Williams, J.
This is one of a quartette of cases dealing with guilty pleas.1
[309]*309This case presents two basic issues before this Court: 1. Whether the defendant’s guilty plea was freely, understandingly, and voluntarily made; 2. Whether the defendant was adequately informed of his constitutional rights by the trial court.
A third question was also raised: Whether the defendant was prejudicially denied counsel at the time of his sentencing.
The defendant Eoger Johnson and one Clifton Downing were charged on August 10, 1962, with first-degree murder in the shooting death of Eugene Oliver. The defendant originally pled not guilty, but then on November 26, 1962, withdrew that plea and pled guilty to the included offense of second-degree murder. He was sentenced to a prison term of not less than 20 years, or more than 40 years.
On September 8, 1967, the defendant filed a delayed motion for setting aside of his plea of guilty and for a new trial. This motion was denied by the trial court on January 30, 1968. An application for delayed appeal was denied by the Court of Appeals on August 30, 1968. This Court granted [310]*310the defendant’s delayed application for leave to appeal on June 24, 1969.
I.
In the instant case, the defendant waited five years before attempting to have his guilty plea set aside. While there is no final time limitation by existing rule, we do not look with favor upon a long-delayed motion for a new trial. People v. Barrows (1959), 358 Mich 267, 272. We recognize the problems of the people in prosecuting the defendant for an offense committed nearly a decade ago.
Appeals such as this one illustrate the need for a court rule which would allow as of right hearings on the merits by motion in the trial court to vacate conviction and to withdraw the guilty plea only for a fixed reasonable period, for' example the first 90 days following the date of sentencing. Such a rule would afford defendants ample opportunity to appeal alleged deprivation of their constitutional rights, while at the same time eliminating long-delayed motions for new trials. Thereafter hearing would only be on good cause shown, both on the merits and reason for delay.
As noted in Rufus Williams (1971), 386 Mich 277 also decided this day, this Court is setting up a committee comprised of members of the Bench and Bar to re-evaluate our current court rule on the acceptance of guilty pleas. That committee should also give serious consideration to a provision limiting the time to move as of right for the withdrawal of a guilty plea and the grant of a new trial.
II.
The defendant’s major contention is that his plea of guilty was not freely, understandingly, and volun[311]*311tarily made. He alleges in an unsupported affidavit that his plea was coerced in that after his arrest he was beaten by a police official until he passed out, and then warned he would be given more of the same if he did not plead guilty. The defendant further alleges that his plea was induced in that he was promised by his attorney, the assistant prosecutor, and a police officer that if he pled guilty he would receive a maximum sentence of ten years in prison. None of these allegations obviously were a matter of record at the time the guilty plea was received.
MCLA § 768.35 (Stat Ann 1954 Rev § 28.1058) deals with the acceptance of guilty pleas and requires the trial court to satisfy itself “ ** * * that said plea was made freely, with full knowledge of the nature of the accusation, and without undue influence.”
Court Rule No 35A (1945) requires “ * * * that the plea was freely, understandingly and voluntarily made, without undue influence, compulsion or duress, and without promise of leniency.” A review of the law in this area illustrates that if the allegations contained in the defendant’s affidavit are true, his plea of guilty must be vacated.2
[312]*312This Court dealt with alleged coerced pleas of guilty in the case of People v. Coates (1953), 337 Mich 56. The defendant in Coates pled guilty to the crimes of rape and robbery armed in 1929. Subsequently he moved to have those pleas vacated in 1947 alleging that he had been threatened with death by police officials if he did not plead guilty. The defendant’s contentions were supported only by his [313]*313own affidavit, and were contradicted by the testimony of the police officials involved. While this Court affirmed the defendant’s convictions in Coates, we also noted that if his allegation was true, it would be grounds for setting aside his plea of guilty:
“We have no hesitation in holding that if such threats came to the attention of any circuit judge a plea of guilty would not be accepted. Moreover, defendant’s answers to questions propounded by Judge Black in open court after his plea of guilty was made contradicts the claim he now makes. In our opinion defendant’s plea of guilty was voluntarily made and with knowledge of the consequences.” 337 Mich 56, 75.
This Court was concerned with a plea of guilty allegedly obtained by inducement in the case of In Re Valle (1961), 364 Mich 471. In that case the defendant pled guilty to the charge of breaking and entering in the nighttime after his court-appointed counsel stated in open court that the prosecutor would not oppose probation with a six months’ jail term. The defendant was subsequently sentenced to 5 to 15 years in prison. In holding that such a plea was unlawfully induced and not voluntary, this Court stated:
“In this situation we do not require that the promise of leniency be established beyond any doubt whatever, or even beyond any reasonable doubt in the mind of one learned in the law and acquainted with judicial administration. The requirement is far less stringent: If the evidence establishes that the prosecutor or the judge has made a statement which fairly interpreted by the defendant (in our case of foreign extraction and with only an eighth-grade education, presumably in court for the first time) is a promise of leniency, and the assurance is unfulfilled, the plea may be withdrawn and the case proceed to trial.” 364 Mich 471, 477, 478.
