Rovira v. LaGoDa, Inc.

551 So. 2d 790, 1989 WL 124615
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedOctober 12, 1989
Docket89-CA-206
StatusPublished
Cited by22 cases

This text of 551 So. 2d 790 (Rovira v. LaGoDa, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Rovira v. LaGoDa, Inc., 551 So. 2d 790, 1989 WL 124615 (La. Ct. App. 1989).

Opinion

551 So.2d 790 (1989)

Donald Robert ROVIRA
v.
LaGoDa, INC., Larry Bolner and Mary Bolner.

No. 89-CA-206.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fifth Circuit.

October 12, 1989.
Writ Denied January 5, 1990.

*791 Hulse, Nelson & Wanek, Al M. Thompson, Jr., New Orleans, for Nat. Fire Ins. Co. of Hartford, appellant.

Stanga & Mustian, P.L.C., Alonzo T. Stanga, III, Metairie, for LaGoDa, Inc., appellee.

Before CHEHARDY, C.J., and DUFRESNE and THOMAS C. WICKER, JJ.

CHEHARDY, Chief Judge.

The worker's compensation insurer refused to defend the insured employer on a wrongful discharge claim. The district court awarded the employer attorney's fees but denied its claim against the insurer for indemnification. The insurer appeals the award, the insured answers seeking an increase. With slight amendment, we affirm the district court judgment.

FACTS

LaGoDa, Inc., is a heating and air-conditioning service and installation business. On December 29, 1986, plaintiff, Donald Rovira, experienced an on-the-job back injury while employed with LaGoDa. He claimed and collected worker's compensation benefits for six weeks' disability. Rovira returned to work on February 16, 1987; three days later he was dismissed from his job.

Rovira brought suit against LaGoDa and its officers, Larry and Mary Bolner, seeking damages for wrongful discharge. Plaintiff alleged that he had been fired without just cause or for filing a worker's compensation claim. LaGoDa answered the petition, responding that Rovira had been discharged for cause because he had falsified his employment application, had damaged his employer's and customer's property, and for overall unsatisfactory job *792 performance. By third-party demand, LaGoDa sought indemnity and costs of defense from its insurer, National Fire Insurance Company of Hartford, on the basis of its worker's compensation/employer's liability policy. National Fire answered, denying that Rovira's claims were covered under its policy.

Rovira amended his petition to name National Fire and claimed that the insurer was liable for LaGoDa's wrongfully discharging him. National Fire again denied coverage and claimed indemnity from LaGoDa for any sums that it might be required to pay plaintiff.

Rovira settled his claim against LaGoDa for $1,500 and dismissed the corporation as a defendant in suit. Larry and Mary Bolner were dismissed on exception. After trial the district court granted judgment in favor of National Fire against plaintiff on the main demand, finding that Rovira had not proved his claim for damages for retaliatory discharge against the insurer. Consequently the judge dismissed National Fire's third-party demand against LaGoDa as moot. On LaGoDa's third-party demand, the court granted judgment against National Fire and awarded LaGoDa $4,366.70 in attorney's fees, plus costs and interest.

National Fire appeals the fee award, arguing that because the policy issued to LaGoDa excluded coverage for Rovira's claim of retaliatory discharge, the district court acted erroneously in awarding attorney's fees. Alternatively, appellant contends that the fee award is excessive in that it includes charges unrelated to LaGoDa's defense against Rovira's claim. LaGoDa answers the appeal and seeks recovery of the $1,500 it paid in settlement of the wrongful discharge claim. Appellee prays for an additional $5,000 in fees for conduct of the trial and appeal.

DUTY TO DEFEND

National Fire argues in brief that it properly refused to defend the suit because the compensation policy issued to LaGoDa excluded coverage for Rovira's claims. The jurisprudence dictates that the onus of an incorrect denial of coverage lies with the insurer.

The insurer's duty to defend a suit brought against its insured is determined by the allegations of the plaintiff's petition. The insurer is obligated to furnish a defense unless the petition unambiguously and absolutely excludes coverage. American Home Assurance Company v. Czarniecki, 255 La. 251, 230 So.2d 253 (1969); Cute-Togs of N.O. v. La. Health Ser., Etc., 386 So.2d 87 (La.1980). If the allegations made against the insured, taken as true, would result in liability on the part of the insured that is unambiguously not covered by the policy, then the insurer has no duty to defend. Otherwise the insurer must provide a defense for its insured regardless of the final outcome of the underlying suit. Bourque v. Lehmann Lathe, Inc., 476 So.2d 1129 (La.App. 3 Cir.1985).

An interpretation of coverage under the policy is favored by law. Exclusions are read strictly in favor of the insured. Where more than one interpretation of an exclusion is reasonable, that affording coverage is adopted. Any limitation on coverage must be clear and express so as to inform the insured that it must take special measures to obtain other protection. Hebert v. First American Ins. Co., 461 So.2d 1141 (La.App. 5 Cir.1984). Where the pleadings allege coverage, even though in fact there is no coverage, the insurer may be cast for the insured's expenses in defending the suit. Hanover Ins. Co. v. Highlands Ins. Co., 511 So.2d 1296 (La.App. 2 Cir.1987).

In petition Rovira claimed that LaGoDa had discharged him without just cause. Alternatively, plaintiff contended that he was fired in violation of LSA-R.S. 23:1361, which imposes a civil penalty against an employer who is found to have discharged an employee for asserting a worker's compensation claim. National Fire based its refusal to defend on policy language which holds the insured responsible for payment due an employee discharged in violation of the compensation law.

*793 The district court found that LaGoDa had proved its third-party demand. That is, it found that National Fire should have defended LaGoDa against Rovira's claims, and so awarded defense costs. This ruling presupposes a finding that the policy in question did not unambiguously exclude coverage for Rovira's claims. We find that the district court was correct in its interpretation of the policy.

National Fire's compensation policy provides:

"Workers Compensation Law means the workers or workmen's compensation law and occupational disease law of each state or territory named in item 3.A. of the Information Page. It includes any amendments to that law which are in effect during the policy period. It does not include the provisions of any law that provide nonoccupational disability benefits.
* * * * * *
Terms of this insurance that conflict with the workers compensation law are changed by this statement to conform to that law.
* * * * * *
We will pay promptly when due the benefits required of you by the workers compensation law.
* * * * * *
We have the right and duty to defend at our expense any claim, proceeding or suit against you for benefits payable by this insurance. We have the right to investigate and settle these claims, proceedings or suits."

The provisions on which National Fire relied in denying coverage state:

"Payments You Must Make
You are responsible for any payments in excess of the benefits regularly provided by the workers compensation law including those required because:
1. of your serious and willful misconduct;
* * * * * *

4.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
551 So. 2d 790, 1989 WL 124615, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/rovira-v-lagoda-inc-lactapp-1989.