1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 JOHN E. MITCHELL, Case No. 1:22-cv-00006-EPG (PC)
12 Plaintiff, FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS, RECOMMENDING THAT PLAINTIFF’S 13 v. MOTION FOR AN ORDER UNDER THE ALL WRITS ACT BE DENIED 14 R. DIAZ, et al., (ECF No. 7) 15 Defendants. OBJECTIONS, IF ANY, DUE WITHIN FOURTEEN DAYS 16
ORDER DIRECTING CLERK TO ASSIGN 17 DISTRICT JUDGE
18 John Mitchell (“Plaintiff”) is a state prisoner proceeding pro se in this civil rights action. 19 Plaintiff filed the complaint commencing this action on December 27, 2021.1 (ECF No. 1). 20 Plaintiff’s complaint is currently before this Court for screening. Thus, at this time, the Court has 21 not found that any claims should proceed past screening. 22 On February 14, 2022, Plaintiff filed a motion for an order under the All Writs Act. (ECF 23 No. 7). On March 1, 2022, the Warden of Kern Valley State Prison filed a response. (ECF No. 24 11). 25 For the reasons described below, the Court will recommend that Plaintiff’s motion for an 26 order under the All Writs Act be denied. 27
28 1 Plaintiff did not pay the filing fee until February 1, 2022. 1 I. LEGAL STANDARDS 2 Under the All Writs Act, federal courts “may issue all writs necessary or appropriate in 3 aid of their respective jurisdictions and agreeable to the usages and principles of law.” 28 U.S.C. 4 § 1651(a). “The power conferred by the Act extends, under appropriate circumstances, to persons 5 who, though not parties to the original action or engaged in wrongdoing, are in a position to 6 frustrate the implementation of a court order or the proper administration of justice, and 7 encompasses even those who have not taken any affirmative action to hinder justice.” United 8 States v. New York Tel. Co., 434 U.S. 159, 174 (1977) (footnote and citations omitted). 9 “Thus, use of the All Writs Act is appropriate in prisoner civil rights cases where non- 10 party correctional officials are impeding the prisoner-plaintiff’s ability to litigate his pending 11 action.” Hammler v. Haas, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 48377, *3-4 (E.D. Cal., Mar. 22, 2019). See 12 also Mitchell v. Haviland, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 109106, *5 (E.D. Cal., Aug. 18, 2015) (“Use of 13 the All Writs Act is appropriate in cases where prison officials, not named as defendants, 14 allegedly have taken action that impedes a prisoner’s ability to litigate his case”); Lopez v. Cook, 15 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 52198, 2014 WL 1488518 (E.D. Cal., Apr. 15, 2014) (issuing an order 16 under the All Writs Act requiring prison officials to provide Plaintiff, who was in the Segregated 17 Housing Unit for non-disciplinary reasons, with two contact visits with his counsel). However, 18 “injunctive relief under the All Writs Act is to be used sparingly and only in the most critical and 19 exigent circumstances,” and only “if the legal rights at issue are indisputably clear.” Brown v. 20 Gilmore, 533 U.S. 1301, 1303 (2001) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted). 21 II. PLAINTIFF’S MOTION 22 Plaintiff alleges that he is being held at Kern Valley State Prison (“KVSP”) in 23 Administrative Segregation #1 (“ASU 1”), despite the fact that he already appeared for his state 24 court case. He is waiting for someone to schedule him for the four-hour van ride back to CSP- 25 Sacramento, where he resides. Plaintiff has repeatedly been transferred to KVSP because of a 26 state court case. After each drive, he is placed in ASU 1 for up to two weeks. While confined, he 27 receives no mental health therapy, despite being an E.O.P, which is a violation of Armstrong v. 28 Newsom. Almost all other inmates that come to KVSP to attend court are put in a van within 1 seventy-two hours and returned back to their institution of confinement. However, Plaintiff’s 2 transfer is delayed, and he is being confined in Ad-Seg for twenty-four hours a day. Plaintiff is 3 confined in Ad-Seg because Correctional Officer Pompa has a “Staff Keep Away” from Plaintiff. 4 Moreover, Plaintiff was previously attacked at KVSP, and on November 14, 2021, 5 Correctional Officer Pompa, who previously beat Plaintiff, threatened Plaintiff, despite having a 6 Staff Keep Away. Plaintiff believes that officers at KVSP are going to use other inmates to attack 7 him (Plaintiff is one of the Plaintiff’s in Armstrong v. Newsom, and a law firm completed a 8 declaration from Plaintiff that was used to support the order mandating that KVSP officers have 9 to wear cameras. This has made Plaintiff a target). 