[314]*314The United States Supreme Court has also dealt with the problem of induced pleas of guilty. In Machibroda v. United States (1962), 368 US 487 (82 S Ct 510, 7 L Ed 2d 473) the defendant had pled guilty to two charges of bank robbery in 1956. He was sentenced to imprisonment for 25 years on one charge and for 15 years on the other, the sentences to run consecutively. In 1959 the defendant moved to have his pleas of guilty vacated on the grounds that they had been obtained by promises and threats. An accompanying affidavit of the defendant stated that the United States Attorney had promised him that he would receive a maximum total sentence of 20 years if he pled guilty. The defendant also alleged that the United States Attorney told him that two unsolved bank robberies would be added to his difficulties if he did not plead guilty.
Jn vacating the defendant’s plea of guilty the United States Supreme Court stated:
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Williams, J.
This is one of a quartette of cases dealing with guilty pleas.1
[309]*309This case presents two basic issues before this Court: 1. Whether the defendant’s guilty plea was freely, understandingly, and voluntarily made; 2. Whether the defendant was adequately informed of his constitutional rights by the trial court.
A third question was also raised: Whether the defendant was prejudicially denied counsel at the time of his sentencing.
The defendant Eoger Johnson and one Clifton Downing were charged on August 10, 1962, with first-degree murder in the shooting death of Eugene Oliver. The defendant originally pled not guilty, but then on November 26, 1962, withdrew that plea and pled guilty to the included offense of second-degree murder. He was sentenced to a prison term of not less than 20 years, or more than 40 years.
On September 8, 1967, the defendant filed a delayed motion for setting aside of his plea of guilty and for a new trial. This motion was denied by the trial court on January 30, 1968. An application for delayed appeal was denied by the Court of Appeals on August 30, 1968. This Court granted [310]*310the defendant’s delayed application for leave to appeal on June 24, 1969.
I.
In the instant case, the defendant waited five years before attempting to have his guilty plea set aside. While there is no final time limitation by existing rule, we do not look with favor upon a long-delayed motion for a new trial. People v. Barrows (1959), 358 Mich 267, 272. We recognize the problems of the people in prosecuting the defendant for an offense committed nearly a decade ago.
Appeals such as this one illustrate the need for a court rule which would allow as of right hearings on the merits by motion in the trial court to vacate conviction and to withdraw the guilty plea only for a fixed reasonable period, for' example the first 90 days following the date of sentencing. Such a rule would afford defendants ample opportunity to appeal alleged deprivation of their constitutional rights, while at the same time eliminating long-delayed motions for new trials. Thereafter hearing would only be on good cause shown, both on the merits and reason for delay.
As noted in Rufus Williams (1971), 386 Mich 277 also decided this day, this Court is setting up a committee comprised of members of the Bench and Bar to re-evaluate our current court rule on the acceptance of guilty pleas. That committee should also give serious consideration to a provision limiting the time to move as of right for the withdrawal of a guilty plea and the grant of a new trial.
II.
The defendant’s major contention is that his plea of guilty was not freely, understandingly, and volun[311]*311tarily made. He alleges in an unsupported affidavit that his plea was coerced in that after his arrest he was beaten by a police official until he passed out, and then warned he would be given more of the same if he did not plead guilty. The defendant further alleges that his plea was induced in that he was promised by his attorney, the assistant prosecutor, and a police officer that if he pled guilty he would receive a maximum sentence of ten years in prison. None of these allegations obviously were a matter of record at the time the guilty plea was received.
MCLA § 768.35 (Stat Ann 1954 Rev § 28.1058) deals with the acceptance of guilty pleas and requires the trial court to satisfy itself “ ** * * that said plea was made freely, with full knowledge of the nature of the accusation, and without undue influence.”
Court Rule No 35A (1945) requires “ * * * that the plea was freely, understandingly and voluntarily made, without undue influence, compulsion or duress, and without promise of leniency.” A review of the law in this area illustrates that if the allegations contained in the defendant’s affidavit are true, his plea of guilty must be vacated.2
[312]*312This Court dealt with alleged coerced pleas of guilty in the case of People v. Coates (1953), 337 Mich 56. The defendant in Coates pled guilty to the crimes of rape and robbery armed in 1929. Subsequently he moved to have those pleas vacated in 1947 alleging that he had been threatened with death by police officials if he did not plead guilty. The defendant’s contentions were supported only by his [313]*313own affidavit, and were contradicted by the testimony of the police officials involved. While this Court affirmed the defendant’s convictions in Coates, we also noted that if his allegation was true, it would be grounds for setting aside his plea of guilty:
“We have no hesitation in holding that if such threats came to the attention of any circuit judge a plea of guilty would not be accepted. Moreover, defendant’s answers to questions propounded by Judge Black in open court after his plea of guilty was made contradicts the claim he now makes. In our opinion defendant’s plea of guilty was voluntarily made and with knowledge of the consequences.” 337 Mich 56, 75.
