Pearson v. Aroyola

CourtDistrict Court, S.D. New York
DecidedAugust 18, 2025
Docket1:24-cv-08693
StatusUnknown

This text of Pearson v. Aroyola (Pearson v. Aroyola) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, S.D. New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Pearson v. Aroyola, (S.D.N.Y. 2025).

Opinion

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK ROBERT PEARSON, Plaintiff, -against- AROYOLA, MIDDLETOWN POLICE OFFICER; 24-CV-8693 (KMW) JOHN DOE, MIDDLETOWN POLICE OFFICER; ORDER OF DISMISSAL MIDDLETOWN POLICE DEPARTMENT; WITH LEAVE TO REPLEAD JUDGE CRAIG BROWN; JUDGE STEVEN BROCKETT; ADA TANJA M. BEEMER; PROBATION OFFICE; STATE OF NEW YORK; ORANGE COUNTY; RANDY I. SIPER, Defendants. KIMBA M. WOOD, United States District Judge: Plaintiff Robert Pearson, proceeding pro se, is currently incarcerated in the Auburn Correctional Facility in Auburn, New York. Plaintiff brings this action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, alleging that Defendants violated his constitutional rights. By Order dated December 23, 2024, the Court granted Plaintiff’s request to proceed in forma pauperis (“IFP”), that is, without prepayment of fees.1 (ECF No. 8.) For the reasons set forth below, the Court dismisses this action, but grants Plaintiff 60 days’ leave to file an amended complaint.

STANDARD OF REVIEW The Prison Litigation Reform Act requires federal courts to screen complaints brought by prisoners who seek relief against a governmental entity, or an officer or employee of a governmental entity. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(a). The Court must dismiss a prisoner’s IFP

1 Prisoners are not exempt from paying the full filing fee, even when they have been granted permission to proceed IFP. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915(b)(1). complaint, or any portion of the complaint, that is frivolous or malicious, fails to state a claim upon which relief may be granted, or seeks monetary relief from a defendant who is immune from such relief. 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915(e)(2)(B), 1915A(b); see Abbas v. Dixon, 480 F.3d 636, 639 (2d Cir. 2007). The Court must also dismiss a complaint if the court lacks subject matter

jurisdiction over the claims raised. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(h)(3). Although the law mandates dismissal on any of these grounds, the Court is obligated to construe pro se pleadings liberally, Harris v. Mills, 572 F.3d 66, 72 (2d Cir. 2009), and to interpret them to raise the “strongest [claims] that they suggest,” Triestman v. Fed. Bureau of Prisons, 470 F.3d 471, 474 (2d Cir. 2006) (per curiam) (internal quotation marks and citations omitted) (emphasis in original). But the “special solicitude” courts provide to pro se litigants, id. at 475 (citation omitted), has its limits—to state a claim, pro se pleadings still must comply with Rule 8 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, which requires a complaint to make a short and plain statement showing that the pleader is entitled to relief. Fed R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2).

BACKGROUND Plaintiff filed a complaint regarding events allegedly occurring in New York and Florida, against the following Defendants: (1) Aroyola, Middletown Police Officer; (2) John Doe, Middletown Police Officer; (3) the Middletown Police Department; (4) Judge Craig Brown; (5) Judge Steven Brockett; (6) Assistant District Attorney (“ADA”) Tanja M. Beemer; (7) Probation Office; (8) the State of New York; (9) Orange County; and (10) Randy I. Siper, Plaintiff’s criminal defense attorney. The following facts are drawn from the complaint.2 (ECF No. 1.)

2 The Court quotes from the complaint verbatim. All spelling, grammar, and punctuation appear as in the complaint, unless noted otherwise. On September 26, 2024, while Plaintiff was in a hospital in Florida for an “emergency reason,” hospital security officers and officers from the Orlando Police Department (“OPD”) told Plaintiff that he had to leave the hospital, but did not tell him why. (Id. at 5.) Although Plaintiff was feeling sick, officers told Plaintiff that the hospital no longer wanted him there and

threatened to arrest him for trespassing if he did not leave. (Id. at 5-6.) OPD officers eventually handcuffed Plaintiff, took him out of the hospital, and placed him in the back of a police car. (Id. at 6.) The officers informed Plaintiff that they were arresting him in connection with warrants from the State of New York. (Id.) On October 3, 2024, two Middletown police officers brought Plaintiff back to New York. Plaintiff alleges that this was improper, because he asserts that the United States Marshals Service should have handled the extradition from Florida. (Id. at 7.) Back in New York, Judge Craig Brown of Goshen County Court and Judge Steven Brockett of Middletown City Court presided over Plaintiff’s criminal proceedings. (Id. at 7-8.) Plaintiff alleges that they erroneously determined that he had violated the terms of his probation, based on false information provided by a probation officer. (Id. at 8.) Defendant Siper,

Plaintiff’s court-appointed attorney, talked Plaintiff into pleading guilty with a promise of no jail time; however, Plaintiff ended up receiving a sentence of one year in prison. (Id. at 9-10.) Plaintiff seeks $300 million in damages and the arrest of all Defendants.3 (Id. at 11.)

3 Plaintiff filed a prior complaint naming some of the same Defendants. See Pearson v. Brockett, No. 24-CV-1510 (S.D.N.Y. July 21, 2024) (Swain, C.J.) (ECF No. 13) (dismissing claims against Judge Brockett and the State of New York on immunity grounds, and dismissing claims against the Middletown Police Department for failure to state a claim on which relief may be granted). DISCUSSION A. Section 1983 Claims Against the Named Defendants Judge Craig Brown and Judge Steven Brockett Judges are absolutely immune from suit for damages for any actions taken within the scope of their judicial responsibilities. Mireles v. Waco, 502 U.S. 9, 11 (1991). Generally, “acts arising out of, or related to, individual cases before the judge are considered judicial in nature.”

Bliven v. Hunt, 579 F.3d 204, 210 (2d Cir. 2009); see Stump v. Sparkman, 435 U.S. 349, 362 (1978) (the inquiry focuses on whether the judge was performing a “function normally performed by a judge”). Even allegations of bad faith or malice cannot overcome judicial immunity. Bliven v. Hunt, 579 F.3d at 209. (citations omitted). The doctrine applies “even when such acts are in excess of [a judge’s] jurisdiction, and are alleged to have been done maliciously or corruptly.” Stump, 435 U.S. at 356 (citation omitted)). This is because, “[w]ithout insulation from liability, judges would be subject to harassment and intimidation and would thus lose . . . independence.” Young v. Selsky, 41 F.3d 47, 51 (2d Cir. 1994) (internal quotation marks omitted).

Plaintiff fails to allege any facts to suggest that Judge Brown or Judge Brockett acted beyond the scope of their judicial responsibilities or outside their jurisdiction in determining that Plaintiff had violated the terms of his probation. See Mireles, 502 U.S. at 11-12. Because Plaintiff sues the judges for “acts arising out of, or related to, individual cases before [them],” they are immune from suit for such claims for damages. Bliven, 579 F.3d at 210. In contrast, “a judge is not absolutely immune . . .

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Bluebook (online)
Pearson v. Aroyola, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/pearson-v-aroyola-nysd-2025.