Richmond Steel, Inc. v. Legal & General Assurance Society, Ltd.

799 F. Supp. 234, 1992 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 14286, 1992 WL 232319
CourtDistrict Court, D. Puerto Rico
DecidedAugust 14, 1992
DocketCiv. No. 90-2334 HL
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 799 F. Supp. 234 (Richmond Steel, Inc. v. Legal & General Assurance Society, Ltd.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, D. Puerto Rico primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Richmond Steel, Inc. v. Legal & General Assurance Society, Ltd., 799 F. Supp. 234, 1992 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 14286, 1992 WL 232319 (prd 1992).

Opinion

OPINION AND ORDER

LAFFITTE, District Judge.

Before the Court is a motion to dismiss by codefendant Valentin Beato (“Beato”). Plaintiff Richmond Steel, Inc. (“RSI”), a construction firm based in Texas, brought this claim for declaratory relief and monetary damages based on diversity jurisdiction 1. This case arises out of the construction of a project known as the “Mayaguez Composting Facility.” In 1987 Puerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer Authority (“PRASA”) contracted the engineering and architecture firm of Lebrón Associates (“Lebrón”) to design the facility. Beato participated in the preparation of these designs. PRASA contracted Constructora Lluch S.E., (“Lluch”) in May 1988 to build the facility. In October 1988, Lluch contracted RSI to manufacture and install the steel components of the facility. In October 1989, before RSI completed its work, a portion of the steel structure collapsed.

RSI seeks the following declarations: that Lebrón and Beato were negligent in their design work; that this negligence caused the collapse; that PRASA is liable for RSI’s damages because the former negligently approved these designs; that Lluch contributed to the collapse by its negligence in building the structure’s center columns, preparing the soil, and laying the foundation; that the respective insurers of Lebrón and Lluch are also liable to RSI; and that RSI is not liable to Legal and [237]*237General Assurance Society, Ltd. (“LGAS”), the insurer of the facility. A flurry of crossclaims, counterclaims, and third-party claims has followed. Lluch and LGAS have filed third-party claims against Royal Insurance Company of Puerto Rico, Inc. (“Royal”), RSI’s insurance company. They allege that Royal is liable to them for RSI’s negligence in the construction of the steel components. Royal is a Puerto Rico corporation.

Beato makes two arguments in his motion to dismiss. First, that the Court should not entertain this declaratory judgment action because RSI’s claim is a form of “procedural fencing.” Second, that Royal should be realigned as a plaintiff, thereby defeating diversity jurisdiction. For the reasons set forth below, the Court denies Beato’s motion on both grounds.

DECLARATORY JUDGMENT ACTIONS

The Declaratory Judgment Act states that “[i]n a case of actual controversy within its jurisdiction ... any court of the United States ... may declare the rights and other legal relations of any interested party seeking such declaration, whether or not further relief is or could be sought.2 ” The granting of declaratory relief is within the discretion of the district court. Green v. Mansour, 474 U.S. 64, 72, 106 S.Ct. 423, 428, 88 L.Ed.2d 371 (1985); El Día, Inc. v. Hernández Colón, 963 F.2d 488, 493 (1st Cir.1992). The Act does not create an independent basis of federal jurisdiction. Skelly Oil Co. v. Phillips Petroleum Co., 339 U.S. 667, 671-72, 70 S.Ct. 876, 879, 94 L.Ed. 1194 (1950). In diversity actions, the usual rules for determining jurisdiction apply. 10A Charles A. Wright, et al, Federal Practice and Procedure § 2766, at 735-36 (2d ed. 1983). The purpose of the declaratory judgment is to give “a means by which rights and obligations may be adjudicated in cases involving an actual controversy that has not reached the stage at which either party may seek a coercive remedy and in cases in which a party who could sue for coercive relief has not yet done so.” Id. § 2751, at 569.

In determining whether to grant declaratory relief, a court should consider the interests of the parties and of the public. Metro. Property & Liability Ins. Co. v. Kirkwood, 729 F.2d 61, 62 (1st Cir.1984). More specifically, a declaratory judgment should clarify the legal questions at issue and expedite resolution of the controversy. Id. at 62. An oft-cited passage regarding the appropriateness of declaratory relief is the following:

The two principal criteria guiding the policy in favor of rendering declaratory judgments are (1) when the judgment will serve a useful purpose in clarifying and settling the legal relations in issue, and (2) when it will terminate and afford relief from the uncertainty, insecurity, and controversy giving rise to the proceeding.

E. Borchard, Declaratory Judgments 299 (2d rev. ed. 1941). A declaratory judgment is appropriate when it will provide a final resolution to the controversy. Fed.R.Civ.P. 57 Advisory Committee’s notes; Will v. Calvert Fire Ins. Co., 437 U.S. 655, 672 n. 2, 98 S.Ct. 2552, 2562 n. 2, 57 L.Ed.2d 504 (1978) (Justices Burger, Brennan, Marshall, and Powell, dissenting) (quoting Maryland Casualty Co. v. Consumers Finance Service, 101 F.2d 514, 515 (3rd Cir.1938)). The existence of another adequate remedy does not automatically preclude a judgment for declaratory relief. Fed.R.Civ.P. 57; Kirkwood, 729 F.2d at 64.

The dispute in the case before the Court is over who is at fault for the collapse of the composting facility, who bears liability, and whether contracts between the parties have been breached. A declaratory judgment on these issues would certainly resolve the legal dispute between the parties and provide a final resolution of the controversy. Accordingly, the Court will exercise its discretion and proceed to hear this declaratory judgment action.

Beato argues that RSI, by seeking declaratory relief, is engaging in “procedural fencing,” and therefore the Court should dismiss this action. The Court disagrees. [238]*238“Procedural fencing” is often described as the tactic by which a party seeks to use an alternate forum, in this case the federal court, in a race for res judicata. See 6A James Wm. Moore, et al, Moore’s Federal Practice ¶ 57.08[5], at 57-50 (2d ed. 1991); Grand Trunk Western R.R. Co. v. Consol. Rail Corp., 746 F.2d 323, 326 (6th Cir.1984). For example, a party seeking a declaratory judgment in federal court before a parallel proceeding in state court can be resolved would be engaging in procedural fencing. In such a case, a federal court should decline to provide relief. Charles A. Wright, et al. § 2759, at 651. The problem of procedural fencing often arises when a controversy has proceedings in both state and federal court. See, e.g., ARW Exploration Corp. v. Aguirre, 947 F.2d 450, 454 (10th Cir.1991); Nationwide Mut. Fire Ins. Co. v. Willenbrink, 924 F.2d 104, 105 (6th Cir.1991); U.S. v. Com.

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799 F. Supp. 234, 1992 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 14286, 1992 WL 232319, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/richmond-steel-inc-v-legal-general-assurance-society-ltd-prd-1992.