Sahlhoff v. Gurley-Leep Automotive Management Corp.

136 F. Supp. 3d 1003, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 129734, 2015 WL 5692154
CourtDistrict Court, N.D. Indiana
DecidedSeptember 28, 2015
DocketCause No. 3:14cv1790RLM-CAN
StatusPublished

This text of 136 F. Supp. 3d 1003 (Sahlhoff v. Gurley-Leep Automotive Management Corp.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, N.D. Indiana primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Sahlhoff v. Gurley-Leep Automotive Management Corp., 136 F. Supp. 3d 1003, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 129734, 2015 WL 5692154 (N.D. Ind. 2015).

Opinion

OPINION AND ORDER

ROBERT L. MILLER, JR., District Judge.

Jacob Sahlhoff sues two defendants collectively called “Gurley-Leep” in this opinion. He contends that he worked for Gur-ley-Leep as an automobile salesman and that Gurley-Leep retaliated against him in violation of, and interfered with his rights under, the Family Medical Leave Act, 29 U.S.C. §§ 2601 et seq. Gurley-Leep moves to dismiss Mr. Sahlhoffs complaint for failure to state a claim. Because the amended complaint contains nothing from which it could be inferred that Mr. Sahl-hoff. suffered from a serious health condition within the meaning of the FMLA or that he engaged in activity protected by the .FMLA, the court grants Gurley-Leep’s motion and dismisses the complaint with leave to amend.

The defendants move under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6) to dismiss the amended complaint for failure to state a claim. To state a claim, a complaint need only contain a short and plain statement showing that the’ plaintiff is entitled to relief. See EEOC v. Concentra Health Servs., Inc., 496 F.3d 773, 776 (7th Cir. 2007). In ruling on a Rule 12(b)(6) motion, the court must accept as true all well-pleaded factual allegations in the complaint and draw all reasonable inferences in favor of the non-moving party. See Hecker v. Deere & Co., 556 F.3d 575, 580 (7th Cir. 2009). A complaint survives a motion to dismiss under Rule _ 12(b)(6) if it contains sufficient factual allegations to “state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.” Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 570, 127 S.Ct. 1955, 167 L.Ed.2d 929 (2007). “A claim has facial plausibility when the plaintiff pleads factual content that allows the court to draw the reasonable-inference that the defendant is’liable for the misconduct alleged.” Adams v. City of Indianapolis, 742 F.3d 720, 728 (7th Cir.2014) (quoting Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678, 129 S.Ct. 1937, 173 L.Ed.2d 868 (2009)). “Specific facts are not necessary; the statement need only give the defendant fair notice of what the ... claim is and the grounds upon which it rests.” Erickson v. Pardus, 551 U.S. 89, 93, 127 S.Ct. 2197, 167 L.Ed.2d 1081 (2007) (ellipsis in original).

The court’s understanding of the facts comes from Mr. Sahlhoffs amended complaint; ■ no alternative set of facts is in the record. Mr. Sahlhoff was working for Gurley-Leep when he started having severe headaches centralized around his right eye in' March 2012 (all dates discussed were in 2012). Gurley-Leep discouraged him from seeing a- doctor, and encouraged him to work despite the pain. When'Mr. Sahlhoff sought medical help in [1005]*1005May, the eye doctors found-nothing wrong but recommended more testing. Gurley-Leep discouraged him from seeking more medical treatment and belittled his ability to work through pain, so Mr. Sahlhoff worked through the pain, even working overtime, and delayed further testing or treatment. As the pain worsened, though, he decreased his overtime. '

On July 6, Gurley-Leep fired Mr. Sahl-hoff because he wasn’t “committed to the job.” ■ In August, doctors determined the reason for Mr. Sahlhoffs pain: he had cancer in his right eye tear duct, and eventually had his right eye surgically removed.

Mr. Sahlhoffs amended complaint doesn’t state a claim upon which relief can be granted. It omits allegations from which various elements of his FMLA claims can be inferred; with respect to some elements, the amended complaint’s allegations are inconsistent with the elements of an FMLA retaliation or interfer-enceclaim.

