People v. Hanks

569 N.E.2d 205, 210 Ill. App. 3d 817, 155 Ill. Dec. 205, 1991 Ill. App. LEXIS 374, 1991 WL 34539
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedMarch 13, 1991
Docket5-88-0090
StatusPublished
Cited by8 cases

This text of 569 N.E.2d 205 (People v. Hanks) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
People v. Hanks, 569 N.E.2d 205, 210 Ill. App. 3d 817, 155 Ill. Dec. 205, 1991 Ill. App. LEXIS 374, 1991 WL 34539 (Ill. Ct. App. 1991).

Opinions

PRESIDING JUSTICE RARICK

delivered the opinion of the court;

Defendant, Jeffery Hanks, was charged in the circuit court of Edwards County with theft over $300. Believing that a witness for the State would be unavailable to testify at trial, defendant made a pretrial request to depose Gary Thompson, who was living in Georgia, but this request was denied. After a trial by jury, Hanks was found guilty and sentenced to three years’ imprisonment.

At trial, Nadine Wolfe testified that she owned and operated Sabre Construction Company. On the morning of March 19, 1987, she discovered that the company office had been burglarized and numerous items had been stolen, including 40 $1,000 United States savings bonds.

Gary Thompson, Hanks’ brother-in-law, who was serving a sentence in the Atlanta penitentiary at the time of trial, testified that around the first of April, 1987, he saw Hanks and John Banks at his house in Florida. They showed Thompson a group of savings bonds and told him they had obtained them from someone who had been arrested for burglary. They gave the bonds to Thompson to sell, agreeing to split the proceeds. When Hanks and Banks called Thompson sometime later to inquire about the bonds, Thompson told them he had been unable to sell them so he had burned them.

Paul Menninger, a Secret Service agent, testified that he interviewed Hanks and Banks, that they admitted possession of the bonds, and that they had given the bonds to Thompson.

John Banks testified that he found the bonds in a bag by the front gate of his trailer. He did not look to see what was in the bag, but simply tossed it into his car. Later, while in Florida, Thompson discovered the bonds and suggested selling them. Banks replied that he wanted nothing to do with them, and Thompson allegedly replied, “You’re right. I need to burn them.” After returning to Illinois and learning of the burglary, Banks called Thompson to get the bonds back, but Thompson told him that he had burned them.

Hanks’ testimony corroborated Banks’ testimony.

During a break in the trial, Thompson told defense counsel that he had attempted to sell the bonds to Federal agents and they had audiotaped his conversation with them. Defense counsel requested that these tapes be made available as they might contain information with which he could impeach Thompson, but the court responded that the prosecution was not responsible for providing these tapes because the prosecution had not been told of their existence, and that defendant failed to show how the tapes would be beneficial to him.

The jury began deliberations at approximately 11 a.m. and continued throughout the day. At 9 p.m. the court gave the jury a Prim instruction. (People v. Prim (1972), 53 Ill. 2d 62, 289 N.E.2d 601.) The foreman responded that the jury was deadlocked on one issue, would like to go home, and start over the next day. The court replied:

“Why don’t you go back in the jury room, have your sandwiches, refresh yourselves a bit, and try to deliberate a little further, and if you feel that you’re unable to reach a decision yet tonight, then let me know with a note under the door, or within a reasonable time I’ll be getting back with you and ask where you’re standing at that point.”

At 10 p.m., the court inquired if a verdict was possible, and the foreman stated that they were going back over the facts and there was a “slight possibility” of a verdict that night. The court then stated:

“Well, perhaps I should advise you of something. If we break for the evening, there is a rule in criminal cases, such as this case, that the jury has to be kept, as I say, sequestered, during the night, which means that we would have to probably house you at a hotel. Hopefully, they would still have room at Windsor Oaks, in Grayville. We would have to transport you there and bring you back tomorrow to resume your deliberations, if you wanted to break before reaching a verdict. So, with that understanding, would you like to continue to work yet tonight, or do you think that you’ve worked as much as you can work and want to go to a hotel and come back in the morning?”

The foreman responded that the jury would continue to deliberate, and the court told the foreman that if he felt the jury could still reach a verdict that night, it could continue to deliberate. A guilty verdict was returned 45 minutes later.

On appeal, Hanks argues that he was denied a fair trial as a result of the trial court’s refusal to order the disclosure of the tape of Thompson’s conversations with the Secret Service agents. The trial court ruled that the prosecutor had complied with Supreme Court Rules 412(a)(i) and (g) by using due diligence in attempting to obtain these statements by requesting the release of the reports of the investigating officers. The court also ruled that the materials in the hands of the Secret Service should have been provided pursuant to the requests made by the prosecutor and that the defendant had failed to show why the statements would be advantageous to the defense.

Under Supreme Court Rule 412(f), the State has a duty to “ensure that a flow of information is maintained between the various investigative personnel and its office sufficient to place within its possession or control all material and information relevant to the accused and the offense charged.” (134 Ill. 2d R. 412(f).) The rule does not specify what “investigative personnel” it covers or what persons whose possession and control of material and information must be imputed to the State.

In People v. Thompkins (1988), 121 Ill. 2d 401, 521 N.E.2d 38, our supreme court held that Alabama law enforcement officials were not agents of the State whose possession and control of information could be imputed to the prosecutor’s office. The court found support for this conclusion in Rule 412(g), which provides that the trial court shall mandate that discoverable material be made available to the defense by subpoena or court order where the State’s diligent good-faith efforts to procure such information had been unsuccessful and “such material or other governmental personnel are subject to the jurisdiction of the court.” Because Alabama law enforcement officials were not subject to the jurisdiction of Illinois courts, the court reasoned, the State had no obligation under Rule 412 to procure the material in question.

Unlike Thompkins, we are not dealing with law enforcement officials in a sister jurisdiction, who are clearly not subject to the jurisdiction of Illinois courts, but with a Federal agency that operates nationwide. Defendant cites several cases which he contends hold that Federal agencies are an arm of the State for purposes of Rule 412. In People v. Sumner (1966), 72 Ill. App. 2d 258, 218 N.E.2d 236, the Federal Bureau of Investigation interviewed two prosecution witnesses. Despite a request by the defendant, the State’s Attorney refused to disclose whether he had copies of the reports and no effort was made to obtain them from the Bureau.

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People v. Hanks
569 N.E.2d 205 (Appellate Court of Illinois, 1991)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
569 N.E.2d 205, 210 Ill. App. 3d 817, 155 Ill. Dec. 205, 1991 Ill. App. LEXIS 374, 1991 WL 34539, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/people-v-hanks-illappct-1991.