Palmer Lane Development

CourtVermont Superior Court
DecidedMay 30, 2006
Docket219-10-05 Vtec
StatusPublished

This text of Palmer Lane Development (Palmer Lane Development) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Vermont Superior Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Palmer Lane Development, (Vt. Ct. App. 2006).

Opinion

STATE OF VERMONT

ENVIRONMENTAL COURT

} In re: Palmer Lane (Lavanway) Development } Docket Nos. 219‐10‐05 Vtec (Appeals of Rowe and Banschbach) } and 249‐11‐05 Vtec }

Decision and Order on Motion to Dismiss and Cross‐Motions for Summary Judgment

Appellants James Rowe and Valerie Banschbach appeal from two decisions of the

Development Review Board (DRB) of the Town of Jericho, approving Cross‐Appellant‐

Applicants (Applicants) Michael and Janet Lavanway1’s applications for development of

two new house lots and to improve an existing thirty‐foot‐wide access right‐of‐way serving

the proposed house lots on property at 90 Palmer Lane. Appellants are represented by

David W.M. Conrad, Esq.; Cross‐Appellant‐Applicants are represented by Roger E. Kohn,

Esq.; and the Town is represented by Gregg H. Wilson, Esq.

Renewed Motion to Dismiss

Applicants have renewed their motion to dismiss the appeal as untimely, because

Appellants filed their appeal from the Zoning Administrator’s decision at the Town offices

instead of directing it to the “secretary of the development review board,” as required by

24 V.S.A. §4465(a). We need not reach Appellants’ estoppel argument that it was the

Zoning Administrator who directed them to file the appeal at the Town offices, as filing a

timely appeal in the incorrect location does not render it untimely.

Uniformly, the procedural rules adopted by the Supreme Court for appeals to it

1 We use the spelling used in Applicants’ memoranda and affidavit; the name also appears in some other documents as LaVanway.

1 (V.R.A.P. 4), for appeals to Superior Court from decisions of administrative agencies

(V.R.C.P. 74(b)), and for appeals to Environmental Court (V.R.E.C.P. 5(b)(1)) provide that

if a notice of appeal is mistakenly filed in an incorrect location within the appellate system,

the receiving clerk is directed to note the date the notice was received and to forward the

notice to the tribunal or court at which it should have been filed. Such an incorrectly‐filed

notice is deemed to have been filed on the date on which it was first received at the

incorrect location. See also, Mohr v. Vill. of Manchester, 161 Vt. 562, 563 (1993) (mem.)

(applying the V.R.A.P. 4 rule to a zoning appeal to superior court, prior to the addition of

the rule to V.R.C.P. 74(b)). These rules are consistent with the preference of the judicial

system that cases should be decided on their merits if possible. See, e.g., Shahi v. Ascend

Financial Servs., Inc., 2006 VT 29, ¶3, n.1; Desjarlais v. Gilman, 143 Vt. 154, 158‐159 (1983);

and V.R.E.C.P. 1 (“a full and fair determination.”). To the extent that we even reach the

question of the timeliness of the appeal from the Zoning Administrator to the DRB (see

entry order dated December 23, 2005), its filing at the Town offices did not render it

untimely.

Motions for Summary Judgment

The following facts are undisputed unless otherwise noted. Applicants own an 89‐

acre parcel of land in the Agricultural zoning district. Its easterly boundary is the Jericho‐

Underhill town line. Appellants own a five‐acre parcel of land bounded on the west by

Palmer Lane, a town road, and on the east by Applicants’ property. A six‐acre parcel of

land, property of Connelle, is located northerly of Appellants’ property, also bounded on

the west by Palmer Lane and on the east by Applicants’ property. Palmer Lane turns in a

northerly direction along the westerly boundary of the Connelle property, ending at

Applicants’ property.