An FMLA interference claim requires (a) a plaintiff eligible for FMLA protection, (b) an employer covered by the FMLA, (c) a plaintiff entitled to FMLA leave, (d) sufficient notice to the employer to take leave, and (e) a denial by the employer of FMLA benefits to which the plaintiff was entitled. Scruggs v. Carrier Corp., 688 F.3d 821, 825 (7th 2012). To be entitled to FMLA leave, the employee must have suffered from a serious health condition that left him unable to perform the functions of his job. Ames v. Home Depot U.S.A., Inc., 629 F.3d 665, 669 (7th Cir.2011). A “serious health condition: is one that involves inpatient care in a facility of some sort or continuing treatment by a health care provider.” 29 U.S.C. § 2611(11); Burnett v. LFW, Inc., 472 F.3d 471, 478 (7th Cir.2006).

Without a “serious health condition” ■within the meaning of the FMLA, an employee isn’t entitled to FMLA leave, and so can’t succeed on a FMLA interference claim. Mr. Sahlhoffs ■ amended complaint alleges in ¶28 that he had a “serious health condition” within the meaning of the FMLA, but courts don’t take legal conclusions in a complaint as true. See Redd v. Nolan, 663 F.3d 287, 292 (7th Cir.2011)

Mr. Sahlhoff says "his amended complaint alleges a serious health condition because serious headaches can constitute a ■ serious health- condition. That proposition no doubt is true, but the cases Mr. Sahlhoff cites demonstrate the difference between such a case and his own case. In Hendry v. GTE North, Inc., 896 F.Supp. 816, 827 (N.D.Ind.1995), the court denied summary judgment for the employer on an FMLA claim when- the record allowed a finding that the plaintiff had received continuing medical care for her migraines, and a finding that she was unable to perform her job when the migraines struck. Similarly, in Kennedy v. United States Postal Svc., Cause No. 2:10cv0279-PPS-PRC, doc. 159 at *14, 2014 WL 1047820 (N.D.Ind. Mar. 17, 2014), summary judgment was denied because there was “evidence that Kennedy’s migraines, for which she repeatedly saw a doctor, rendered her unable to perform her job duties.”

Mr. Sahlhoffs amended complaint doesn’t allege anything < that would support, even when viewed in the light most favorable to him, an inference that he underwent inpatient care in any facility or continuing treatment. The amended complaint contains allegations that contravene the existence of a serious health condition within the meaning of the FMLA: he always returned to work, put in overtime, and let several weeks pass without seeking medical care or testing.

[1006]*1006. The- amended complaint doesn’t allege that Mr. Sahlhoff was entitled to FMLA leave, because entitlement requires a serious health condition. Without allegations that would .allow an inference that Mr.

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Related

Erickson v. Pardus
551 U.S. 89 (Supreme Court, 2007)
Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly
550 U.S. 544 (Supreme Court, 2007)
Ashcroft v. Iqbal
556 U.S. 662 (Supreme Court, 2009)
Ames v. Home Depot U.S.A., Inc.
629 F.3d 665 (Seventh Circuit, 2011)
Redd v. Nolan
663 F.3d 287 (Seventh Circuit, 2011)
Steve Aubuchon v. Knauf Fiberglass, Gmbh
359 F.3d 950 (Seventh Circuit, 2004)
Daryl Scruggs v. Carrier Corporatio
688 F.3d 821 (Seventh Circuit, 2012)
Cracco v. Vitran Express, Inc.
559 F.3d 625 (Seventh Circuit, 2009)
Hecker v. Deere & Co.
556 F.3d 575 (Seventh Circuit, 2009)
Hendry v. GTE North, Inc.
896 F. Supp. 816 (N.D. Indiana, 1995)
Erika Langenbach v. Wal-Mart Stores, Incorporated
761 F.3d 792 (Seventh Circuit, 2014)
Kendale L. Adams v. City of Indianapolis
742 F.3d 720 (Seventh Circuit, 2014)
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Bluebook (online)
136 F. Supp. 3d 1003, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 129734, 2015 WL 5692154, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/sahlhoff-v-gurley-leep-automotive-management-corp-innd-2015.