Rudy Wendell Myers v. State

• Court: Court of Criminal Appeals of Tennessee
• Decided: March 14, 2000
• Docket: M1999-00498-CCA-R3-PC
• Status: Published

Opinion

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE

AT NASHVILLE FILED March 14, 2000 FEBRUARY 2000 SESSION Cecil Crowson, Jr. Appellate Court Clerk

) RUDY WENDELL MYERS, ) C.C.A. No. M1999-00498-CCA-R3-PC Appellant, ) ) Franklin County vs. ) ) Hon. J. Curtis Smith, Judge ) STATE OF TENNESSEE, ) (Post-Conviction: Murder - first degree, Appellee. ) Assault with intent to murder, Armed ) robbery)

FOR THE APPELLANT: FOR THE APPELLEE:

RUDY WENDELL MYERS (pro se) PAUL G. SUMMERS Rt. 4, Box 600 Attorney General & Reporter Pikeville, TN 37367 MARVIN E. CLEMENTS, JR. Asst. Attorney General 425 Fifth Ave. North Nashville, TN 37243-0493

JAMES M. TAYLOR District Attorney General

STEVEN M. BLOUNT Asst. District Attorney General 1002 West Main St. Decherd, TN 37324

OPINION FILED:________________

AFFIRMED

JAMES CURWOOD WITT, JR., JUDGE OPINION

The defendant, Rudy Wendell Myers, appeals from the dismissal of

his third post-conviction petition by the Franklin County Circuit Court. In 1984 the

defendant pleaded guilty to felony murder, assault with intent to commit first degree

murder with bodily injury occurring to the victim, and armed robbery. He was

sentenced to consecutive life sentences for each of the offenses. He did not

directly appeal his convictions. In 1989 this court affirmed the denial of his first

post-conviction petition. See State v. Rudy Wendell Myers, Franklin County No. 88-

116-III (Tenn. Crim. App., Nashville, June 29, 1989), perm app. denied (Tenn. 1989)

(Myers I). In 1992 the petitioner filed a second post-conviction petition which was

subsequently summarily dismissed for being time-barred. See Rudy Wendell Myers

v. State, No. 01C01-9308-CC-00270 (Tenn. Crim. App.,Jackson, Jan. 20, 1994),

perm app. denied (Tenn. 1994) (Myers II). In 1999 the petitioner filed this, his third

post-conviction petition, in which he states a number of grievances, including

involuntary and incompetent guilty plea, approximately 30 claims of ineffective

assistance of counsel, defective indictment, unconstitutionality of proscriptive

criminal statutes, the state’s failure to disclose exculpatory evidence, systematic

exclusion of females and black persons from the grand jury, judicial bias, prejudicial

pretrial publicity, and excessive sentences. He claims that the statute of limitations

is tolled on these post-conviction claims because of his mental impairment. He now

appeals the trial court’s summary dismissal of his petition. Following a review of the

record and the briefs of the parties, we affirm the trial court's judgment.

This case began in 1983 when the petitioner and his co-defendant,

Kevin Watley, attacked Majorie Fults as she returned home from her family store

one evening. The two masked men bound and gagged Ms. Fults and waited for her

husband, Chester Fults, and her son, Ricky Fults, who were on their way home. Mr.

Fults entered his home, followed by his son. As Ricky Fults passed through the

2 door, someone told him to “halt,” and he was struck in the back. He was then shot

in the arm. As he slumped over, he saw his father shot with a shotgun and one of

the attackers going through his father’s belongings. He passed out, and when he

awoke, the attackers were gone, along with the car his mother had been driving.

Nine days after the murder, the petitioner contacted the police and

confessed to the offenses. He led the police to the location where the money and

guns were hidden. He was indicted for first degree murder of Mr. Fults, felony

murder of Mr. Fults, assault with intent to commit first degree murder with bodily

injury to Ricky Fults, assault with intent to commit first degree murder with a deadly

weapon to Mrs. Fults, and armed robbery of Mrs. Fults. A few weeks before his co-

defendant’s trial the petitioner wrote a letter to the local paper in which he stated

that he had converted his religion, that he wanted to get right with his God, and that

he wanted to tell young people about the horrors of drugs. He essentially confessed

in the letter.

