1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 CLARENCE LONELL ROBERSON, Case No. 1:19-cv-01724-DAD-EPG (PC) 12 Plaintiff, 13 v. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS RECOMMENDING THAT PLAINTIFF’S 14 SECOND WATCH SGT., et al., MOTIONS FOR INJUNCTIVE RELIEF BE DENIED 15 Defendants. (ECF Nos. 15, 21.) 16
17 OBJECTIONS, IF ANY, DUE WITHIN 18 TWENTY-ONE (21) DAYS 19 Plaintiff Clarence Lonell Roberson (“Plaintiff”) is a state prisoner proceeding pro se and 20 in formal pauperis in this civil rights action filed pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Plaintiff requests 21 an order prohibiting him from being transferred to Kern Valley State Prison (“KVSP”). (ECF 22 Nos. 15, 21.) 23 I. BACKGROUND 24 A. Plaintiff’s Complaint 25 Plaintiff initiated this action on December 11, 2019. According to the complaint, while 26 Plaintiff was housed on EOP C-Yard at KVSP, his cellmate threatened to kill him. (ECF No. 1.) 27 Plaintiff notified defendants KQA, Gonzalez, two Doe sergeants, and a Doe lieutenant, but 28 1 Plaintiff was placed back in the same cell. (Id.) and ultimately Plaintiff was attacked by two 2 inmates with razor blades and was denied medical treatment. (Id.) 3 The Court has screened Plaintiff’s complaint and this case is proceeding on Plaintiff’s 4 Eighth Amendment failure to protect claims against two Doe sergeants and a Doe lieutenant and 5 on Plaintiff’s Eighth Amendment deliberate indifference to serious medical needs claims against 6 defendants KQA, Gonzalez, the two Doe sergeants, the Doe lieutenant, and two Doe correctional 7 officers. (ECF No. 13, 18.) The Court issued an order finding service of the complaint appropriate 8 and directing service on March 3, 2021. (ECF No. 19.) Defendants KQA and Gonzalez have filed 9 a waiver of service but have not yet responded to the complaint. (ECF No. 22.) 10 B. Plaintiff’s Motions 11 On February 1, 2021, Plaintiff filed a motion requesting an “emergency protection order” 12 from a decision to transfer Plaintiff from Salinas Valley State Prison (“SVSP”) to KVSP. (ECF 13 No. 15.) According to this motion, SVSP staff had decided to transfer Plaintiff back to KVSP to 14 the same yard and same building where the attack giving rise to his complaint took place. (Id.) 15 Plaintiff made “the warden, counselors E.T.C.” aware of his concerns and they were still forcing 16 him to transfer to KVSP, where he still has “a lot of enemies” on C-Yard. (Id.) Plaintiff requested 17 an order from the Court stopping the transfer. 18 On March 5, 2021, Plaintiff filed a second motion requesting similar relief. (ECF No. 21.) 19 Plaintiff’s second motion explained that he had been transferred back to C-Yard at KVSP and told 20 a sergeant that he feared for his life on arrival, but “they forced [him] to come over [t]here 21 anyways” and used unnecessary and excessive force to place him in a cell. (Id.) The entire cell 22 was covered in dirt and had dry old food on the floor, lockers, and beds. (Id.) In the second 23 motion, Plaintiff states that he has “enemies who all are apart of STG gangs” and are waiting to 24 cause him harm. (Id.) Plaintiff has been threatened twice, staff has Plaintiff “stuck against [his] 25 will” on the yard until he is attacked, and the Warden is upset and retaliating due to Plaintiff’s 26 previous motion. (Id.) 27 /// 28 /// 1 C. The Warden’s Response 2 On February 8, 2021, after Plaintiff filed his first motion, the Court entered an order 3 requesting that the Warden of KVSP respond to Plaintiff’s motion. (ECF No. 16.) On March 1, 4 2021, the Warden of KVSP filed his response. (ECF No. 17.) 