This Court was concerned with a plea of guilty allegedly obtained by inducement in the case of In Re Valle (1961), 364 Mich 471. In that case the defendant pled guilty to the charge of breaking and entering in the nighttime after his court-appointed counsel stated in open court that the prosecutor would not oppose probation with a six months’ jail term. The defendant was subsequently sentenced to 5 to 15 years in prison. In holding that such a plea was unlawfully induced and not voluntary, this Court stated:
“In this situation we do not require that the promise of leniency be established beyond any doubt whatever, or even beyond any reasonable doubt in the mind of one learned in the law and acquainted with judicial administration. The requirement is far less stringent: If the evidence establishes that the prosecutor or the judge has made a statement which fairly interpreted by the defendant (in our case of foreign extraction and with only an eighth-grade education, presumably in court for the first time) is a promise of leniency, and the assurance is unfulfilled, the plea may be withdrawn and the case proceed to trial.” 364 Mich 471, 477, 478.
[314]*314The United States Supreme Court has also dealt with the problem of induced pleas of guilty. In Machibroda v. United States (1962), 368 US 487 (82 S Ct 510, 7 L Ed 2d 473) the defendant had pled guilty to two charges of bank robbery in 1956. He was sentenced to imprisonment for 25 years on one charge and for 15 years on the other, the sentences to run consecutively. In 1959 the defendant moved to have his pleas of guilty vacated on the grounds that they had been obtained by promises and threats. An accompanying affidavit of the defendant stated that the United States Attorney had promised him that he would receive a maximum total sentence of 20 years if he pled guilty. The defendant also alleged that the United States Attorney told him that two unsolved bank robberies would be added to his difficulties if he did not plead guilty.
Jn vacating the defendant’s plea of guilty the United States Supreme Court stated:
“There can be no doubt that, if the allegations contained in the petitioner’s motion and affidavit are true, he is entitled to have his sentence vacated. A guilty plea, if induced by promises or threats which deprive it of the character of a voluntary act, is void. A conviction based upon such a plea is open to collateral attack.” 368 US 487, 493.
In the instant case, there is no record of the trial court proceedings on the defendant’s motion to set aside the guilty plea. We have no basis for determining whether or not the trial court abused its discretion in denying the defendant’s motion for a new trial. Therefore we must remand this case for an evidentiary hearing3 with Valle as a guide to determine if the defendant’s guilty plea was “ * * # [315]*315freely, understanding^ and voluntarily made, without undue influence, compulsion or duress, and without promise of leniency.” If the defendant’s guilty plea was unlawfully coerced or induced, then it must be vacated and a new trial granted.
III.
The defendant also alleges that his plea was not voluntary because he then believed an allegedly improperly exacted statement made by him to the police concerning the crime would be admissible as evidence. Without considering whether or not the statement would have been admissible, relying upon McMann v. Richardson (1970), 397 US 759 (90 S Ct 1441, 25 L Ed 2d 763) we dismiss this argument of the defendant. In McMann, the United States Supreme Court affirmed the guilty plea conviction of a defendant who alleged that he pled guilty due to a prior coerced confession. The Court stated that a plea entered under such circumstances with the advice of counsel is a voluntary act. The defendant in the instant case was advised by counsel at the time of his plea and therefore in light of McMann, supra, his argument on this issue must fail.
IV.
The defendant argues that the trial judge erred in failing to inform him of his constitutional right to confront witnesses, and of his presumption of innocence. The transcript of the plea proceedings is silent as to any such instructions. (See Transcript of Plea Proceedings attached as Appendix I of this opinion.) The defendant further alleges that the trial court committed error due to its failure to instruct the defendant as to the nature of the offense, and to establish a factual basis for the defendant’s [316]*316plea. It would also appear that the trial judge did not inform the defendant of his right against self-incrimination, though the defendant has failed to raise this point in his brief.
As People v. Williams, supra, indicates, this Court will shortly adopt a strict compliance standard in the taking of guilty pleas. This case, however, is still governed by the substantial compliance standard enumerated in People v. Stearns (1968), 380 Mich 704.
Though the plea proceeding transcript is improperly silent as to the above points, it is possible that the proper instructions to the defendant took place at an earlier stage of the proceedings. Therefore, on remand, the trial court should determine whether the defendant was properly informed on the record at any time prior to the acceptance of his guilty plea. See Williams, supra. If the evidentiary hearing does not disclose that the defendant was substantially informed of each of his rights, then his motion to vacate his plea of guilty must be granted.