In exchange for the state not seeking the death penalty, the petitioner

agreed to testify at his co-defendant’s trial and to plead guilty to the charges for

felony murder, assault with intent to murder Ricky Fults, and armed robbery. He

also agreed to consecutive life sentences for these offenses.

In the petitioner’s first post-conviction proceeding (Myers I), he alleged

ineffective assistance of counsel in that he claimed his counsel did not

communicate with him, did not pursue the defense of insanity or diminished

capacity, and did not explain the meaning of consecutive sentences. After an

evidentiary hearing, the Myers I post-conviction court found that the petitioner’s trial

counsel exhaustively investigated and prepared the case and examined the

3 possibility of a defense based upon insanity, mental incompetency, or mental health

limitations. The Myers I court denied the petition.

In the case at bar, the trial court dismissed the petitioner’s post-

conviction petition without holding an evidentiary hearing. The trial court found that

the petition was filed outside the statute of limitations.

The petition alleges that Myers "has never been competent in this

cause to raise any of his claims for relief, nor was Petitioner psychologically sound

at the time of his convictions and sentences." The petition further alleges that he

has a “history of psychological illness, and a proper investigation would reveal this.”

The petitioner says he suffers from "psychological and neurological brain damage"

and that both he and his family have a history of mental illness.

The petition alleges that Myers has sustained numerous head injuries,

has a childhood history of abusing inhalants, experiences "radical mood and

delusional disorders, . . . extreme depression, . . . loss of memory, an inability to

recall even recent events, . . . [and] has difficulty with thinking abstractly." The

petition further alleges that upon motion of his trial counsel before he pleaded guilty,

the trial court ordered a physical and mental examination and that this examination

did not meet the standard of care for a forensic evaluation. A letter documenting

the results of the court-ordered examination are attached to the petition as an

exhibit. Also attached to the petition is a report of an evaluation, performed in 1996

by the petitioner’s expert, which concludes that the previous letter, which was

addressed to the trial court, “does not meet the standard of care for a psychological

assessment pertinent to mental state at the time the crime was committed.” The

petition alleges that the evaluation of the first letter is new evidence which was not

previously raised and was not capable of being “discovered by a lay person such

4 as [the petitioner].” The petition makes only passing reference to petitioner’s first

post-conviction petition and claims that it “illustrates the confusion and

misunderstanding Petitioner had regarding his pleas and the resulting sentences.”

A trial court's initial review of a post-conviction petition is pursuant to

Code section 40-30-206, which provides that the trial court shall consider the factual

allegations to be true in determining whether the petition shall be dismissed. See

Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-206(f) (1997). The trial court must "examine [the petition]

together with all the files, records, transcripts, and correspondence relating to the

judgment under attack." Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-206(a) (1997). Furthermore, the

petitioner must rebut the presumption that claims have either been waived or

previously determined. Id.; see also Harris v. State, 996 S.W.2d 840, 841 (Tenn.

Crim. App. 1999).

The petitioner pleaded guilty in 1984, and he did not make a direct

appeal. The statute of limitations for filing a post-conviction petition expired on July

1, 1989. See Abston v. State, 749 S.W.2d 487 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1988). In

Watkins v. State, 903 S.W.2d 302 (1995), our state's highest court held that the

saving statute found at Code section 28-1-106 operated to toll the statute of

limitations where the post-conviction petitioner was "at the time the cause of action

accrued . . . of unsound mind." Watkins, 903 S.W.2d at 304-05 (quoting from Tenn.

Code Ann. § 28-1-106 (1980)). The petition at issue in Watkins was filed before the

Post-Conviction Procedure Act of 1995. Of significance to the petitioner, the

Watkins court further determined that due process would be offended by application

of the statute of limitations in the case of mental incompetence. Watkins, 903

S.W.2d at 305-06.

