Regal Kitchens, Inc. v. Florida Dept. of Revenue

641 So. 2d 158, 1994 Fla. App. LEXIS 7498, 1994 WL 391328
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedJuly 29, 1994
Docket93-994
StatusPublished
Cited by22 cases

This text of 641 So. 2d 158 (Regal Kitchens, Inc. v. Florida Dept. of Revenue) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Regal Kitchens, Inc. v. Florida Dept. of Revenue, 641 So. 2d 158, 1994 Fla. App. LEXIS 7498, 1994 WL 391328 (Fla. Ct. App. 1994).

Opinion

641 So.2d 158 (1994)

REGAL KITCHENS, INC., Appellant,
v.
FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE, Appellee.

No. 93-994.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, First District.

July 29, 1994.

*160 J. Riley Davis of Katz, Kutter, Haigler, Alderman, Marks and Bryant, Tallahassee, and Stanton G. Levin, P.A., Coral Gables, for appellant.

Robert A. Butterworth, Atty. Gen., and Jarrell L. Murchison, Asst. Atty. Gen., Tallahassee, for appellee.

Cynthia S. Tunnicliff of Pennington & Haben, Tallahassee, for amicus curiae Florida Auto. Dealers Ass'n.

Harold F.X. Purnell of Rutledge, Ecenia, Underwood & Purnell, P.A., Tallahassee, for amicus curiae Lodge Enterprises, Inc.

Bernard A. Barton, Jr., Douglas A. Wright, and Laurel J. Lenfestey of Holland & Knight, Tampa, for amicus curiae Anchor Glass Container Corp.

PADOVANO, Philip J., Associate Judge.

This is an appeal from a declaratory statement issued by the Department of Revenue. The appellant, Regal Kitchens, Inc., has advanced two arguments for reversal: (1) the declaratory statement is impermissibly broad in that it purports to declare a general policy that applies to an entire class of taxpayers, and (2) the position asserted by the Department on the merits of the case is incorrect. We have concluded that the first argument is meritorious and that portions of the declaratory *161 statement must be stricken. However, because we find no error in the Department's position on the merits, those portions of the declaratory statement specifically addressing the transaction in this case are affirmed.

Central to the tax controversy between the immediate parties is a dispute regarding the nature of the legal relationship between a corporation, a general partnership, and four individuals. The corporation, Regal Kitchens, conducts its business operations on improved real property owned by a general partnership known as 8600 Associates. The property consists of a manufacturing plant and offices. Four individuals are the principal owners of both the corporation and the partnership. Each of the principals owns stock in Regal Kitchens, Inc., in the same proportion that he owns his separate partnership interest in 8600 Associates.

The real property was once owned by Regal Kitchens subject to a mortgage in favor of the Banker's Life Company. In 1977, Regal decided to sell the property to 8600 Associates, and to lease it back. After the sale and leaseback, 8600 Associates assumed liability for payment of the note and mortgage to Banker's Life and Regal remained liable on the note. In 1981, Regal Kitchens obtained a loan from the Merchants Bank of Miami and used the equity in the property owned by 8600 Associates as collateral. At that time, 8600 Associates gave the Merchants Bank a second mortgage on the property. The loan agreement with Merchants Bank provides that a default on the first mortgage is a default on the second. Additionally, the four principals in Regal Kitchens and 8600 Associates guaranteed payment to Merchants Bank.

The agreement between Regal Kitchens and 8600 Associates was reduced to writing in the form of a commercial lease. According to the most recent version of the lease, Regal Kitchens pays rent each month and 8600 Associates applies the rental income to its payments on the first and second mortgages on the property and the insurance and taxes. There is no profit to 8600 Associates. The rent payments received from Regal do not exceed the total financial obligation by 8600 Associates for the expenses and the debt service. 8600 Associates is not engaged in any other business. Apparently, the partnership was formed for the sole purpose of taking title to the real property and leasing it back to Regal Kitchens.

Regal Kitchens formally requested that the Department of Revenue issue a technical assistance advisement to address the applicability of the sales tax laws to the transaction between Regal and 8600 Associates. On April 24, 1992, the Department answered by informing Regal Kitchens that the rental income paid to 8600 Associates under the written lease is taxable under chapter 212, Florida Statutes, and that it is not subject to any exemption. Regal then filed the petition for declaratory statement that has become the subject of this appeal. On March 2, 1993, the Department of Revenue issued the Declaratory Statement, once again taking the position that the rent paid by Regal Kitchens to 8600 Associates is subject to sales tax under chapter 212, the Florida Revenue Act.

