Salvatore Ziccarelli v. Thomas Dart

CourtCourt of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
DecidedOctober 28, 2014
Docket13-3247
StatusUnpublished

This text of Salvatore Ziccarelli v. Thomas Dart (Salvatore Ziccarelli v. Thomas Dart) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Salvatore Ziccarelli v. Thomas Dart, (7th Cir. 2014).

Opinion

NONPRECEDENTIAL DISPOSITION To be cited only in accordance with Fed. R. App. P. 32.1

United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit Chicago, Illinois 60604

Argued October 9, 2014 Decided October 28, 2014

Before

WILLIAM J. BAUER, Circuit Judge

FRANK H. EASTERBROOK, Circuit Judge

MICHAEL S. KANNE, Circuit Judge

No. 13‐3247

SALVATORE ZICCARELLI, Appeal from the United States District Court Plaintiff‐Appellant, for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. v. No. 11 C 4909 THOMAS J. DART, Sheriff of Cook County, Illinois, and COOK COUNTY, George M. Marovich, ILLINOIS, Judge. Defendants‐Appellees.

O R D E R

Salvatore Ziccarelli, who is white, works for the Cook County Sheriff’s Department as a guard at the county jail. He sued the sheriff (and the county as indemnitor, see 745 ILCS 10/9‐102) alleging that younger, female, and non‐white guards were treated more favorably, and that he suffered retaliation when he complained to supervisors about the unequal treatment. The district court granted summary judgment for the defendants, reasoning that Ziccarelli, who relied on the indirect method of McDonnel Douglas Corp. v. Green, 411 U.S. 792 (1973), had not established a prima facie No. 13‐3247 Page 2

case of discrimination or retaliation. That conclusion is correct. Ziccarelli did not identify anything but trivial distinctions between himself and his coworkers, nor did he identify any adverse action taken in response to his complaints of unfair treatment. No jury could find from the evidence that Ziccarelli was treated less favorably than other guards or that he suffered retaliation.

Unless otherwise noted, the following facts are undisputed and presented in the light most favorable to Zicarrelli. Arizanovska v. Wal‐Mart Stores, Inc., 682 F.3d 698, 702 (7th Cir. 2012); SMS Demag Aktiengesellschaft v. Material Sci. Corp., 565 F.3d 365, 368 (7th Cir. 2009).

Ziccarelli has worked at the jail for 25 years. In April 2009 he began submitting grievances complaining that he was receiving too few “lunch premiums.” “Lunch premiums” are given if guards must work through their lunch break when the jail is understaffed. Guards working through lunch have the option of being paid time‐and‐a‐ half for that hour or receiving an hour of compensatory or vacation time. A month before he submitted his first grievance, Ziccarelli saw the timecard of a less‐senior Hispanic guard who, he alleged, received significantly more premiums. Ziccarelli complained to his superiors, who directed his scheduling supervisors to give Ziccarelli more opportunities to earn premiums.

The same day that Ziccarelli filed one of his grievances, April 13, 2009, he was written up for losing his utility belt. He had forgotten the belt in the employee washroom after becoming ill on shift, and although equipment losses are to be reported within 72 hours, Ziccarelli waited 5 days. Initially he was suspended for 5 days, but a successful appeal reduced that sanction to a written reprimand (which eventually was removed from his file).

In May 2009 Ziccarelli repeatedly telephoned another guard on shift to ask about his lunch premiums. That guard formally complained that Ziccarelli’s calls were harassing, and then a year later Ziccarelli submitted a grievance asserting that the guard had been pressured into complaining. Ziccarelli was never disciplined for this incident, and the other guard conceded later that perhaps “harassment” was too strong a word to describe the situation.

A few months after the “harassment” incident, in August 2009, Ziccarelli was ordered to complete the paperwork of a younger, female, Hispanic guard. Then in October 2009, Ziccarelli wrote a letter that he and other guards signed; the letter asserts No. 13‐3247 Page 3

that a younger, female, black guard was receiving easier assignments. The next day Ziccarelli filed another grievance accusing a supervisor of retaliating for the letter by calling the “anonymous author” a coward and using profanity during roll call. At some point in 2009, Ziccarelli was transferred from Division 2 to Division 5 because of purported harassment and favoritism. He says he received more lunch premiums after the transfer.

Prior to his transfer Ziccarelli also complained to a supervisor that, effectively, he was being assigned more “cross‐watching” duties than other guards. Cross‐watching means observing two tiers of inmates without a partner. Ziccarelli explained that whenever he was partnered with a female guard, she invariably would be called away to other assignments, leaving him to cross‐watch for most of his shift. Indeed, there were some areas that female guards routinely were not assigned to protect inmate privacy (if they were undressed), but the male guards watching these areas still had backup. Moreover, the practice of cross‐watching is not prohibited, and Ziccarelli was working in the minimum security area of the jail.

Before his transfer Ziccarelli also concluded that he was being denied a normal rotation of job assignments, though he never filed a grievance about it. Standard practice is to rotate guards into new positions every 90 days. Ziccarelli felt he was being kept in positions with greater inmate contact for longer periods than other guards.

Ziccarelli filed an administrative charge of discrimination with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and Illinois Department of Human Rights in October 2009. In July 2011 he filed this action claiming that the Sheriff’s Department had discriminated against him based on his age, race, and sex and then retaliated after he complained. See 42 U.S.C. § 2000e‐5(f)(1); 29 U.S.C. § 626(c)(1). He alleged that the Department had denied him lunch premiums, given him more‐difficult job rotations, and forced him to guard a higher number of inmates. He further alleged that the Department had retaliated against him by pressuring his coworker to accuse him of harassment, unfairly disciplining him for losing his utility belt, and making him complete another guard’s paperwork.

In granting summary judgment for the Sheriff’s Department, the district court concluded that a jury could not reasonably find from the evidence that Ziccarelli had been treated adversely or that similarly situated employees outside his class were treated more favorably. No. 13‐3247 Page 4

For the lunch premiums, the district court compared the totals for Ziccarelli and four other guards and concluded that the numbers do not raise an inference of adverse or unequal treatment. No younger guard had received more premiums than Ziccarelli. One female guard had bested him by six premiums over a 22‐month period, as had two male Hispanic guards during that same period. A jury could not reasonably find, the court reasoned, that a deficit of 6 premiums in 22 months constituted a materially adverse employment action.

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Bluebook (online)
Salvatore Ziccarelli v. Thomas Dart, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/salvatore-ziccarelli-v-thomas-dart-ca7-2014.