5 In his response, the Warden argues that the Court does not have jurisdiction to order 6 injunctive relief because he is Plaintiff’s current custodian and is not a party to this action. (ECF 7 No. 17 at 4.) Additionally, Plaintiff has not demonstrated that he is likely to succeed on the merits 8 of his failure to protect claim, and only alleges that he informed staff of a general threat of harm. 9 (Id. at 4-5.) Plaintiff also does not demonstrate that he is likely to suffer irreparable harm. (Id. at 10 5-6.) Plaintiff’s only documented enemy is his former cellmate, and KVSP has already taken 11 steps to protect Plaintiff from him because that former cellmate is housed in a different facility. 12 (Id. at 5.) If KVSP staff attempt to house the former cellmate with Plaintiff, they will receive an 13 alert from the Strategic Offender Management System that that inmate should not be housed in 14 the same facility. (Id.) KVSP staff also previously investigated an allegation that Plaintiff was 15 threatened by an inmate known as “Peanut” but confirmed that this inmate does not exist, and 16 Plaintiff has not been able to provide any information regarding the identities of the inmates who 17 stabbed him, or that those inmates remain housed at KVSP. (Id.) Without this information, KVSP 18 staff cannot ensure that Plaintiff does not come into contact with them or that transferring him to 19 a different facility at KVSP, or even a different prison, would prevent Plaintiff from encountering 20 them again. (Id. at 5-6.) Finally, the Warden argues that the balance of equities does not favor 21 Plaintiff, an injunction is not in the public interest, the Court should exercise deference in favor of 22 prison officials, and an injunction would not comply with the prison Litigation Reform Act. (Id. 23 at 6-7.) 24 II. LEGAL STANDARDS 25 A federal district court may issue emergency injunctive relief only if it has personal 26 jurisdiction over the parties and subject matter jurisdiction over the lawsuit. See Murphy Bros., 27 Inc. v. Michetti Pipe Stringing, Inc., 526 U.S. 344, 350 (1999) (noting that one “becomes a party 28 officially, and is required to take action in that capacity, only upon service of summons or other 1 authority-asserting measure stating the time within which the party served must appear to 2 defend.”). The court may not attempt to determine the rights of persons not before it. See, e.g., 3 Hitchman Coal & Coke Co. v. Mitchell, 245 U.S. 229, 234-35 (1916); Zepeda v. INS, 753 F.2d 4 719, 727-28 (9th Cir. 1983); see also Califano v. Yamasaki, 442 U.S. 682, 702 (1979) (injunctive relief must be “narrowly tailored to give only the relief to which plaintiffs are entitled”). Under 5 Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 65(d)(2), an injunction binds only “the parties to the action,” 6 their “officers, agents, servants, employees, and attorneys,” and “other persons who are in active 7 concert or participation.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(d)(2)(A)-(C). “When a plaintiff seeks injunctive 8 relief based on claims not pled in the complaint, the court does not have the authority to issue an 9 injunction.” Pac. Radiation Oncology, LLC v. Queen's Med. Ctr., 810 F.3d 631, 633 (9th Cir. 10 2015). 11 Requests for prospective relief are further limited by 18 U.S.C. § 3626
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 CLARENCE LONELL ROBERSON, Case No. 1:19-cv-01724-DAD-EPG (PC) 12 Plaintiff, 13 v. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS RECOMMENDING THAT PLAINTIFF’S 14 SECOND WATCH SGT., et al., MOTIONS FOR INJUNCTIVE RELIEF BE DENIED 15 Defendants. (ECF Nos. 15, 21.) 16
17 OBJECTIONS, IF ANY, DUE WITHIN 18 TWENTY-ONE (21) DAYS 19 Plaintiff Clarence Lonell Roberson (“Plaintiff”) is a state prisoner proceeding pro se and 20 in formal pauperis in this civil rights action filed pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Plaintiff requests 21 an order prohibiting him from being transferred to Kern Valley State Prison (“KVSP”). (ECF 22 Nos. 15, 21.) 23 I. BACKGROUND 24 A. Plaintiff’s Complaint 25 Plaintiff initiated this action on December 11, 2019. According to the complaint, while 26 Plaintiff was housed on EOP C-Yard at KVSP, his cellmate threatened to kill him. (ECF No. 1.) 