5 The Post-Conviction Procedure Act of 1995 provides a one-year

statute of limitations. Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-202(a) (1997). Limited exceptions

are prescribed; however, no exception addresses the effect of mental incompetence

on the limitations period. See Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-202(b) (1997). The Act

further provides, "The statute of limitations shall not be tolled for any reason,

including any tolling or saving provision otherwise available at law or equity." Tenn.

Code Ann. § 40-30-202(a) (1997).

Under the 1995 Act, the "anti-tolling" provision defeats the operation

of the savings statute. See Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-202(a) (1997) ("anti-tolling");

Tenn. Code Ann. § 28-1-106 (1980) (savings). However, the anti-tolling provision

has no operation against constitutional principles. John Paul Seals v. State, No.

03C01-9802-CC-00050, slip op. at 5 (Tenn. Crim. App., Knoxville, Jan. 6, 1999),

perm. app. granted (Tenn. 1999); Vikki Lynn Spellman v. State, No. 02C01-9801-

CC-00036, slip op. at 4 (Tenn. Crim. App., Jackson, Aug. 21, 1998), perm. app.

granted (Tenn. 1999). Thus, the portion of the Watkins holding which recognizes

a due process right to tolling of the statute of limitations remains viable in the face

of the Post-Conviction Procedure Act of 1995. Accordingly, Myers’ petition must be

evaluated consistently with the due process holding of Watkins.

We, turn then, to the question of whether the petitioner has stated a

cognizable claim for tolling under Watkins. In this inquiry, we find State v. Ralph

Dean Purkey, No. 03C01-9902-CC-00082 (Tenn. Crim. App., Knoxville, Dec. 17,

1999), instructive. In Ralph Dean Purkey, the post-conviction petitioner filed an

untimely petition and sought to avoid the bar of the 1995 statute of limitations via

Watkins by claiming “psychological dysfunction and illness as a result of apparent

psychological and neurological brain damage,” and “radical mood swings, extreme

depression, loss of memory, . . . an inability to recall even with [sic] recent events,

6 . . . poor judgment, and has difficulty thinking abstractly.” Id., slip op. at 4-5. He

alleged that his “psychological disability and incompetency” made him “incapable

of maintaining these proceedings . . . or of protecting his own constitutional rights.”

Id., slip op. at 5. This court affirmed the dismissal of Purkey’s petition. The court

applied the civil standard of incompetency by requiring that, in order to toll a post-

conviction statute of limitations, the petitioner’s condition must be “‘of such a nature

as to show him unable to manage his personal affairs or estate, or to comprehend

his legal rights or liabilities.’” Id., slip op. at 5 (citations omitted). As such, the court

reasoned, “[m]ental incompetence for tolling purposes does not simply equate with

mental illness.” Id., slip op. at 6. The court concluded that Purkey did not allege,

except by conclusory allegations, the level of incompetency required to toll the

statute of limitations. Moreover, he did not show the required incompetency “over

the period of time needed to make his present petition viable,” despite his

conclusory allegations to the contrary. Id., slip op at 6.

In the present case, we view the petitioner’s allegations in the same

light and conclude that he has not demonstrated an incompetence which would toll

the running of the statute of limitations.

Furthermore, we hold that, even if the statute of limitations did not bar

the petition, it is nevertheless barred by the one-petition rule of Code section 40-30-

202(c), which provides that, after one petition for post-conviction relief has been

decided on the merits, “any second or subsequent petition shall be summarily

dismissed.” Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-202(c) (1997). In Myers I, the post-

conviction court appointed counsel and held an evidentiary hearing in which the

petitioner attacked his guilty plea and probed his mental condition at the time of his

conviction via his claim that his counsel had deficiently represented him in not

communicating with and informing him and in not obtaining and using evidence of

7 mental health issues. The Myers I petition was disposed of on the merits, and thus

the present petition is barred by section 40-30-202(c). This court has held that the

