1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 SHAFAK PERVEZ, No. 2:18-cv-02793-KJM-KJN 12 Plaintiff, 13 v. ORDER 14 SACRAMENTO COUNTY, (ECF No. 33) 15 Defendant. 16 17 Defendant, County of Sacramento, brings this motion seeking to compel plaintiff to 18 provide an authorization for court records, answers to requests for admission, and answers to 19 interrogatories. (ECF No. 33.) Having considered the parties’ joint statement, arguments at the 20 hearing on this matter, and the relevant law, the court GRANTS defendant’s motion, but with the 21 clarifications and modifications mentioned below. 22 I. BACKGROUND 23 The underlying dispute concerns plaintiff being prevented from purchasing a firearm in 24 2017 due to her being committed to a mental health institution in 2000. (ECF No. 1 ¶ 17.) A 25 central issue in plaintiff’s complaint, and most of the disputed discovery, is whether plaintiff was 26 committed voluntarily or involuntarily. Plaintiff also alleges that while she was admitted to a 27 mental health institution, she never received the procedural safeguards—notice and a certification 28 review hearing—while at the institution. Plaintiff asserts this failure amounted to a deprivation of 1 due process and her institutionalization, therefore cannot be a used as a predicate to deprive her of 2 her Second Amendment Rights. 3 Plaintiff filed the present suit on October 17, 2018. After the court granted several state 4 defendants’ motion to dismiss (ECF No. 27), the action proceeded solely against defendant 5 Sacramento County. Defendant now seeks to compel several discovery responses related to 6 plaintiff’s mental health, her providers, and her allegations. (See ECF Nos. 33, 34.) 7 II. RELEVANT STATUTORY SCHEME AND LEGAL STANDARD 8 The California Lanterman-Petris-Short Act, California Welfare & Institution Code 9 §§ 5000 et seq., established a statutory scheme providing for the involuntary civil commitment of 10 individuals with mental health disorders. See id. § 5001. Section 5150 provides for a person, 11 upon a finding of probable cause, to be placed in an involuntary seventy-two-hour hold in a 12 psychiatric facility for evaluation and treatment when that person is determined to be a danger to 13 herself or others, or is gravely disabled, due to a mental health disorder. Id. § 5150. Under 14 section 5250(a), a person detained for seventy-two hours under Section 5150 may be detained for 15 up to fourteen additional days if the staff of the facility evaluates the person’s condition and finds 16 the person “is, as a result of a mental disorder . . . , a danger to others, or to himself or herself, or 17 gravely disabled.” Section 5150(i)(1) requires the treating facility to notify the committed person 18 of the right to an attorney and a hearing before a judge if the facility decides to hold the 19 committed person longer than seventy-two hours. 20 California Welfare & Institutions Code Section 8103(g)(1) bars a person certified for 21 intensive treatment under Section 5250 from owning, possessing, controlling, receiving or 22 purchasing, or attempting to own, possess, control, receive or purchase, any firearm for five years 23 after the person’s release from a mental health facility. A person committed under Section 5250, 24 however, may request a hearing to lift the prohibition, and may own, possess, control, receive, or 25 purchase any firearm if a court finds the State of California has not shown by a preponderance of 26 the evidence that the person would not be likely to use firearms in a safe and lawful manner. Id. 27 § 8103(g)(1), (4). Although Section 8103 on its face provides for only a five-year firearm 28 prohibition on persons subject to a Section 5250 hold, it creates in effect a lifetime firearm 1 prohibition under federal law because of Section 5250’s procedural safeguards and DOJ reporting 2 requirements. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(4) (imposing a lifetime firearm ban on any person “who 3 has been adjudicated as a mental defective” or “committed to a mental institution”).1 California 4 law directs the State Department of Hospitals to make records of Section 5250 determinations 5 available to the DOJ. Cal. Welf. & Inst. Code § 8104. 6 Under Rule 37 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, “a party seeking discovery may 7 move for an order compelling an answer, designation, production, or inspection.