10 Plaintiff asks for an order directed at the Warden of KVSP to transfer Plaintiff back to 11 CSP-Sacramento within twenty-four hours if there is no legitimate penological purpose to hold 12 Plaintiff and/or if there is no court date within seven days of his last court date. 13 III. WARDEN’S RESPONSE 14 The Warden argues that the All Writs Act does not apply here because Plaintiff fails to 15 demonstrate that housing him at Kern Valley State Prison has impeded his ability to litigate this 16 matter, “and the fact that he is able to file this motion demonstrates that he is able to adequately 17 litigate this matter.” (ECF No. 11, p. 3). 18 Moreover, Kern Valley State Prison had a legitimate reason for holding Plaintiff. Due to 19 COVID-19, inmates are screened for COVID-19 and given a rapid COVID-19 test before being 20 sent back to their original institution. “It can take three-to-five days to obtain results from a 21 COVID-19 PCR test. In order to make sure that the test results are received prior to transport, 22 inmates are scheduled to be transported five days from the date of the most recent COVID-19 23 PCR test.” (Id. at 4) (citation omitted). Thus, while Plaintiff was not immediately transferred 24 back to CSP-Sacramento, it was because the institution was waiting on the results of a COVID-19 25 test, and the institution has a legitimate interest in preventing the spread of COVID-19. 26 Additionally, “available staffing levels at the California Department of Corrections and 27 Rehabilitation (CDCR) in February 2022 do not permit each inmate to be transported back to 28 their original institution within twenty-fours of a court appearance.” (Id. at 4). If there were such 1 a requirement, the CDCR would have to re-direct staff from more essential functions. Thus, 2 Plaintiff’s request for an order directing that he be transported back to CSP-Sacramento within 3 twenty-four hours “could adversely impact [a] legitimate correctional interest.” (Id. at 4). 4 As to Plaintiff’s allegation that he is not being provided with mental health treatment in 5 violation of Coleman v. Newsom,2 the proper remedy is in the Coleman class action, not in this 6 case. Moreover, Plaintiff has been provided with mental health treatment, and as the Staff 7 Separation Notice has been lifted, Plaintiff will likely be housed in Enhanced Outpatient Program 8 housing during his next court appearance (unless a documented enemy appears at Kern Valley 9 State Prison). 10 Finally, the Warden argues that Plaintiff fails to demonstrate either an exigent 11 circumstance or a clear violation of his rights. Plaintiff has been provided with mental health care 12 and will likely be housed in Enhanced Outpatient Program housing during his next court 13 appearance. Correctional Officer Pompa denies threatening Plaintiff on November 14, 2021. 14 And, Plaintiff provides no specific information regarding his allegation that correctional staff are 15 attempting to set him up for an attack by inmates. 16 IV. ANALYSIS 17 The Court recommends denying Plaintiff’s motion.
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 EASTERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 JOHN E. MITCHELL, Case No. 1:22-cv-00006-EPG (PC)
12 Plaintiff, FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS, RECOMMENDING THAT PLAINTIFF’S 13 v. MOTION FOR AN ORDER UNDER THE ALL WRITS ACT BE DENIED 14 R. DIAZ, et al., (ECF No. 7) 15 Defendants. OBJECTIONS, IF ANY, DUE WITHIN FOURTEEN DAYS 16
ORDER DIRECTING CLERK TO ASSIGN 17 DISTRICT JUDGE
18 John Mitchell (“Plaintiff”) is a state prisoner proceeding pro se in this civil rights action. 19 Plaintiff filed the complaint commencing this action on December 27, 2021.1 (ECF No. 1). 20 Plaintiff’s complaint is currently before this Court for screening. Thus, at this time, the Court has 21 not found that any claims should proceed past screening. 22 On February 14, 2022, Plaintiff filed a motion for an order under the All Writs Act. (ECF 23 No. 7). On March 1, 2022, the Warden of Kern Valley State Prison filed a response. (ECF No. 24 11). 25 For the reasons described below, the Court will recommend that Plaintiff’s motion for an 26 order under the All Writs Act be denied. 27
