Platinum Capital, Inc. v. Sylmar Plaza, L.P.

314 F.3d 1070
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
DecidedDecember 30, 2002
DocketNo. 00-57210
StatusPublished
Cited by13 cases

This text of 314 F.3d 1070 (Platinum Capital, Inc. v. Sylmar Plaza, L.P.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Platinum Capital, Inc. v. Sylmar Plaza, L.P., 314 F.3d 1070 (9th Cir. 2002).

Opinion

SCHWARZER, Senior District Judge.

Platinum Capital, Inc. (“Platinum”) appeals a decision of the Bankruptcy Appellate Panel (“BAP”) affirming the bankruptcy court’s order that confirmed the chapter 11 plan of reorganization of appellees Sylmar Plaza, L.P. and Rita H. and Roberta M. Hornwood (“the Hornwoods”).1 We must decide whether the bankruptcy court erred in finding a plan of reorganization was proposed in good faith under 11 U.S.C. § 1129(a)(3) where its sole purpose was to enable the debtors to “cure and reinstate” an obligation, thereby avoiding a contractual liability for default interest. We have jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1158(d) and affirm.

FACTUAL BACKGROUND

The Hornwoods have a diverse real estate portfolio worth more than $55 million in which they have a net equity exceeding $15 million. Their assets included Sylmar Plaza, a shopping center, which is the focus of the litigation between the Horn-woods and Platinum. The dispute arises over a secured loan of $8,073,237 made to the Hornwoods in 1992 by Platinum’s predecessor, Tokai Bank of California. In 1995, Tokai consented to the transfer of Sylmar to revocable family trusts, ostensibly created for estate planning purposes. The “Loan Assumption and Modification Agreement” attendant to that consent made three material changes in the loan agreement between the Hornwoods and Tokai: it changed the original variable interest rate to a fixed rate of 8.87% and a default interest rate of 13.87%; it extended the maturity date to April 3, 2000; and it forbade prepayment.

Sylmar apparently encountered cash flow problems beginning in 1995. In October 1997, the Hornwoods made their last payment to Tokai on the Sylmar loan, allowed taxes to become delinquent, and transferred Sylmar (without Tokai’s re[1073]*1073quired consent) to a new limited partnership, Sylmar Plaza, L.P. Simultaneously, they transferred the balance of their real estate portfolio to four other newly-created limited partnerships.

In June 1998, Tokai filed a judicial foreclosure action in state court against the Hornwoods, their two family trusts, and Sylmar Plaza, L.P. Tokai then sold its note to Platinum, which continued to prosecute the judicial foreclosure action through trial.

Sylmar Plaza, L.P. filed this chapter 11 case the day after the state court issued its Statement of Intended Decision in favor of Platinum on all issues in the judicial foreclosure action. Platinum promptly moved for relief from the automatic bankruptcy stay, in response to which the Hornwoods filed individual chapter 11 cases.

The bankruptcy court permitted Sylmar Plaza to be sold for approximately $7 million free and clear of Platinum’s lien, notwithstanding Platinum’s claim that its lien exceeded $10 million. Because Platinum did not appeal the sale order, its claim was bifurcated into a secured claim measured by the net proceeds of the sale of Sylmar Plaza (plus funds in the hands of the receiver appointed by the state court) and an unsecured claim for the balance.

The confirmed plan of reorganization provided for payment of both Platinum’s secured claim and its unsecured claim in full on the effective date of the plan. The procedural significance of this treatment was that Platinum’s claims would not be “impaired” under the plan and it would, therefore, not be entitled to reject the plan or receive “cram down” protections, including protection against “unfair discrimination” under 11 U.S.C. § 1129(b).2 The financial significance was to effect a “cure” of the default so that all interest, including post-petition interest, would be calculated at the 8.87% non-default rate, rather than the 13.87% default rate.3 The difference in accrued interest calculated between the two rates amounts to approximately $1 million. All other unsecured claims were to be paid 10% interest retroactive to the filing date of the bankruptcy case.

Platinum objected to confirmation, contending that the plan had not been “proposed in good faith” as required by 11 U.S.C. § 1129(a)(3). It made two arguments. First, it contended that examination of the various classes of claims revealed that the entire plan was conceived as a sham that had no material economic impact other than to deprive Platinum of the $1 million in default interest. Second, it argued that paying all other unsecured classes 10% post-petition interest while it would only receive 8.87% post-petition interest was so unfairly discriminatory as to cast doubt on the plan’s “good faith.” The bankruptcy court overruled Platinum’s objections, stating:

Well, I am going to find that I believe that all the requirements to have the plan confirmed have been satisfied under § 1129, including but not limited to § 1129(a)(3). I do believe that the plan has been proposed in good faith, given the — all the facts in the record and really the history of the case as well.

On appeal to the BAP, Platinum did not challenge the bankruptcy court’s factual findings but contended that the debtors [1074]*1074could not in good faith design a plan expressly to exploit § 1124(2) exclusively to their advantage. The BAP rejected the proposed per se rule, holding that good faith is determined by consideration of the totality of the circumstances on a case-by-case basis. Accepting that the debtors’ main purpose was to vitiate Platinum’s right to default interest, the BAP held that the bankruptcy court did not clearly err in finding that the plan met § 1129(a)(3)’s good faith requirement.

DISCUSSION

I. THE APPEAL IS NOT MOOT

The Hornwoods contend that Platinum’s appeal is moot because it failed to seek or obtain a stay pending appeal, and the plan has been substantially consummated. Their reliance on In re Roberts Farms, Inc., 652 F.2d 793 (9th Cir.1981), is misplaced. Even if the plan has been substantially consummated, because Platinum’s claim is only for monetary damages against solvent debtors, this is not a case in which it would be impossible to fashion effective relief. Nor has there been such a comprehensive change in circumstances as to render it inequitable for the court to consider the merits of the appeal. Id. at 798; see Baker & Drake v. Public Serv. Comm’n (In re Baker and Drake, Inc.), 35 F.3d 1348, 1351 (9th Cir.1994).

The Hornwoods’ further argument that the appeal is barred by res judicata because the bankruptcy court denied Platinum’s motion to dismiss is without merit. There can be no bar in the absence of a final judgment.

II. THE BAP CORRECTLY REJECTED A PER SE RULE UNDER § 1129(a)(3)

Platinum does not attack the bankruptcy court’s § 1129(a)(3) finding of good faith based on the totality of the circumstances.4

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Bluebook (online)
314 F.3d 1070, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/platinum-capital-inc-v-sylmar-plaza-lp-ca9-2002.