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 8 37(a)(3)(B). Such “motion may be made if . . . (iii) a party fails to answer an interrogatory 9 submitted under Rule 33.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(a)(3)(B). An “evasive or incomplete disclosure, 10 answer, or response must be treated as a failure to disclose, answer, or respond.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 11 37(a)(4). “District courts have ‘broad discretion to manage discovery and to control the course of 12 litigation under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 16.’” Hunt v. Cnty. of Orange, 672 F.3d 606, 13 616 (9th Cir. 2012) (quoting Avila v. Willits Envtl. Remediation Trust, 633 F.3d 828, 833 (9th 14 Cir. 2011)). 15 III. DISCUSSION 16 A. SACRAMENTO COUNTY SUPERIOR COURT RECORDS 17 Defendant first argues that plaintiff should be compelled to sign an authorization 18 permitting defendant to obtain potential court records regarding plaintiff’s September 2000 19 treatment. Plaintiff responds that the authorization defendant provided would require her to admit 20 that there was in fact a court hearing on her mental competency in September 2000, an issue she 21 vehemently disputes in this litigation. While the court is skeptical that plaintiff signing 22 defendant’s authorization would be equivalent to a judicial admission, defendant is instructed to 23 modify paragraph three of the authorization defendant provided plaintiff to include the bolded 24 language: “While it is my understanding that the Sacramento County Superior Court files for one 25
1 27 C.F.R. § 478.11(d) defines “committed to a mental institution” as “[a] formal commitment of 26 a person to a mental institution by a court, board, commission, or other lawful authority. The 27 term includes a commitment to a mental institution involuntarily. . . . The term does not include a person in a mental institution for observation or a voluntary admission to a mental institution.” 28 (emphasis added). 1 or more Sacramento County Superior Court proceedings involving me, if any, in or around the 2 year 2000 may have been purged. . . .” 3 The court finds that the documents that would potentially be released from this 4 authorization are relevant and discoverable, and therefore orders plaintiff to sign and notarize the 5 authorization plaintiff previously received from defendant, as modified above, by February 21, 6 2020.
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 SHAFAK PERVEZ, No. 2:18-cv-02793-KJM-KJN 12 Plaintiff, 13 v. ORDER 14 SACRAMENTO COUNTY, (ECF No. 33) 15 Defendant. 16 17 Defendant, County of Sacramento, brings this motion seeking to compel plaintiff to 18 provide an authorization for court records, answers to requests for admission, and answers to 19 interrogatories. (ECF No. 33.) Having considered the parties’ joint statement, arguments at the 20 hearing on this matter, and the relevant law, the court GRANTS defendant’s motion, but with the 21 clarifications and modifications mentioned below. 22 I. BACKGROUND 23 The underlying dispute concerns plaintiff being prevented from purchasing a firearm in 24 2017 due to her being committed to a mental health institution in 2000. (ECF No. 1 ¶ 17.) A 25 central issue in plaintiff’s complaint, and most of the disputed discovery, is whether plaintiff was 26 committed voluntarily or involuntarily. Plaintiff also alleges that while she was admitted to a 27 mental health institution, she never received the procedural safeguards—notice and a certification 28 review hearing—while at the institution. Plaintiff asserts this failure amounted to a deprivation of 1 due process and her institutionalization, therefore cannot be a used as a predicate to deprive her of 2 her Second Amendment Rights. 3 Plaintiff filed the present suit on October 17, 2018. After the court granted several state 4 defendants’ motion to dismiss (ECF No. 27), the action proceeded solely against defendant 5 Sacramento County. Defendant now seeks to compel several discovery responses related to 6 plaintiff’s mental health, her providers, and her allegations. (See ECF Nos. 33, 34.) 