bar of section 40-30-202(c) applies to a petition filed under the 1995 Act, even

though the preceding petition was filed and disposed of on the merits prior to the

effective date of the 1995 Act. Eugene Kerrent v. State, No. 02C01-9809-CC-

00288 (Tenn. Crim. App., Jackson, May 25, 1999) (Rule 20 Order summarily

affirming dismissal of petition); Robert Lee Taylor v. State, No. 02C01-9805-CC-

00161 (Tenn. Crim. App., Jackson, Aug. 12, 1998) (Rule 20 Order summarily

affirming dismissal of petition); Lawrence Allen Hodge v. State, No. 03C01-9708-

CR-00332 (Tenn. Crim. App., Knoxville, June 3, 1998), perm. app. denied (Tenn.

1998).

We do not believe that the one-petition bar runs afoul of Watkins. The

crux of our supreme court’s due process ruling in Watkins is that the post-conviction

petitioner should be given “an opportunity for the presentation of claims at a

meaningful time and in a meaningful way.” Watkins, 903 S.W.2d at 306 (emphasis

added) (quoting Burford v. State, 845 S.W.2d 204, 208 (Tenn. 1992)). Application

of the one-petition rule has not denied the petitioner this opportunity. His petition

in Myers I resulted in the appointment of counsel and an evidentiary hearing. Myers

II, slip op. at 2, n.2. The Myers I post-conviction court found that trial counsel had

painstakingly and exhaustively explored the petitioner’s mental condition. Even

though the issue before the Myers I court was trial counsel’s effective assistance in

not pursuing an insanity defense or a diminished capacity strategy, the hearing shed

light upon the petitioner’s condition both at the time of conviction and the time of the

Myers I hearing. Moreover, the thrust of the petition in Myers I was to attack the

guilty plea. See Myers I, slip op. at 2. On the facts of this case, the petitioner has

had a meaningful opportunity to present his post-conviction claims.

8 The case at bar is distinguishable from the cases of John Paul Seals

and Vikki Lynn Spellman. Although each petitioner in those cases had filed a prior

post-conviction petition, in neither case was the previous petition reviewed on its

merits. However, Myers has been afforded, through counsel, an “opportunity to

challenge his conviction in a meaningful time and manner” with his first petition.

Watkins, 903 S.W.2d at 306. Accordingly, we conclude that due process has not

been violated in petitioner’s case.

Finally, we conclude that the petitioner is not eligible to reopen his

original petition. After a prior first petition has been decided on its merits, a

petitioner may move to reopen the proceeding under limited circumstances. See

Tenn. Code Ann. §§ 40-30-202(c), -217(a) (1997). In pertinent part, Code section

40-30-217(a) provides that a petitioner may reopen a post-conviction petition only

on one of the following conditions:

(1) The claim in the motion is based upon a final ruling of an appellate court establishing a constitutional right that was not recognized as existing at the time of trial, if retrospective application of that right is required. . . . or

(2) The claim in the motion is based upon new scientific evidence establishing that such petitioner is actually innocent of the offense or offenses for which the petitioner was convicted; or

(3) The claim asserted in the motion seeks relief from a sentence that was enhanced because of a previous conviction and such conviction in the case in which the claim is asserted was not a guilty plea with an agreed sentence, and the previous conviction has subsequently been held to be invalid, in which case the motion must be filed within one (1) year of the finality of the ruling holding the previous conviction to be invalid; and

(4) It appears that the facts underlying the claim, if true, would establish by clear and convincing evidence that the petitioner is entitled to have the conviction set aside or the sentence reduced.

Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-217(a) (1997). The petitioner has not alleged, nor do we

discern, any circumstances that would permit him to reopen his prior petition under

Code section 40-30-217(a).

9 Accordingly, the judgment of the trial court dismissing the petition is

affirmed.

________________________________ JAMES CURWOOD WITT, JR., JUDGE

CONCUR:

_______________________________ JOE G. RILEY, JUDGE

_______________________________ THOMAS T. WOODALL, JUDGE