Applicants have potential access to their property by Palmer Lane, although that

2 access is not developed with a driveway and would not be as convenient for their present

purposes as the developed driveway that is disputed by the parties. Applicants have

developed a driveway or roadway over a disputed thirty‐foot‐wide right‐of‐way running

along the easterly boundary of Appellants’ property, between parallel stone walls. This

right‐of‐way is the subject of litigation2 between Appellants and Applicants that was

decided in Applicants’ favor by the Chittenden Superior Court in Docket No. S1159‐02 CnC

and at present is on appeal to the Vermont Supreme Court as Docket No. 2005‐043.

Applicants intend to provide a house lot divided from their land to each of their

three children for the construction of residences. Two of these proposed lots (shown as Lot

1 and Lot 3 on the reduced‐size diagram of the proposed subdivision filed with the Court

by Applicants on January 4, 2006) are the subject of the present application and appeal.

Proposed Lot 1 is 3.26 acres in area; proposed Lot 3 is 1.89 acres in area. Both proposed lots

are proposed to be served by the disputed right‐of‐way; however, access to the proposed

lots from the end of Palmer Lane is also possible, if necessary. Applicants propose

conveying each lot to one of their children in good faith for that child’s use as a primary

residence for the foreseeable future.

Article I, §3(21) of the Subdivision Regulations provides that the definition of

“subdivision” does not apply in the case of “a subdivider or applicant who conveys a

parcel of land from a larger parcel owned by the subdivider or applicant to his child or

children or parent(s) for their own residence in accordance with Section 104(2) of the

Jericho Zoning Regulations.” By this language, the Subdivision Regulations incorporated

2 That litigation addresses questions of which of the parties owns the land lying under this right‐of‐way; what is the extent of Applicants’ allowed use of this right‐of‐way, if any; and whether those rights had been terminated or extinguished by adverse possession.

3 by reference into Article I, §3(21) the then‐existing text of §104(2) of the Zoning Regulations.

McLaughry v. Norwich, 140 Vt. 49, 52‐53 (1981). At the time that this section was adopted,

§104(2) of the Zoning Regulations provided in full that:

If the owner of a parcel of 25 acres or more lawfully divides the same into two or more lots of at least 1 acre each, any such lot will be exempt from the applicable dimensional requirements provided: (a) it is acquired by one or more of the owner’s children or parents (or is retained by the owner) in good faith for the purpose of using it for their own residence for the foreseeable future, (b) the new (or retaining) owner does not develop such lot for any other purpose, and (c) any development for such purpose shall be subject to the applicable minimum front yard depth requirement and – to the extent that it adjoins land not constituting part of the original parcel – shall be subject to the applicable minimum side and rear yard requirements.

The fact that the Zoning Regulations have since been amended has no effect on this

incorporation by reference. McLaughry v. Norwich, 140 Vt. at 52; and see Erie County v.

Flacke, 80 A.D.2d 954, 955, 438 N.Y.S.2d 18, 20 (3d Dept. 1981).

In any event, the text of this section has been carried forward essentially intact in

§302 of the present Zoning Regulations, entitled “Dimensional Controls.” Present §302.1.4

exempts certain family subdivisions from the otherwise‐applicable dimensional

requirements. Section 302.1.4 contains a statement of the policy behind its adoption, as

well as restating the three criteria that an applicant must meet to obtain the exemption. It

provides in full that:

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Related

In Re Appeal of Casella Waste Management, Inc.
2003 VT 49 (Supreme Court of Vermont, 2003)
In Re McCormick Management Co., Inc.
547 A.2d 1319 (Supreme Court of Vermont, 1988)
Mohr v. Village of Manchester
641 A.2d 89 (Supreme Court of Vermont, 1993)
In Re Appeal of Taft Corners Associates, Inc.
758 A.2d 804 (Supreme Court of Vermont, 2000)
McLaughry v. Town of Norwich
433 A.2d 319 (Supreme Court of Vermont, 1981)
Desjarlais v. Gilman
463 A.2d 234 (Supreme Court of Vermont, 1983)
County of Erie v. Flacke
80 A.D.2d 954 (Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York, 1981)
Shahi v. Ascend Financial Services, Inc.
2006 VT 29 (Supreme Court of Vermont, 2006)

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