The Department reasoned that the transaction was taxable under section 212.031, Florida Statutes (1989), and that Regal Kitchens was not entitled to a tax exemption under rule 12A-1.070(19)(c). This exemption applies if the consideration paid by one corporation to a related corporation for the use of property is equal to a debt secured by the property and if each of the corporations is equally liable on the debt. However, the Department concluded that Regal was not equally liable and that the exemption could not be used in a situation such as this, in which the owner is a general partnership and the operator is a corporation. In the process, the Department made a detailed analysis of rule 12A-1.070(19)(c).

The first issue is whether the declaratory statement is impermissibly broad. We conclude that it is. Section 120.565, Florida Statutes (1989), states in part that "[a] declaratory statement shall set out the agency's opinion as to the applicability of a specified statutory provision or of any rule or order of the agency as it applies to the petitioner in his particular set of circumstances only." This statute limits the use of a declaratory statement to an expression of the agency's position on an issue raised by an *162 individual petitioner in a particular set of facts. As this court observed in Florida Optometric Association v. Department of Professional Regulation, 567 So.2d 928, 937 (Fla. 1st DCA 1990), an administrative agency may not use a declaratory statement as a vehicle for the adoption of a broad agency policy or to provide statutory or rule interpretations that apply to an entire class of persons.

The declaratory statement in this case goes well beyond an expression of the Department's position on the issue presented by Regal Kitchens. The Department concluded that Regal Kitchens was not entitled to claim the exemption in rule 12A-1.070(19)(c) for rental payments between related corporations because the exemption must be strictly construed and because it does not apply to a rental payment made by a corporation to a general partnership. However, the declaratory statement was not limited to an analysis of the applicability of exemption under rule 12A-1.070(19)(c). On the contrary, much of the discussion is devoted to an expression of the Department's view that there is no statutory basis for the exemption. The Department disclaimed an intent to nullify the rule 12A-1.070(19)(c) exemption by stating that the rule "was duly promulgated and will be respected until it is repealed." Yet the message sent by the declaratory statement to a broad class of taxpayers was clear: the Department has concluded that the exemption stated in rule 12A-1.070(19)(c) for related corporations is not valid. An administrative agency cannot effectively repudiate one of its own rules by making a contrary expression in a declaratory statement.

Although the declaratory statement contains a detailed explanation of the Department's position regarding the validity of rule 12A-1.070(19)(c), that reasoning is not necessary to support the conclusion.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Society for Clinical and Medical Hair etc. v. Department of Health, Board of Medicine
183 So. 3d 1138 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 2015)
Thrivent Financial For Lutherans v. State of Florida, Dept. of Financial Services
145 So. 3d 178 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 2014)
City of St. Petersburg v. Remia
41 So. 3d 322 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 2010)
Carr v. Old Port Cove Property Owners Ass'n
8 So. 3d 403 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 2009)
Adventist Health Sys. v. AGENCY FOR HEALTH
955 So. 2d 1173 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 2007)
Lennar Homes, Inc. v. DEPART. OF BUSIN. AND PROF.
888 So. 2d 50 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 2004)
Ago
Florida Attorney General Reports, 2004
Crescent Miami Center, LLC v. DEPT. OF REVENUE, STATE
857 So. 2d 904 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 2003)
IPC Sports, Inc. v. State, Department of Revenue
829 So. 2d 330 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 2002)
Novick v. Department of Health
816 So. 2d 1237 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 2002)
Florida Mun. Power Agency v. Department of Rev.
764 So. 2d 914 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 2000)
Fla. Dept. of Bus. Reg. v. Invest. Corp.
747 So. 2d 374 (Supreme Court of Florida, 1999)
Department of Revenue v. Race
743 So. 2d 169 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1999)
Phymatrix Management Co. v. Bakarania
737 So. 2d 588 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1999)
Inv. Corp. v. Div. of Pari-Mut. Wagering
714 So. 2d 589 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1998)
Chiles v. Dept. of State, Div. of Elections
711 So. 2d 151 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1998)
S & W AIR VAC v. Dept. of Revenue
697 So. 2d 1313 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1997)
Agency for Health Care Admin. v. Wingo
697 So. 2d 1231 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1997)
Tampa Elec. v. Dept. of Community
654 So. 2d 998 (District Court of Appeal of Florida, 1995)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
641 So. 2d 158, 1994 Fla. App. LEXIS 7498, 1994 WL 391328, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/regal-kitchens-inc-v-florida-dept-of-revenue-fladistctapp-1994.