Riddick v. City of New York

4 A.D.3d 242, 772 N.Y.S.2d 294, 2004 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 1854
CourtAppellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
DecidedFebruary 24, 2004
StatusPublished
Cited by17 cases

This text of 4 A.D.3d 242 (Riddick v. City of New York) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Riddick v. City of New York, 4 A.D.3d 242, 772 N.Y.S.2d 294, 2004 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 1854 (N.Y. Ct. App. 2004).

Opinion

Order, Supreme Court, New York County (Faviola Soto, J.), entered April 25, 2003, which denied defendant’s motion for summary judgment dismissing the complaint, unanimously reversed, on the law, without costs, the motion granted and the [243]*243complaint dismissed. The Clerk is directed to enter judgment in favor of defendant dismissing the complaint.

Plaintiff, a New York City Police Department detective, was terminated from the Police Department effective May 27, 1997, following several instances of, inter alia, verbal abuse and assault. Specifically, in February 1994, plaintiff had a confrontation with his estranged wife, struck her in the face and threatened to kill her. As a result, the Department placed plaintiff on modified assignment and took his weapon away, but within a few months, restored him to full duty. The victim did not press criminal charges.

Thereafter, in December 1995, plaintiff assaulted his girlfriend by repeatedly punching her about the head and face in the presence of her three young children. Plaintiff was suspended without pay, arrested and charged with assault in the third degree, endangering the welfare of a child and harassment in the second degree. The Department placed plaintiff on modified assignment, referred him for alcohol counseling and filed charges and specifications specifically alleging that plaintiff had committed assault in the third degree in violation of a Department directive.

On September 3, 1996, plaintiff, who was represented by counsel, entered into a negotiated plea agreement with the Police Department. Specifically, plaintiff pleaded nolo contendere and agreed to 25 days suspension, forfeiture of five vacation days and placement on “Dismissal Probation” for one year. The plea agreement further provided that plaintiff understood that “the Police Commissioner may impose punishment of Dismissal or any lesser penalty he deems appropriate at any time during such period.” The Commissioner approved the plea agreement on October 2, 1996. The court dismissed the criminal complaint because the complainant refused to press charges.

Less than three weeks after plaintiff executed the written plea agreement, he again assaulted his girlfriend and in addition assaulted her 13-year-old daughter on her head and face. As a result, the police again arrested plaintiff and charged him with assault in the second degree, assault in the third degree, resisting arrest, endangering the welfare of a minor and harassment in the second degree. Consequently, the Department filed yet another set of charges and specifications, accusing plaintiff of assault in the second degree, assault in the third degree, endangering the welfare of a minor and resisting arrest, all in violation of Department directives. The Office of the Advocate for the Police Department recommended summary termination based on the fact that before the most recent assault, he had agreed to “Dismissal Probation” for a similar offense.

[244]*244During his tenure with the Police Department, which commenced in 1984, plaintiff was referred to the Police Department’s Alcohol Counseling Service Unit (CSU). The first referral was in 1990 after he engaged in physical altercations with his wife, threatened suicide and threw his gun at her. In 1994, the Department again referred plaintiff to CSU after he admitted he had resumed drinking. After his arrest in 1995, he was once again referred to CSU. At the time of his dismissal from the police force, plaintiff again admitted he was still drinking. According to plaintiff, despite his claim that he was no longer drinking at the time he was terminated, he was drinking, to some extent at least, until his last drink almost two years after his termination.

Against this factual backdrop, plaintiff sued New York City alleging, inter alia, that the City violated the Executive Law. Specifically, plaintiff claimed the City discriminated against him due to his alcohol dependency and that the City breached its obligation to rehabilitate him. The City moved to dismiss the complaint for failure to state a cause of action. In seeking dismissal, the City maintained that it had grounds to justify his termination wholly independent of plaintiffs alcoholism. The motion court (Richard F. Braun, J.) dismissed as untimely plaintiff’s additional claim, which, for all practical purposes, sought CPLR article 78 relief and is not at issue on appeal, and denied the balance of the City’s motion.

Thereafter, the City sought summary judgment dismissing the complaint, an application the City made more than 120 days after plaintiff filed the notice of issue. In that motion, the City argued that it terminated plaintiff for a legitimate, nondiscriminatory reason and that he did not have a disability of a kind which protected him under the New York State Human Rights Law. Plaintiff responded that the earlier order denying the City’s motion to dismiss for failure to state a cause of action was the law of the case and, further, that the motion was untimely. Substantively, plaintiff maintained that the City was aware of his alcoholism and that he was not drinking at the time he was terminated.

The court did not deny the summary judgment motion as untimely. Rather, the court found that the prior order which had denied the City’s motion to dismiss the first cause of action was the law of the case. In addition, the court concluded that issues of fact existed as to whether plaintiff suffered from a disability at the time of his termination and whether his dismissal was the result of that disability or was for a legitimate, nondiscriminatory reason.

[245]*245We disagree and reverse. Initially, we find plaintiffs reliance on the law of the case doctrine misplaced. That doctrine is inapplicable where, as here, a summary judgment motion follows a motion to dismiss (see Gannone v Wittman, 232 AD2d 298 [1996]) as the scope of review is distinct (see Tenzer, Greenblatt, Fallon & Kaplan v Capri Jewelry, 128 AD2d 467, 469 [1987]). We also reject plaintiffs argument that the order denying the City summary judgment should be affirmed because the motion was untimely. CPLR 3212 (a) provides that a party must move for summary judgment no later than 120 days after the filing of the note of issue, “except with leave of court on good cause shown.” We find no basis to disturb the Supreme Court’s decision to consider the motion, especially where, as here, a prompt decision on a meritorious motion serves the interests of judicial economy (see Baijnauth v City of New York, 286 AD2d 254 [2001]; Goodman v Gudi, 264 AD2d 758 [1999]) and, further, where plaintiff has not even alleged, let alone demonstrated, prejudice (see Luciano v Apple Maintenance & Servs., 289 AD2d 90, 90 [2001]; Acosta v 888 7th Ave. Assoc., 248 AD2d 284 [1998]). Indeed, the statute “does not provide a safe haven for frivolous or meritless lawsuits and ‘[foreclosing the opportunity for a summary judgment motion in a sense punishes the whole court system by keeping a case alive when an earlier arrangement for a decent funeral is possible’ ” (Rossi v Arnot Ogden Med. Ctr., 252 AD2d 778, 779 [1998] [Graffeo, J.], quoting Siegel, Supp Practice Commentaries, McKinney’s Cons Laws of NY, Book 7B, CPLR C3212:12, 1998 Pocket Part, at 62-63).

Turning to the merits, we note that alcohol dependency qualifies as a disability under the Human Rights Law (Executive Law § 292 [21] [a]; see Matter of McEniry v Landi, 84 NY2d 554, 559 [1994]).

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Bluebook (online)
4 A.D.3d 242, 772 N.Y.S.2d 294, 2004 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 1854, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/riddick-v-city-of-new-york-nyappdiv-2004.