27 Plaintiff notified defendants KQA, Gonzalez, two Doe sergeants, and a Doe lieutenant, but 28 1 Plaintiff was placed back in the same cell. (Id.) and ultimately Plaintiff was attacked by two 2 inmates with razor blades and was denied medical treatment. (Id.) 3 The Court has screened Plaintiff’s complaint and this case is proceeding on Plaintiff’s 4 Eighth Amendment failure to protect claims against two Doe sergeants and a Doe lieutenant and 5 on Plaintiff’s Eighth Amendment deliberate indifference to serious medical needs claims against 6 defendants KQA, Gonzalez, the two Doe sergeants, the Doe lieutenant, and two Doe correctional 7 officers. (ECF No. 13, 18.) The Court issued an order finding service of the complaint appropriate 8 and directing service on March 3, 2021. (ECF No. 19.) Defendants KQA and Gonzalez have filed 9 a waiver of service but have not yet responded to the complaint. (ECF No. 22.) 10 B. Plaintiff’s Motions 11 On February 1, 2021, Plaintiff filed a motion requesting an “emergency protection order” 12 from a decision to transfer Plaintiff from Salinas Valley State Prison (“SVSP”) to KVSP. (ECF 13 No. 15.) According to this motion, SVSP staff had decided to transfer Plaintiff back to KVSP to 14 the same yard and same building where the attack giving rise to his complaint took place. (Id.) 15 Plaintiff made “the warden, counselors E.T.C.” aware of his concerns and they were still forcing 16 him to transfer to KVSP, where he still has “a lot of enemies” on C-Yard. (Id.) Plaintiff requested 17 an order from the Court stopping the transfer. 18 On March 5, 2021, Plaintiff filed a second motion requesting similar relief. (ECF No. 21.) 19 Plaintiff’s second motion explained that he had been transferred back to C-Yard at KVSP and told 20 a sergeant that he feared for his life on arrival, but “they forced [him] to come over [t]here 21 anyways” and used unnecessary and excessive force to place him in a cell. (Id.) The entire cell 22 was covered in dirt and had dry old food on the floor, lockers, and beds. (Id.) In the second 23 motion, Plaintiff states that he has “enemies who all are apart of STG gangs” and are waiting to 24 cause him harm. (Id.) Plaintiff has been threatened twice, staff has Plaintiff “stuck against [his] 25 will” on the yard until he is attacked, and the Warden is upset and retaliating due to Plaintiff’s 26 previous motion. (Id.) 27 /// 28 /// 1 C. The Warden’s Response 2 On February 8, 2021, after Plaintiff filed his first motion, the Court entered an order 3 requesting that the Warden of KVSP respond to Plaintiff’s motion. (ECF No. 16.) On March 1, 4 2021, the Warden of KVSP filed his response. (ECF No. 17.) 5 In his response, the Warden argues that the Court does not have jurisdiction to order 6 injunctive relief because he is Plaintiff’s current custodian and is not a party to this action. (ECF 7 No. 17 at 4.) Additionally, Plaintiff has not demonstrated that he is likely to succeed on the merits 8 of his failure to protect claim, and only alleges that he informed staff of a general threat of harm. 9 (Id. at 4-5.) Plaintiff also does not demonstrate that he is likely to suffer irreparable harm. (Id. at 10 5-6.) Plaintiff’s only documented enemy is his former cellmate, and KVSP has already taken 11 steps to protect Plaintiff from him because that former cellmate is housed in a different facility. 12 (Id. at 5.) If KVSP staff attempt to house the former cellmate with Plaintiff, they will receive an 13 alert from the Strategic Offender Management System that that inmate should not be housed in 14 the same facility. (Id.) KVSP staff also previously investigated an allegation that Plaintiff was 15 threatened by an inmate known as “Peanut” but confirmed that this inmate does not exist, and 16 Plaintiff has not been able to provide any information regarding the identities of the inmates who 17 stabbed him, or that those inmates remain housed at KVSP. (Id.) Without this information, KVSP 18 staff cannot ensure that Plaintiff does not come into contact with them or that transferring him to 19 a different facility at KVSP, or even a different prison, would prevent Plaintiff from encountering 20 them again. (Id. at 5-6.) Finally, the Warden argues that the balance of equities does not favor 21 Plaintiff, an injunction is not in the public interest, the Court should exercise deference in favor of 22 prison officials, and an injunction would not comply with the prison Litigation Reform Act. (Id. 23 at 6-7.) 24 II. LEGAL STANDARDS 25 A federal district court may issue emergency injunctive relief only if it has personal 26 jurisdiction over the parties and subject matter jurisdiction over the lawsuit. See Murphy Bros., 27 Inc. v. Michetti Pipe Stringing, Inc., 526 U.S. 344, 350 (1999) (noting that one “becomes a party 28 officially, and is required to take action in that capacity, only upon service of summons or other 1 authority-asserting measure stating the time within which the party served must appear to 2 defend.”). The court may not attempt to determine the rights of persons not before it. See, e.g., 3 Hitchman Coal & Coke Co. v. Mitchell, 245 U.S. 229, 234-35 (1916); Zepeda v. INS, 753 F.2d 4 719, 727-28 (9th Cir. 1983); see also Califano v. Yamasaki, 442 U.S. 682, 702 (1979) (injunctive relief must be “narrowly tailored to give only the relief to which plaintiffs are entitled”). Under 5 Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 65(d)(2), an injunction binds only “the parties to the action,” 6 their “officers, agents, servants, employees, and attorneys,” and “other persons who are in active 7 concert or participation.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(d)(2)(A)-(C). “When a plaintiff seeks injunctive 8 relief based on claims not pled in the complaint, the court does not have the authority to issue an 9 injunction.” Pac. Radiation Oncology, LLC v. Queen's Med. Ctr., 810 F.3d 631, 633 (9th Cir. 10 2015). 11 Requests for prospective relief are further limited by 18 U.S.C. § 3626(a)(1)(A) of the 12 Prison Litigation Reform Act, which requires that the Court find that the “relief [sought] is 13 narrowly drawn, extends no further than necessary to correct the violation of the Federal Right, 14 and is the least intrusive means necessary to correct the violation of the Federal Right.” 15 On the merits, “[a] plaintiff seeking a preliminary injunction must establish that he is 16 likely to succeed on the merits, that he is likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of 17 preliminary relief, that the balance of equities tips in his favor, and that an injunction is in the 18 public interest.” Glossip v. Gross, 135 S. Ct. 2726, 2736-37 (2015) (quoting Winter v. Natural 19 Res. Def. Council, Inc., 555 U.S. 7, 20 (2008)). “Under Winter, plaintiffs must establish that 20 irreparable harm is likely, not just possible, in order to obtain a preliminary injunction.” Alliance 21 for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, 632 F.3d 1127, 1131 (9th Cir. 2011). 22 III. DISCUSSION 23 The Court will recommend that Plaintiff’s motion be denied. 24 Plaintiff has not identified any specific immediate threat to his safety and has not 25 submitted evidence suggesting that there are inadequate safeguards in place to protect Plaintiff. 26 Plaintiff’s former cellmate is housed in a different facility, and there are safeguards in place to 27 prevent this former cellmate from being transferred to the same facility as Plaintiff. Additionally, 28 Plaintiff has not established whether the two inmates described in the complaint are still housed at 1 C-Yard. Plaintiff’s motions only make generalized statements that he has “enemies” in C-Yard. 2 See Perez v. Diaz, 2019 WL 3229622, at *3 (E.D. Cal. July 18, 2019), report and 3 recommendation adopted, 2019 WL 3986657 (E.D. Cal. Aug. 22, 2019) (“Generalized allegations 4 of past incidents of violence fail to show that plaintiff . . . faces imminent harm.”). 5 Plaintiff indicates in his second motion that an unidentified sergeant used unnecessary and 6 excessive force, the cell he was placed in was unsanitary, and the Warden is retaliating against 7 him. However, Plaintiff does not provide any further detail regarding these events. Additionally, 8 these allegations are beyond the scope of the complaint. This case is proceeding on Plaintiff’s Eighth Amendment claims against two Doe sergeants, a Doe lieutenant, two Doe correctional 9 officers, KQA, and Gonzalez arising out of Plaintiff’s former cellmate’s threats and an attack by 10 two unidentified inmates. Plaintiff is not entitled to an injunction in this action based on his 11 allegations of retaliation, unnecessary and excessive force, and unsanitary conditions against non- 12 defendants.1 Pac. Radiation Oncology, 810 F.3d at 633 (“When a plaintiff seeks injunctive relief 13 based on claims not pled in the complaint, the court does not have the authority to issue an 14 injunction.”). 15 Plaintiff has not established that he is likely to succeed on the merits. Plaintiff does not 16 submit any declarations, witness statements, or other evidence suggesting Defendants were 17 deliberately indifferent to a serious risk of harm or deliberately indifferent to a serious medical 18 need in violation of his Eighth Amendment rights as alleged in the complaint. 19 Plaintiff further fails to show the balance of equities supports injunctive relief. “Prison 20 administration is a difficult and onerous task and courts have traditionally accorded a large degree 21 of deference in cases involving the administration of state penal institutions.” Jimenez v. Diaz, 22 2019 WL 5541372, at *4 (E.D. Cal. Oct. 28, 2019), report and recommendation adopted, 2020 23 WL 1911570 (E.D. Cal. Apr. 20, 2020) (citation omitted); Turner v. Safley, 482 U.S. 78, 85 24 (1987) (noting that the government is afforded widest latitude in cases involving the 25 administration of state prisons). Plaintiff has not shown that the equities favor this Court 26 interfering with a prison classification decision. 27 1 Plaintiff’s second motion does not indicate that the unidentified sergeant who allegedly used unnecessary 28 and excessive force against him is one of the same Doe sergeants described in the complaint. 1 Finally, Plaintiff is seeking injunctive relief against the CDCR, the Warden of SVSP, 2 | and/or the Warden of KVSP. However, the CDCR and the Wardens are not defendants in this 3 || action and the defendants in this case do not appear to have the authority to provide the relief Plaintiff is seeking. An injunction binds only “the parties to the action,” their “officers, agents, 4 g J y p 5 | servants, employees, and attorneys,” and “other persons who are in active concert or 6 participation.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(d)(2)(A)-(C). Accordingly, the Court will recommend that the 7 motion be denied. g IV. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 9 Accordingly, based on the foregoing, IT IS HEREBY RECOMMENDED that □□□□□□□□□□□ 10 motions for injunctive relief (ECF Nos. 15, 21) be DENIED. These findings and recommendations are submitted to the United States district judge D assigned to the case, pursuant to the provisions of Title 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1). Within twenty-one 13 (21) days after being served with these findings and recommendations, Plaintiff may file written 4 objections with the court. Such a document should be captioned “Objections to Magistrate Judge's 1s Findings and Recommendations.” Plaintiff is advised that failure to file objections within the 16 specified time may result in the waiver of rights on appeal. Wilkerson v. Wheeler, 772 F.3d 834, 7 838-39 (9th Cir. 2014) (citing Baxter v. Sullivan, 923 F.2d 1391, 1394 (9th Cir. 1991)). 18 IT IS SO ORDERED. 19 59 | Dated: _ April 2, 2021 [spe ey □ UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28