28 1 Plaintiff did not pay the filing fee until February 1, 2022. 1 I. LEGAL STANDARDS 2 Under the All Writs Act, federal courts “may issue all writs necessary or appropriate in 3 aid of their respective jurisdictions and agreeable to the usages and principles of law.” 28 U.S.C. 4 § 1651(a). “The power conferred by the Act extends, under appropriate circumstances, to persons 5 who, though not parties to the original action or engaged in wrongdoing, are in a position to 6 frustrate the implementation of a court order or the proper administration of justice, and 7 encompasses even those who have not taken any affirmative action to hinder justice.” United 8 States v. New York Tel. Co., 434 U.S. 159, 174 (1977) (footnote and citations omitted). 9 “Thus, use of the All Writs Act is appropriate in prisoner civil rights cases where non- 10 party correctional officials are impeding the prisoner-plaintiff’s ability to litigate his pending 11 action.” Hammler v. Haas, 2019 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 48377, *3-4 (E.D. Cal., Mar. 22, 2019). See 12 also Mitchell v. Haviland, 2015 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 109106, *5 (E.D. Cal., Aug. 18, 2015) (“Use of 13 the All Writs Act is appropriate in cases where prison officials, not named as defendants, 14 allegedly have taken action that impedes a prisoner’s ability to litigate his case”); Lopez v. Cook, 15 2014 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 52198, 2014 WL 1488518 (E.D. Cal., Apr. 15, 2014) (issuing an order 16 under the All Writs Act requiring prison officials to provide Plaintiff, who was in the Segregated 17 Housing Unit for non-disciplinary reasons, with two contact visits with his counsel). However, 18 “injunctive relief under the All Writs Act is to be used sparingly and only in the most critical and 19 exigent circumstances,” and only “if the legal rights at issue are indisputably clear.” Brown v. 20 Gilmore, 533 U.S. 1301, 1303 (2001) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted). 21 II. PLAINTIFF’S MOTION 22 Plaintiff alleges that he is being held at Kern Valley State Prison (“KVSP”) in 23 Administrative Segregation #1 (“ASU 1”), despite the fact that he already appeared for his state 24 court case. He is waiting for someone to schedule him for the four-hour van ride back to CSP- 25 Sacramento, where he resides. Plaintiff has repeatedly been transferred to KVSP because of a 26 state court case. After each drive, he is placed in ASU 1 for up to two weeks. While confined, he 27 receives no mental health therapy, despite being an E.O.P, which is a violation of Armstrong v. 28 Newsom. Almost all other inmates that come to KVSP to attend court are put in a van within 1 seventy-two hours and returned back to their institution of confinement. However, Plaintiff’s 2 transfer is delayed, and he is being confined in Ad-Seg for twenty-four hours a day. Plaintiff is 3 confined in Ad-Seg because Correctional Officer Pompa has a “Staff Keep Away” from Plaintiff. 4 Moreover, Plaintiff was previously attacked at KVSP, and on November 14, 2021, 5 Correctional Officer Pompa, who previously beat Plaintiff, threatened Plaintiff, despite having a 6 Staff Keep Away. Plaintiff believes that officers at KVSP are going to use other inmates to attack 7 him (Plaintiff is one of the Plaintiff’s in Armstrong v. Newsom, and a law firm completed a 8 declaration from Plaintiff that was used to support the order mandating that KVSP officers have 9 to wear cameras. This has made Plaintiff a target). 10 Plaintiff asks for an order directed at the Warden of KVSP to transfer Plaintiff back to 11 CSP-Sacramento within twenty-four hours if there is no legitimate penological purpose to hold 12 Plaintiff and/or if there is no court date within seven days of his last court date. 13 III. WARDEN’S RESPONSE 14 The Warden argues that the All Writs Act does not apply here because Plaintiff fails to 15 demonstrate that housing him at Kern Valley State Prison has impeded his ability to litigate this 16 matter, “and the fact that he is able to file this motion demonstrates that he is able to adequately 17 litigate this matter.” (ECF No. 11, p. 3). 18 Moreover, Kern Valley State Prison had a legitimate reason for holding Plaintiff. Due to 19 COVID-19, inmates are screened for COVID-19 and given a rapid COVID-19 test before being 20 sent back to their original institution. “It can take three-to-five days to obtain results from a 21 COVID-19 PCR test. In order to make sure that the test results are received prior to transport, 22 inmates are scheduled to be transported five days from the date of the most recent COVID-19 23 PCR test.” (Id. at 4) (citation omitted). Thus, while Plaintiff was not immediately transferred 24 back to CSP-Sacramento, it was because the institution was waiting on the results of a COVID-19 25 test, and the institution has a legitimate interest in preventing the spread of COVID-19. 26 Additionally, “available staffing levels at the California Department of Corrections and 27 Rehabilitation (CDCR) in February 2022 do not permit each inmate to be transported back to 28 their original institution within twenty-fours of a court appearance.” (Id. at 4). If there were such 1 a requirement, the CDCR would have to re-direct staff from more essential functions. Thus, 2 Plaintiff’s request for an order directing that he be transported back to CSP-Sacramento within 3 twenty-four hours “could adversely impact [a] legitimate correctional interest.” (Id. at 4). 4 As to Plaintiff’s allegation that he is not being provided with mental health treatment in 5 violation of Coleman v. Newsom,2 the proper remedy is in the Coleman class action, not in this 6 case. Moreover, Plaintiff has been provided with mental health treatment, and as the Staff 7 Separation Notice has been lifted, Plaintiff will likely be housed in Enhanced Outpatient Program 8 housing during his next court appearance (unless a documented enemy appears at Kern Valley 9 State Prison). 10 Finally, the Warden argues that Plaintiff fails to demonstrate either an exigent 11 circumstance or a clear violation of his rights. Plaintiff has been provided with mental health care 12 and will likely be housed in Enhanced Outpatient Program housing during his next court 13 appearance. Correctional Officer Pompa denies threatening Plaintiff on November 14, 2021. 14 And, Plaintiff provides no specific information regarding his allegation that correctional staff are 15 attempting to set him up for an attack by inmates. 16 IV. ANALYSIS 17 The Court recommends denying Plaintiff’s motion. “[I]njunctive relief under the All 18 Writs Act is to be used sparingly and only in the most critical and exigent circumstances,” Brown, 19 533 U.S. at 1303 (citation and internal quotation marks omitted), and Plaintiff has failed to show 20 that such circumstances exist here. 21 Plaintiff’s complaint is currently awaiting screening. The Court has not yet allowed any 22 claims to proceed past screening, and Plaintiff does not have any court-ordered deadlines. Any 23 delay resulting from Plaintiff’s retention in ASU will not affect any immediate deadlines in this 24 case. 25 Moreover, any delay in returning Plaintiff to his institution of confinement appears 26 temporary and related to legitimate safety concerns. The CDCR has submitted evidence that the 27 delay is due to the need for COVID-19 testing, and the lack of resources to transfer inmates
28 2 The Warden notes that the correct class action is Coleman v. Newsom, not Armstrong v. Newsom. 1 immediately and individually. While Plaintiff alleges that “almost all” other inmates are returned 2 to their institution within seventy-two hours after their hearing, this is conclusory, and Plaintiff 3 has not submitted sufficient evidence to support this allegation. Moreover, the Court does not 4 find sufficient evidence to conclude that Plaintiff’s institution is holding Plaintiff to retaliate 5 against his litigation or to interfere with this lawsuit. 6 As to the threat that Correctional Officer Pompa allegedly made, Plaintiff does not allege 7 what the threat was. Moreover, the threat occurred on November 14, 2021, which was about 8 three months before Plaintiff filed his motion and before Plaintiff filed this action. Plaintiff does 9 not explain how the threat interfered with this action. As to Plaintiff’s allegation that officers are 10 going to use inmates to attack him, this is conclusory, and Plaintiff does not sufficiently support 11 this assertion with evidence. 12 The Court notes that if Plaintiff needs additional time to meet a court deadline, he can file 13 a motion for an extension of time. And if Plaintiff believes that his constitutional rights are being 14 violated, he may file a separate action or a motion for leave to file a supplemental complaint in 15 this action (if he believes the violation(s) are sufficiently related to the claims in this case). 16 V. RECOMMENDATIONS AND ORDER 17 Based on the foregoing, IT IS HEREBY RECOMMENDED that Plaintiff’s motion for an 18 order under the All Writs Act (ECF No. 7) be DENIED. 19 These findings and recommendations are submitted to the United States district judge 20 assigned to the case, pursuant to the provisions of Title 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1). Within fourteen 21 (14) days after being served with these findings and recommendations, any party3 may file written 22 objections with the court. Such a document should be captioned “Objections to Magistrate 23 Judge's Findings and Recommendations.” Any reply to the objections shall be served and filed 24 within fourteen (14) days after service of the objections. The parties are advised that failure to 25 file objections within the specified time may result in the waiver of rights on appeal. Wilkerson 26 v. Wheeler, 772 F.3d 834, 838-39 (9th Cir. 2014) (citing Baxter v. Sullivan, 923 F.2d 1391, 1394 27 (9th Cir. 1991)).
28 3 The Warden has permission file objections and a reply to Plaintiff’s objections. 1 Additionally, IT IS ORDERED that the Clerk of Court is directed to assign a district judge 2 | to this case. 3 4 IT IS SO ORDERED. S| Dated: _Mareh 7, 2022 [spe ey □□ 6 UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28