurisdiction to issue the order. Id. Leuluaialii
petitioned the Board to review the PD&O, and the Board adopted the PD&O's
findings and conclusions. Id. at 676-77. The Board then reversed the corrected
8 No. 78536-2-1/9
order, and the superior court affirmed on the basis that the Department lacked
subject matter jurisdiction to issue the order. Id. at 677.
On appeal, this court remanded for the Board to correct the clerical error.
Id. at 684. It noted that CR 60(a) allows a court to correct clerical mistakes in a
judgment by correcting language that did not convey the court's intention. Id. at
680. It also noted that "[i]t is clear that both the Board and the superior court have
jurisdiction to hear a CR 60 motion." Id. As a result, it held that the Board had
authority to correct the clerical error to reflect the injury to Leuluaialii's right knee.
Id. at 681. But, it recognized that the correction did not create a new final order
from which Leuluaialii could appeal, and the correction did not restart the time for
her to appeal. Id.
The Hospital notes that the corrected order in Leuluaialii was an order from
the Department, not an order from the Board. And, it states that the protest and
appeal deadlines for Department orders are not the same as those that apply to
Board orders. Still, this court remanded for the Board to correct the clerical error,
and made clear that this correction did not create a new order from which
Leuluaialii could appeal. Id. Although here the Hospital filed its CR 60(a) motion
before the appeal deadline, nothing in Leuluaialii supports that, contrary to RAP
5.2(a) and (e), the motion extended the time for it to appeal. Rather, the Leuluaialii
court concluded that a correction made pursuant to CR 60(a) did not restart the
time for a worker to appeal. Id.
The Hospital argues third that its CR 60 motion sought to resolve a
substantive or judicial question, and therefore fell under CR 59. As a result, it
9 No. 78536-2-1/10
asserts that its motion extended the 30 day period for filing an appeal under RAP
5.2(a) and (e), and that its appeal was timely.
In its brief, the Hospital characterizes its CR 60(a) motion as a motion for
amendment of judgment under CR 59, and a motion for relief from an order under
CR 60. It explains that, in the Board's response to the Hospital's motion, the Board
did not agree that the alleged error was clerical. The Board stated that it had
considered whether to direct the Department to allow the claim for a left knee strain
in considering the Hospital's petition for review. It clarified that its decision to deny
the petition "was not the result of a clerical mistake, but a conscious decision of
the Board." The Hospital argues that, by nature of the Board's decision, the Board
took its motion "out of the CR 60(a) context" and effectively rendered "the
Hospital's motion one for amendment of judgment under CR 59."
But, the Hospital stated in its motion that the Board's failure to include
language allowing for a left knee strain was "merely a clerical error rather than a
judicial error." It stated at the hearing on its motion that the "heart" of its motion
was "to fix that. . . mistake." And, in denying the motion, the Board stated that it
denied the Hospital's "motion for amendment . . . pursuant to CR 60(a)." The
Hospital cites no authority to support that the Board's denial of its motion rendered
the CR 60(a) motion a CR 59 motion for amendment of judgment. Where a party
fails to cite authority to support a proposition, "the court is not required to search
out authorities, but may assume that counsel, after diligent search, has found
none." DeHeer v. Seattle Post-Intelligencer, 60 Wn.2d 122, 126, 372 P.2d 193
(1962).
10 No. 78536-2-1/11
The Hospital argues last that the trial court would not have had jurisdiction
to hear this case if an appeal had been filed before the Board decided its CR 60
motion. It cites no authority to support this proposition. It also asserts that, after
an appeal is taken, the Board loses jurisdiction over the appeal and cannot change
its prior orders.
A CR 60(a) motion does not extend the period for filing an appeal. Thus,
CR 60(a) and RAP 7.2(e) allow a trial court, in this case the Board, to obtain
permission to decide a motion to correct a clerical mistake before or after review
is accepted by an appellate court. If the Board's determination of the motion will
change a decision being reviewed by an appellate court, in this case the superior
court, the appellate court's permission must be obtained before formal entry of the
Board's decision. See RAP 7.2(e). A party should seek the required permission
by motion. Id. Accordingly, even if a case is on appeal, the Board can still decide
a CR 60(a) motion.
The Hospital's CR 60(a) motion did not extend the 30 day period in RCW
51.52.110 for filing an appeal. The Hospital filed its appeal 45 days after the Board
denied its petition for review. Accordingly, the trial court lacked subject matter
jurisdiction to hear the appea1.4
4 The Hospital argues in the alternative that, even if its appeal was untimely, this court should grant it equitable relief. It explains that it relied on prior Board actions issuing an amended decision and order in response to a CR 60 motion. And, it states that it "acted diligently in pursuing its rights in an attempt to seek amendment of the [decision and order] to perfect the record, and to provide the most accurate [decision and order] for its [s]uperior [c]ourt appeal." However, the Hospital cites no authority to support that equitable relief is appropriate where a party fails to timely appeal a Board's decision and order. Accordingly, we decline to grant the Hospital equitable relief.
11 No. 78536-2-1/12
III. Attorney Fees
Rice requests that she be awarded attorney fees and costs pursuant to RAP
18.1 and RCW 51.52.130. Under RAP 18.1(a), this court may grant a party its
reasonable attorney fees on appeal when an applicable law allows. RCW
51.52.130(1) requires a court to award a worker attorney fees "if in an appeal by
the department or employer the worker or beneficiary's right to relief is sustained."
Because we affirm, Rice's right to relief is sustained. Thus, we grant her request
for attorney fees.
We affirm.
WE CONCUR: