Pullman v. Alpha Media, Inc.
Opinion
14-3551-cv Pullman v. Alpha Media, Inc.
14‐3551‐cv Pullman v. Alpha Media, Inc.
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER
RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007 IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURTʹS LOCAL RULE 32.1.1.
WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION ʺSUMMARY ORDERʺ). A PARTY CITING A SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.
At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the City of New York, on the 24th day of September, two thousand fifteen.
PRESENT: ROBERT D. SACK, DENNY CHIN,
CHRISTOPHER F. DRONEY,
Circuit Judges.
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JACLINN PULLMAN, Plaintiff‐Appellant,
v. 14‐3551‐cv
ALPHA MEDIA PUBLISHING, INC., FKA DENNIS PUBLISHING, INC., QUADRANGLE GROUP, LLC, STEPHEN COLVIN, DOES 1‐20, ALPHA MEDIA GROUP, INC., Defendants‐Appellees,
PETER EZERSKY, Defendant.
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FOR PLAINTIFF‐APPELLANT: JACLINN PULLMAN, pro se, Tenafly, New Jersey.
FOR DEFENDANTS‐APPELLEES: CHARLES J. KEELEY, James F. Rittinger, Justin Klein, , Satterlee Stephens Burke & Burke LLP, New York, New York, PATRICK D. BONNER JR., John R. Menz, Joshua S.
Hackman, Menz Bonner Komar & Koenigsberg LLP, New York, New York, JOSHUA H.
EPSTEIN, Sara Hausner‐Levine, Davis & Gilbert LLP, New York, New York.
Appeal from orders of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (Crotty, J., and Netburn, M.J.).
UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that the orders of the district court are AFFIRMED.
Appellant Jaclinn Pullman, proceeding pro se, appeals from certain orders of the district court, including its orders entered March 28, 2013, November 6, 2013, September 10, 2014, and September 23, 2014.1 In particular, Pullman alleges that the district court erred or abused its discretion in (1) dismissing her claim against defendant‐appellee Stephen Colvin in his individual capacity under the New Jersey Consumer Fraud Act (the ʺCFAʺ), and denying her motions for leave to amend and for
1 Pullman filed her notice of appeal on September 24, 2014. The district court did not enter a final judgment in the case, but the September 10, 2014 order was in essence the ʺfinalʺ order of dismissal, as it directed the Clerk of the Court to close the case and defendants‐ appellees have not objected to the taking of this appeal. See Selletti v. Carey, 173 F.3d 104, 109‐10 (2d Cir. 1999). We consider the district courtʹs earlier orders, including the March 28, 2013 and November 6, 2013 orders, which were not ʺfinal,ʺ as merged into the final order of dismissal. See id. at 109 & n.5 (citing Allied Air Freight, Inc. v. Pan Am. World Airways, Inc., 393 F.2d 441, 444 (2d Cir. 1968)).
reconsideration in this respect, (2) enforcing an oral settlement agreement between Pullman and the corporate defendants, and (3) sealing the transcript of a settlement conference and the settlement amount. Pullman also moves before this Court to strike a portion of one of the defendant‐appelleeʹs briefs, and for this Court to take judicial notice of new evidence and of the magistrate judgeʹs ruling in another case.
The suit arises from Pullmanʹs claim that the defendants deceived her into investing in the Maxim Bungalows timeshare in the Dominican Republic, by misrepresenting that Maxim owned the timeshare when in fact it had merely licensed its trademark to the developer. Had she known of Maximʹs limited involvement, Pullman alleges, she would not have invested in the timeshare, which was purported to be a Ponzi scheme. Colvin was formerly an officer of defendant‐appellee Alpha Media Group, Inc.
We assume the partiesʹ familiarity with the underlying facts, procedural history of the case, and issues on appeal. 1. The CFA Claim Against Colvin We review de novo both the dismissal for failure to state a claim and the denial of leave to amend as futile. See Am. Civil Liberties Union v. Clapper, 785 F.3d 787, 800 (2d Cir. 2015); L‐7 Designs, Inc. v. Old Navy, LLC, 647 F.3d 419, 435 (2d Cir. 2011). We review the denial of reconsideration for abuse of discretion. Johnson v. Univ. of Rochester Med. Ctr., 642 F.3d 121, 125 (2d Cir. 2011).
The complaint must plead ʺenough facts to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face,ʺ Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 570 (2007), and ʺallow[] the court to draw the reasonable inference that the defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged,ʺ Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009). To state a CFA claim, a plaintiff must allege: ʺ1) unlawful conduct by defendant; 2) an ascertainable loss by plaintiff; and 3) a causal relationship between the unlawful conduct and the ascertainable loss.ʺ Bosland v. Warnock Dodge, Inc., 197 N.J. 543, 557 (2009). Corporate officers can be ʺindividually liable pursuant to the CFA for their affirmative acts of misrepresentation to a consumer.ʺ Allen v. V & A Bros., Inc., 208 N.J. 114, 131 (2011); see, e.g., G & F Graphic Servs., Inc. v. Graphic Innovators, Inc., 18 F. Supp. 3d 583, 587‐88 (D.N.J. 2014) (finding that plaintiff had sufficiently pleaded individual liability under CFA where complaint alleged that defendant ʺhimself made a material misrepresentationʺ to plaintiff). However, ʺthe factual circumstances that would support such relief have been limited.ʺ Green v. Morgan Props., 215 N.J. 431, 457 (2013).
Upon review, we conclude that the district court correctly ruled that Pullmanʹs complaint failed to state a CFA claim against Colvin, and that leave to amend would have been futile. We affirm for substantially the reasons set forth by the district court in its March 28, 2013 order, adopting the magistrate judgeʹs report and recommendation. Moreover, the denial of Pullmanʹs motion for reconsideration and
leave to amend, in light of the allegations raised in the motion, was not erroneous. None of the new evidence on which Pullman relies cures the defects in her complaint.
Pullman does not allege that Colvin made any statements to her directly, misleading or otherwise. Instead, she relies on Colvinʹs involvement in, among other things, designing and appearing in some of the marketing materials for the timeshare. She contends that Colvin claimed in promotional appearances to be ʺvery excited to be in partnership with [the timeshare developer] to develop the Maxim Bungalows,ʺ Docket No. 80 at 7, and that this ʹpartnershipʹ implied ownership of the Bungalows. But Colvinʹs reference to the partnership, and his statements in marketing materials, could just as naturally refer to what was in fact the licensing agreement between Alpha Media Publishing, Inc. and the timeshare developer.
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