7 II. RELEVANT STATUTORY SCHEME AND LEGAL STANDARD 8 The California Lanterman-Petris-Short Act, California Welfare & Institution Code 9 §§ 5000 et seq., established a statutory scheme providing for the involuntary civil commitment of 10 individuals with mental health disorders. See id. § 5001. Section 5150 provides for a person, 11 upon a finding of probable cause, to be placed in an involuntary seventy-two-hour hold in a 12 psychiatric facility for evaluation and treatment when that person is determined to be a danger to 13 herself or others, or is gravely disabled, due to a mental health disorder. Id. § 5150. Under 14 section 5250(a), a person detained for seventy-two hours under Section 5150 may be detained for 15 up to fourteen additional days if the staff of the facility evaluates the person’s condition and finds 16 the person “is, as a result of a mental disorder . . . , a danger to others, or to himself or herself, or 17 gravely disabled.” Section 5150(i)(1) requires the treating facility to notify the committed person 18 of the right to an attorney and a hearing before a judge if the facility decides to hold the 19 committed person longer than seventy-two hours. 20 California Welfare & Institutions Code Section 8103(g)(1) bars a person certified for 21 intensive treatment under Section 5250 from owning, possessing, controlling, receiving or 22 purchasing, or attempting to own, possess, control, receive or purchase, any firearm for five years 23 after the person’s release from a mental health facility. A person committed under Section 5250, 24 however, may request a hearing to lift the prohibition, and may own, possess, control, receive, or 25 purchase any firearm if a court finds the State of California has not shown by a preponderance of 26 the evidence that the person would not be likely to use firearms in a safe and lawful manner. Id. 27 § 8103(g)(1), (4). Although Section 8103 on its face provides for only a five-year firearm 28 prohibition on persons subject to a Section 5250 hold, it creates in effect a lifetime firearm 1 prohibition under federal law because of Section 5250’s procedural safeguards and DOJ reporting 2 requirements. See 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(4) (imposing a lifetime firearm ban on any person “who 3 has been adjudicated as a mental defective” or “committed to a mental institution”).1 California 4 law directs the State Department of Hospitals to make records of Section 5250 determinations 5 available to the DOJ. Cal. Welf. & Inst. Code § 8104. 6 Under Rule 37 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, “a party seeking discovery may 7 move for an order compelling an answer, designation, production, or inspection.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 8 37(a)(3)(B). Such “motion may be made if . . . (iii) a party fails to answer an interrogatory 9 submitted under Rule 33.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 37(a)(3)(B). An “evasive or incomplete disclosure, 10 answer, or response must be treated as a failure to disclose, answer, or respond.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 11 37(a)(4). “District courts have ‘broad discretion to manage discovery and to control the course of 12 litigation under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 16.’” Hunt v. Cnty. of Orange, 672 F.3d 606, 13 616 (9th Cir. 2012) (quoting Avila v. Willits Envtl. Remediation Trust, 633 F.3d 828, 833 (9th 14 Cir. 2011)). 15 III. DISCUSSION 16 A. SACRAMENTO COUNTY SUPERIOR COURT RECORDS 17 Defendant first argues that plaintiff should be compelled to sign an authorization 18 permitting defendant to obtain potential court records regarding plaintiff’s September 2000 19 treatment. Plaintiff responds that the authorization defendant provided would require her to admit 20 that there was in fact a court hearing on her mental competency in September 2000, an issue she 21 vehemently disputes in this litigation. While the court is skeptical that plaintiff signing 22 defendant’s authorization would be equivalent to a judicial admission, defendant is instructed to 23 modify paragraph three of the authorization defendant provided plaintiff to include the bolded 24 language: “While it is my understanding that the Sacramento County Superior Court files for one 25
1 27 C.F.R. § 478.11(d) defines “committed to a mental institution” as “[a] formal commitment of 26 a person to a mental institution by a court, board, commission, or other lawful authority. The 27 term includes a commitment to a mental institution involuntarily. . . . The term does not include a person in a mental institution for observation or a voluntary admission to a mental institution.” 28 (emphasis added). 1 or more Sacramento County Superior Court proceedings involving me, if any, in or around the 2 year 2000 may have been purged. . . .” 3 The court finds that the documents that would potentially be released from this 4 authorization are relevant and discoverable, and therefore orders plaintiff to sign and notarize the 5 authorization plaintiff previously received from defendant, as modified above, by February 21, 6 2020. 7 Additionally, as discussed at the hearing on this matter, plaintiff is to submit a records 8 request to the Family Relations Courthouse defendant names in the parties’ joint statement, with 9 the authorization mentioned above. The parties are also instructed to go to the courthouse 10 together and retrieve the records if necessary. 11 B. REQUESTS FOR ADMISSION 10, 11, 12, 13, 32, AND 37 12 1. Requests 10-13 13 REQUEST FOR ADMISSION NO. 10: 14 Admit that YOU were hospitalized at Sutter Center for Psychiatry from July 2000 to 15 September 2000. Response: 16 Objection: This discovery request is vague and overbroad as to time. Responding party cannot admit or deny until propounding party provide specific dates to admit 17 or deny the fact. Responding party also objects to the term “hospitalized” being vague. 18
19 REQUEST FOR ADMISSION NO. 11: Admit that YOU received mental health treatment at Sutter Center for Psychiatry from 20 July 2000 to September 2000. Response: 21 Objection: This discovery request is vague and overbroad as to time. Responding party cannot admit or deny until propounding party provide specific dates to admit 22 or deny the fact. 23 REQUEST FOR ADMISSION NO. 12: 24 Admit that YOU received eletroconvulsive therapy for YOUR mental health condition while hospitalized at Sutter Center for Psychiatry from July 2000 to September 2000. 25 Response: Objection: This discovery request is vague and overbroad as to time. Responding 26 party cannot admit or deny until propounding party provide specific dates to admit 27 or deny the fact. Responding party also objects to the term “hospitalized” being vague. Responding party also object to this request as it is compound and 28 conjunctive. 1 REQUEST FOR ADMISSION NO. 13: Admit that YOU experienced memory problems after YOUR mental health treatment at 2 Sutter Center for Psychiatry from July 2000 to September 2000. Response: 3 Objection: This discovery request is vague and overbroad as to time. Responding 4 party cannot admit or deny until propounding party provide specific dates to admit or deny the fact. Responding party also objects to the term “problem” as it is not 5 clearly defined. Each of Plaintiff’s responses indicate that the time frame is “vague” and overbroad.” 6
7 Plaintiff takes issue with the term “memory problems” in request 13. At the hearing on this 8 matter, plaintiff agreed to admit that her doctor stated she was dealing with a memory problem. 9 Accordingly, plaintiff is instructed to respond to this request with that stipulation. Regarding 10 requests 10, 11, and 12, plaintiff is ordered to respond within the time allowed below. 11 2. Requests 32 and 37 12 13 REQUEST FOR ADMISSION NO. 32: Admit that YOU attended a certification hearing under California Welfare & Institutions 14 Code Section 5250 in a conference room at SCMHTC during YOUR stay at SCMHTC from 9/15/00 to 9/21/00. 15 Response: Objection: This discovery request is vague, ambiguous, and unintelligible so as to make a response because nowhere in California Welfare & Institutions Code 16 Section 5250 does it mention a “certification hearing.” 17 18 REQUEST FOR ADMISSION NO. 37: Admit that YOU received notice of a hearing under California Welfare & Institutions 19 Code Section 5250 during YOUR stay at SCMHTC from 9/15/00 to 9/21/00. Response: 20 Objection: This discovery request is vague, ambiguous, and unintelligible so as to make a response because nowhere in California Welfare & Institutions Code Section 21 5250 does it mention a “notice of a hearing.” 22 Plaintiff agrees to respond with the provision of including Section 5250 “et seq.” Plaintiff is to 23 respond to these requests with that clarification within the time allowed below. 24 C. INTERROGATORIES 2, 5, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, AND 19 25 1. Interrogatories 2, 5, 9, 10, and 11 26 27 INTERROGATORY NO. 2: Identify all PERSONS (including name, ADDRESS, and telephone number) with knowledge of the facts set forth in YOUR response to 28 Interrogatory No. 1 1 Response: Objection: Responding party objects to this discovery request as it is vague and 2 oppressive as it requires responding party to “Identify all PERSONS”. Not waiving said objection, responding party will answer this interrogatory limited to her 3 knowledge of facts. Responding party also objects to this Interrogatory as it violates 4 third parties’ right of privacy. Responding party will only provide the names of public individuals. 5 Xavier Becerra, Attorney General Shafak Pervez, Reach through Counsel 6 Betty Gamez, MRT; 2150 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, CA 95817; 7 916-875-1000
8 INTERROGATORY NO. 5: Identify all PERSONS (including name, ADDRESS, and telephone number) with 9 knowledge of the facts set forth in YOUR response to Interrogatory No. 4. Response: 10 Objection: Responding party objects to this discovery request as it is vague and 11 oppressive as it requires responding party to “Identify all PERSONS”. Not waiving said objection, responding party will answer this interrogatory limited to her 12 knowledge of facts presently known. Responding party further objects that this discovery request violates third parties’ right of privacy and will only disclose the 13 names of those who are listed on documents related to medical records or employees working for government agencies. Responding party is unaware of the names and 14 contact information of individuals responsive to this discovery request. 15 INTERROGATORY NO. 9: 16 Identify all PERSONS (including name, ADDRESS, and telephone number) who had any COMMUNICATION with YOU relating to YOUR mental health condition(s), including 17 but not limited to friends and family members, between the date of YOUR discharge from Sutter Center for Psychiatry in September 2000 and YOUR stay at SCMHTC in 18 September 2000. 19 Response: Xyz 20 INTERROGATORY NO. 10: 21 Identify all PERSONS (including name, ADDRESS, and telephone number), including but not limited to friends and family members, with knowledge regarding YOUR stay at 22 SCMHTC from September 15, 2000 to September 21, 2000. 23 Response: Objection: Responding party objects to this discovery request as it is vague and 24 oppressive as it requires responding party to “Identify all PERSONS”. Not waiving said objection, responding party will answer this interrogatory limited to her 25 knowledge of facts presently known. Responding party further objects that this discovery request violates third parties’ right of privacy and will only disclose the 26 names of those who are listed on documents related to medical records or employees 27 working for government agencies. Responding party elects to produce documents in response to this discovery request. Please see PERVEZ_05144-0520; 0526-0545. 28 1 INTERROGATORY NO. 11: Identify all PERSONS (including name, ADDRESS, and telephone number) who were 2 living in YOUR household at the time YOUR stay at SCMHTC began on September 15, 2000. 3 Response: 4 Objection: Responding party objects to this discovery request as it is vague and oppressive as it requires responding party to “Identify all PERSONS”. Not waiving 5 said objection, responding party will answer this interrogatory limited to her knowledge of facts presently known. Responding party further objects that this 6 discovery request violates third parties’ right of privacy and will only disclose the 7 names of those who are listed on documents related to medical records or employees working for government agencies. 8 9 Plaintiff’s rationale of protecting third-parties’ privacy rights is directly contradicted by Federal 10 Rule of Civil Procedure 26, which requires initial disclosure of “the name and, if known, the 11 address and telephone number of each individual likely to have discoverable information.” Fed 12 R. Civ. P 26(a)(1)(A)(i). The generic information outlined in Rule 26 is all that defendant is 13 requesting in the present case. Additionally, cases involving third-party privacy rights generally 14 deal with much more intimate information. See Lakes v. Bath & Body Works LLC, No. 2:16- 15 CV-2989 MCE GGH, 2018 WL 1071335, at *4 (E.D. Cal. Feb. 23, 2018) (requiring a protective 16 order before personal information such as Social Security number, medical records, financial 17 records are disclosed); see also Hutton v. City of Martinez, 219 F.R.D. 164, 167 (N.D. Cal. 2003) 18 (production of medical records and workers’ compensation files under protective order 19 adequately safeguarded privacy concerns). The concern of disclosing intimate personal 20 information is not present with these interrogatories. 