Rubin v. Rubin

564 N.E.2d 602, 29 Mass. App. Ct. 689, 1991 Mass. App. LEXIS 7
CourtMassachusetts Appeals Court
DecidedJanuary 9, 1991
DocketNo. 89-P-514
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 564 N.E.2d 602 (Rubin v. Rubin) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Massachusetts Appeals Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Rubin v. Rubin, 564 N.E.2d 602, 29 Mass. App. Ct. 689, 1991 Mass. App. LEXIS 7 (Mass. Ct. App. 1991).

Opinion

Perretta, J.

After six years of marriage, the husband (Merck) brought a complaint for divorce under G. L. c. 208, § IB. The judge entered a temporary order for spousal and child support in an amount which exceeded that provided for in a “separation” agreement signed by the parties a year earlier upon their reconciliation but now challenged by the wife (Mary Lou) as unfair, unreasonable, and the product of coercion and duress. Merek sought relief under the first paragraph of G. L. c. 231, § 118. A single justice of this court entered an order for a separate trial of the “question of the validity and applicability of the agree[690]*690ment.” After trial on that issue, the probate judge concluded that the agreement was not fair and reasonable and that it was null and void. On Merek’s appeal from the ensuing judgment, which was certified under Mass.R.Dom.Rel.P. 54(b) (1975) , we conclude that the judge’s findings are supported by the evidence and available inferences and free of any error of law. We, therefore, affirm the judgment.

1. The Status of the Agreement.

By its own terms, the agreement was to be incorporated into, but not merged with, any judgment of divorce.1 Consequently, the agreement is “valid and binding, and specifically enforceable, ‘absent countervailing equities,’ when a judge determines, at the time of the entry of a judgment of divorce nisi or thereafter, that the agreement was free of fraud and coercion and fair and reasonable at the time of the entry of the judgment, and that the parties agreed on the finality of the agreement. See Knox v. Remick, 371 Mass. 433, 436-437 (1976) ; Stansel v. Stansel, 385 Mass. 510, 514-515 (1982); Moore v. Moore, 389 Mass. 21, 24 (1983). Cf. Osborne v. Osborne, 384 Mass. 591, 599 (1981).” Dominick v. Dominick, 18 Mass. App. Ct. 85, 91 (1984). If the issue of the status of the agreement appears to have been raised somewhat prematurely, as compared to the timing in the cases cited in Dominick, we point out that, almost immediately after filing his complaint, Merek requested a hearing “to determine the applicability and validity of the agreement to the . . . complaint for divorce.” Although Merek’s motion was denied by a Probate Court judge, the single justice’s order for bifurcation accomplished what Merek sought.

2. The Provisions of the Agreement and its Execution.

In concluding that she would not enforce the agreement, because its provisions were not fair and reasonable and because it was procured through coercion, the judge made de[691]*691tailed and comprehensive findings of fact which have ample support in the evidence.2 We, therefore, relate the facts as the judge found them.

Merek became a member of the Massachusetts bar in 1967, and thereafter received an advanced degree in the law of taxation. At first a sole practitioner, he employed another attorney in 1980, with whom, in 1982, he formed a partnership. When a third attorney joined them in 1986, they organized a professional corporation. Merek has a seventy-five percent ownership interest in the corporation, and his practice is focused upon corporate and estate planning matters. In addition, Merek has other ownership interests in ventures unrelated to his legal practice.

Mary Lou met Merek in 1974, when she went to work in his office. She was a high school graduate and had attended a junior college for a year and one-half.3 At the time she began working for Merek, she and her first husband had recently separated and were later divorced. She had custody of her two children, now teenagers, by that marriage, and they have always resided with her.

In 1980, prior to Merek’s divorce from his first wife, Mary Lou purchased a house in Southborough, taking title to that property in her name alone. She contributed about $10,000 towards the purchase price of $119,000. The balance was financed with mortgages paid by Merek. The purchase was handled in this fashion because, as testified to by Merek, he did not want his “first wife making a claim on the house” during their divorce proceedings.4

Shortly after his divorce in December, 1981, Merek and Mary Lou took title to the Southborough property, which ul[692]*692timately became their marital residence, as joint tenants. They married on July 3, 1982.

After the marriage, Mary Lou continued to work for Merek. Her responsibilities increased. She did paralegal work and the bookkeeping. In 1986, she served as the firm’s comptroller. During the last three years of her employment by Merek, Mary Lou was earning over $20,000 a year.5 While living and working together, Mary Lou and Merek kept their money separate. Merek gave her between $125 and $175 a week which, with her salary, she used to pay for the household operating expenses as well as her own and the children’s personal expenses.

Major household expenses and the mortgage were paid by Merek. He has a current (1989) annual income of about $120,000. Additionally, the firm provides him with an automobile and pays all the expenses related to it. He also draws $125 a week for miscellaneous expenses, and there is a loan account, maintained by the firm, from and to which Merek borrows and loans money. As described by the judge, when the parties last lived together, they enjoyed an “upper-middle income” standard of living.

Marital discord began with Mary Lou’s pregnancy in 1985. Merek was working long hours and spending little time at home. He became very irritable and abusive towards Mary Lou and the children, yelling and screaming, sometimes losing “complete control.”

Just about a month before the birth of their son on June 11, 1986, Merek terminated Mary Lou’s employment. Although he continued to give her about $200 a week for household expenses, she no longer had a salary to use for her own and her children’s expenses.6 From time to time, Merek would give her between $1,000 to $3,000 for household ex[693]*693penses, but Mary Lou did not have sufficient money without a salary. She found part-time employment.

The marital relationship continued to deteriorate. Merek’s behavior became more volatile and, on one occasion, as he wildly ran about the house with their child, he accidentally banged the baby’s head on a wall. Mary Lou, in a state of upset and depression, sought counselling, but Merek refused to join her. They separated for a few days in October and, again, in November, 1986.

On January 20, 1987, Merek left the marital residence and moved into a friend’s apartment. During his absence, he continued to pay the mortgage. Mary Lou’s only income at this time was her salary from her part-time work ($150 a week, gross) and some child support she was able to collect from her first husband ($330 a month). In order to obtain additional income, she worked briefly for a management company (while keeping her part-time work) and, then, she also took a position as a night auditor for a company, working from 11:00 p.m to 7:00 a.m. This job was taken primarily because it provided health insurance which Mary Lou feared Merek would discontinue. While working at these jobs, Mary Lou was also taking care of her three children.

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Bluebook (online)
564 N.E.2d 602, 29 Mass. App. Ct. 689, 1991 Mass. App. LEXIS 7, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/rubin-v-rubin-massappct-1991.