Rosenthal v. Hudson

360 S.E.2d 15, 183 Ga. App. 712, 1987 Ga. App. LEXIS 2052
CourtCourt of Appeals of Georgia
DecidedJuly 1, 1987
Docket74214
StatusPublished
Cited by16 cases

This text of 360 S.E.2d 15 (Rosenthal v. Hudson) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Georgia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Rosenthal v. Hudson, 360 S.E.2d 15, 183 Ga. App. 712, 1987 Ga. App. LEXIS 2052 (Ga. Ct. App. 1987).

Opinion

Benham, Judge.

Appellant and appellee were embroiled in a neighborhood dispute for several years. The dispute arose when appellant established a business in his house on the street through which traffic flowed to and from appellee’s business. The employees of appellant’s business parked their cars on the street, impeding traffic into and out of appel-lee’s business premises. One of appellee’s employees lived next door to appellant, and appellee would often go to that employee’s home. Alleging that appellee was staring into his windows from the employee’s driveway, appellant swore out a warrant for appellee’s arrest for being a peeping Tom (OCGA § 16-11-61). When that warrant was dismissed by a magistrate, appellee filed a suit for malicious prosecution. Appellant counterclaimed for invasion of privacy and intentional infliction of emotional distress. This appeal is from a judgment entered on a jury verdict for appellee.

1. Appellant’s first enumeration of error concerns the trial court’s refusal to give a jury charge purportedly requested by appellant. Since there are no requests to charge contained in the record of this case, there is nothing to review in that regard. Rewis v. Browning, 153 Ga. App. 352 (7) (265 SE2d 316) (1980).

2. In his second enumeration of error, appellant complains of the trial court’s admission into evidence of testimony calculated to arouse the jury’s sympathy for appellee. The testimony involved was an explanation by appellee of his presence in his employee’s driveway on a regular basis. Appellee explained that he went there to take the employee with him on his daily visits to his institutionalized retarded child. When appellant objected, the trial court noted that appellant had questioned appellee on the subject of his presence in the driveway, then instructed the jury that sympathy had nothing to do with the trial of this case.

As to appellant’s relevancy argument, we find the language of Southern Bell &c. Co. v. Coastal Transmission Svc., 167 Ga. App. 611 (4) (307 SE2d 83) (1983), to be appropriate: “The admission of evidence is a matter which rests largely within the sound discretion of the trial judge. However, ‘The Georgia rule favors the admission of any relevant evidence, no matter how slight its probative value.’ [Cits.] ‘Evidence of doubtful relevancy or competency should be admitted and its weight left to the jurors. [Cit.]’ ”

As to the sympathy objection, we note that after the trial court *713 gave curative instructions, appellant’s counsel thanked the court and did not pursue the issue. “The defendant is not in position to complain of the judge’s ruling because he acquiesced in the ruling. . . . No matter how erroneous the ruling might have been , a litigant cannot submit to a ruling, acquiesce in the ruling, and still complain of same. He is required to stand his ground and fight in order to successfully enumerate as error an erroneous ruling by the trial judge. Acquiescence completely deprives him of the right to complain further; he has agreed that the trial court’s ruling was correct by submitting to it. [Cit.]” Upshaw v. Cooper, 127 Ga. App. 690 (1) (194 SE2d 618) (1972).

3. Appellant questions the sufficiency of the evidence in his third enumeration of error. He centers his argument on the issue of probable cause for the procurement of a warrant for appellee’s arrest, relying on Smith v. Ragan, 140 Ga. App. 33 (2) (230 SE2d 89) (1976), for the proposition that appellant’s testimony that he consulted with a police officer prior to making the accusation establishes probable cause as a matter of law. In Smith, there was no evidence to counter the defendant’s showing on motion for summary judgment that probable cause had existed. In the present case, however, there was ample evidence that the relationship between the parties was bitter and that appellant was motivated by malice rather than by a belief that a criminal law had been violated. Even when one seeks professional advice before swearing out a criminal warrant, the issue of probable cause is one for the jury. Bailey v. Century Fin. Co., 118 Ga. App. 90, 91 (162 SE2d 835) (1968).

4. Appellant next contends that the trial court erred in permitting the jury to return an “improper verdict” and in failing to thereupon declare a mistrial or direct a verdict for appellant. This enumeration of error refers to the jury’s initial return of a verdict awarding appellee punitive damages only. After instructing the jury that punitive damages could not be awarded unless accompanied by an award of actual damages, the trial court ordered the jury to continue its deliberations and to determine whether appellee had suffered any actual damages before rendering its verdict.

It was not error to give the jury additional instructions and to have it reconsider its original verdict. Colonial Stores v. Fishel, 160 Ga. App. 739 (2) (288 SE2d 21) (1981). Nor was it error to fail to grant a mistrial or to direct a verdict since no motion for either relief was made. See McLemore v. Andrika, 121 Ga. App. 527 (2) (174 SE2d 371) (1970). Furthermore, since appellant’s counsel stated, when asked, that he had no objection to the content of the trial court’s additional instructions, he may not now raise such objections. Dept. of Transp. v. 2.734 Acres of Land, 168 Ga. App. 541 (2) (309 SE2d 816) (1983).

*714 5. When the jury asked for a recharge on the meaning of the word “malicious,” the trial court used a definition from Black’s Law Dictionary: “wrongful and done intentionally without just cause or excuse.” When appellant’s counsel insisted that the concept of lack of probable cause be included in that charge, the trial court recalled the jury and modified the definition, leaving the jury with the definition, “wrongfully and done intentionally without probable cause.” Appellant’s counsel continued to except to the charge, contending that it was confusing. In light of the trial court’s extremely thorough charge on probable cause and the recharge on the definition of “malicious,” we find appellant’s contention in that regard to be without merit. “On review the charge must be considered as a whole and each part in connection with every other part of the charge. [Cit.] A charge, torn to pieces and scattered in disjointed fragments may seem objectionable, although when put together and considered as a whole, it may be perfectly sound. The full charge being in the record, what it lacks when divided is supplied when the parts are all united. United they stand, divided they fall. [Cits.]” Robert & Co. Assoc. v. Tigner, 180 Ga. App. 836, 841 (351 SE2d 82) (1986).

6. During closing argument, appellant’s counsel objected to an argument by appellee’s counsel and moved for a mistrial. The trial court stated on the record that the argument was improper and, upon appellant’s counsel’s insistence, rebuked appellee’s counsel. The trial court denied appellant’s renewed motions for mistrial then and again after argument was completed and the jury had been released for the day. The trial court offered to give further curative instructions, but appellant insisted on his motion for mistrial.

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Bluebook (online)
360 S.E.2d 15, 183 Ga. App. 712, 1987 Ga. App. LEXIS 2052, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/rosenthal-v-hudson-gactapp-1987.