V.
The defendant’s final contention of error is that he was effectively denied counsel at the time of his sentencing. This allegation concerns the sentence he received and not his conviction.
We agree with the Court of Appeals’ decision in People v. Dye (1967), 6 Mich App 217. In that case the trial court sentenced the defendant in the absence of counsel. In remanding for a new sentencing, then-Judge, now Justice T. Gr. Kavanagh stated that the Sixth Amendment of the United States Constitution, applicable to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment, requires counsel to be present at the time one convicted of a crime is sentenced. This reasoning finds further support in Gadsden v. [317]*317United States (1955), 96 App DC 162 (223 F2d 627) and Martin v. United States (CA 5, 1950), 182 F2d 225. Sentencing is a critical stage in the criminal proceedings, and absent an intelligent waiver the defendant must be represented by counsel.
The people’s brief argues that Mr. Pliskow, attorney for a codefendant, provided sufficient representation for the defendant. The defendant should have been represented by his own counsel. A situation in which a single attorney represents two or more defendants easily gives rise to a conflict of interest.
Two defendants in Glasser v. United States (1941), 315 US 60 (62 S Ct 457, 86 L Ed 680) were convicted of conspiracy to defraud the United States. One defendant, Glasser, had retained an attorney to represent him. Prior to the trial, the court appointed the same attorney to represent a second defendant. On appeal, Glasser’s conviction was affirmed by the Seventh Circuit of the United States Court of Appeals.
The United States Supreme Court reversed Glasser’s conviction on the ground that the trial court had denied his right to have the effective assistance of counsel as guaranteed by the Sixth Amendment. The Court held that when the possibility exists that conflicting interests may arise, two defendants should not be represented by the same attorney.
This case is of particular interest due to the fact that Glasser himself was an attorney and did not raise a specific objection to the trial court’s final decision to appoint Glasser’s attorney as counsel for his codefendant as well. In spite of these circumstances, the United States Supreme Court still reversed Glasser’s conviction.
[318]*318Before this Court the defendant makes a further assignment of error due to the fact that he was not provided with an opportunity to speak at the time he was sentenced. This issue was not raised in either the trial court or the Court of Appeals, and therefore will not be considered by this Court. Lake Erie Land Co. v. Chilinski (1917), 197 Mich 214.
If on remand the defendant’s plea is found to have been legally accepted, then a resentencing must take place. If the plea of guilty is vacated, then issue as to the defendant’s sentencing is moot.
Remanded for evidentiary hearing in accordance with the several instructions outlined in sections II, IY and Y.
Swainson and T. G. Kavanagh, JJ., concurred with Williams, J.
T. M. Kavanagh, C. J., and Adams, J., concurred in the result.
APPENDIX I
TRANSCRIPT OF PLEA PROCEEDINGS
Examination of Roger Johnson
By the Court:
Q. Roger Johnson—
A. (Interposing) Here.
Q. (Continuing)—are you represented by Mr. Willis Ward?
A. Yes, sir.
Q. The attorney who addressed the Court on your behalf?
A. Yes, sir.
Q. Did you tell Mr. Ward what you know about the events of June 14th in regard to the shooting of Eugene Oliver?
A. Yes, sir.
[319]*319Q. And did he—did he tell you what the law was and advise you and counsel with you in regard to the law of Murder in the First Degree and Murder in the Second Degree, in the included offenses?
A. Pardon me, would you say that again?
Q. Did he tell you what the law was in regard to the crime of Murder?
A. Yes, sir.
Q. Now do you know that the maximum possible penalty for Murder in the Second Degree is life or any number of years up to life in the State Prison?
A. Yes, sir.
Q. Do you further know that you are guaranteed the right to have a trial before a Jury on these charges or before the Court without a Jury?
A. Yes, sir.
Q. Do you know that before you can be found guilty of this offense that the People must prove you guilty beyond a reasonable doubt?
A. Yes, sir.
Q. Did Mr. Ward or did anybody promise you that the Court would be lenient with you or show you any special consideration—
A. (Interposing) No.
Q. (Continuing) —in order to persuade you to plead guilty against your will?
A. No.
Q. Did anybody threaten you in order to force you to plead guilty?
A. No.
Q. Are you pleading guilty to the offense of Murder in the Second Degree after you’ve thought it over carefully in your own mind and consulted and talked it over thoroughly with Mr. Ward your attorney?
A. Yeah.
Q. Are you pleading guilty to this offense of Murder in the Second Degree because you are guilty of that offense?
A. Yes, sir.
[320]*320Q. All right, the Court will accept the plea of guilty of Murder in the Second Degree offered by both Defendants. Each Defendant will be referred to the Psychiatric Clinic and Probation Department for pre-sentence investigation and report. Sentence will be imposed—