21 Plaintiff’s argument that these requests are irrelevant is unavailing. Plaintiff’s claim is, at 22 least in part, premised on her mental health treatment being voluntary, not involuntary. These 23 interrogatories are sufficiently tailored to seek information germane to that inquiry. Accordingly, 24 plaintiff is ordered to respond to these interrogatories within the time allowed below. 25 3. Interrogatories 14 and 15 26 INTERROGATORY NO. 14: 27 STATE ALL FACTS that support YOUR contention that the COUNTY OF 28 SACRAMENTO unjustifiably and erroneously operated a firearm prohibition reporting 1 system as alleged in paragraph 66 of the COMPLAINT. Response: 2 Objection: This discovery request is cumulative, unduly burdensome and oppressive as propounding party’s Interrogatory No. 1 covers the same information to be 3 discovered in this request. 4 INTERROGATORY NO. 15: 5 STATE ALL FACTS that support YOUR contention that the COUNTY OF SACRAMENTO unjustifiably and unreasonably failed to operate a firearm prohibition 6 reporting system that maintained thorough and clear documentation to substantiate any 7 record that would lead to a prohibition of a citizen’s constitutional right to own, posses, or purchase a firearm as alleged in paragraph 67 of the COMPLAINT. 8 Response: Objection: This discovery request is cumulative, unduly burdensome and oppressive 9 as propounding party’s Interrogatory No. 1 covers the same information to be discovered in this request. 10
11 Plaintiff is ordered to respond to these interrogatories. If plaintiff believes that her prior response 12 has effectively responded to these interrogatories, she is free to assert the same. 13 4. Interrogatories 16 and 17 14
15 INTERROGATORY NO. 16: Do YOU contend that YOU were not hospitalized for a mental health condition under 16 California Welfare & Institutions Code Section 5250 by the COUNTY OF SACRAMENTO in September 2000? 17 Response: Objection: This discovery request is vague, ambiguous, and unintelligible so as to 18 make a response impossible without speculation as the meaning of the question. A 19 review of California Welfare & Institutions Code Section 5250 provides that the term “hospitalized” is never used. Plaintiff is unable to respond this discovery 20 request.
21 INTERROGATORY NO. 17: If YOUR answer to Interrogatory No. 16 is in the affirmative, STATE ALL FACTS that 22 support YOUR contention that YOU were not hospitalized for a mental health condition 23 under California Welfare & Institutions Code Section 5250 by the COUNTY OF SACRAMENTO in September 2000. 24 Response: N/A 25 26 The parties informed the court that they have reached an agreement regarding these 27 interrogatories, and therefore the court does not address them here.
28 1 5. Interrogatory 19 2 INTERROGATORY NO. 19: 3 Identify all PERSONS (including name, ADDRESS, and telephone number) who provided mental health treatment and/or evaluation for YOUR mental health condition(s) 4 between January 1, 2000 and July 22, 2000. Response: 5 Objection: Responding party objects to this discovery request as it is not 6 proportional to the needs of this case because the information request is not important to the present action. Propounding party has been provided with 7 documentation that the 5250 hold stemmed from its mental health facility in September of 2000. The case is alleging causes of action stemmed in procedural and 8 substantive due process rights considerations. Attenuated medical records have no impact on the outcome of this case and requesting responding party to expend 9 resources is improper for such evidentiary fishing expeditions. 10 11 | As discussed in section III(C)(1) above, this information is relevant to plaintiff's claim, and is 12 | therefore discoverable. Plaintiff is ordered to respond to this interrogatory within the time 13 | allowed below. 14 | IV. CONCLUSION 15 Accordingly, it is HEREBEY ORDERED that defendant’s motion to compel is 16 | GRANTED with the conditions and clarifications mentioned above. Consistent with this order, 17 | plaintiff shall respond to defendant’s request for admissions, interrogatories, and provide 18 | defendant a signed and notarized authorization by February 21, 2020. The parties are additionally 19 | ordered to jointly seek plaintiffs records, via the authorization, as outlined above. 20 | ITIS SO ORDERED 21 | Dated: February 13, 2020 22 □□□ AO 23 EKENDALLJ. WEA UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 24 .2793.pere 25 26 27 28