Palahnuk v. Comm'r

127 T.C. No. 9, 127 T.C. 118, 2006 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 29
CourtUnited States Tax Court
DecidedOctober 11, 2006
DocketNo. 12015-05
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 127 T.C. No. 9 (Palahnuk v. Comm'r) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States Tax Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Palahnuk v. Comm'r, 127 T.C. No. 9, 127 T.C. 118, 2006 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 29 (tax 2006).

Opinion

OPINION

Laro, Judge:

This case is before the Court for decision without trial. See Rule 122.1 Petitioners petitioned the Court to redetermine respondent’s determination of a $155,305 deficiency in their 2001 Federal income tax. The deficiency stems from respondent’s disallowance of an adjustment that petitioners made in calculating their 2001 alternative minimum taxable income (AMTI). We decide whether the calculation of petitioners’ 2001 AMTI includes an adjustment for the difference between the 2001 regular tax capital gain and 2001 alternative minimum tax (AMT) capital loss that were attributable to the sale of stock purchased through the exercise of an incentive stock option within the meaning of section 422(b) (iso).2 We hold that petitioners’ 2001 AMTI is calculated by adjusting their 2001 taxable income by the difference between the regular tax capital loss included in the computation of their 2001 taxable income and the $3,000 AMT capital loss that is allowed for 2001 under section 1211(b).

Background

All facts were stipulated or contained in the exhibits submitted therewith. We find the facts accordingly. Petitioners are husband and wife, and they filed a joint 2001 Form 1040, U.S. Individual Income Tax Return (2001 return). They resided in Hauppauge, New York, when their petition was filed.

During 2000 and 2001, Jonathan N. Palahnuk (petitioner) was employed by Metromedia Fiber Network, Inc. (Metromedia). On February 23, 1998, he and Metromedia entered into an agreement (petitioner’s ISO) that allowed him to purchase shares of Metromedia class A common stock at a set price. Petitioner’s ISO qualified as an ISO under section 422(b).

On March 15, 2000, petitioner exercised petitioner’s ISO and purchased some Metromedia shares at a total cost of $99,949. On that date, the purchased shares had a total fair market value of $2,185,958. Petitioner realized no income or loss on the exercise for purposes of computing petitioners’ 2000 taxable income but realized $2,086,009 of income for purposes of computing petitioners’ 2000 AMTI.

In 2001, petitioner sold the Metromedia shares for $248,410 and realized a regular tax capital gain of $148,461 (the shares’ selling price of $248,410, less the shares’ exercise cost of $99,949) and (as rounded) a $1,937,547 AMT capital loss (the shares’ selling price of $248,410, less the shares’ amt adjusted basis of $2,185,958).3 Unrelated to any ISO, petitioner during 2001 also realized capital losses totaling $153,625.

On their 2001 return, petitioners included a $3,000 capital loss in calculating their 2001 taxable income as $561,161 and calculating their regular tax liability as $191,457. Although petitioners were not subject to the AMT in 2001, they computed their 2001 AMTI to ascertain the amount of the section 53 credit for prior year minimum tax liability that they could claim in 2001. Petitioners calculated their 2001 AMTI on 2001 Form 6251, Alternative Minimum Tax — Individuals, by reporting a negative $1,929,509 adjustment on line 9 of that form and by reporting two other unrelated adjustments in the total amount of $5,999.4 They reported that their AMTI was negative $1,362,349 (taxable income of $561,161 + negative $1,929,509 + $5,999) and that their 2001 tentative minimum tax and 2001 AMT were both zero. For 2000, petitioners’ AMT equaled $588,066. Petitioners adjusted that amount by $46,553 to reflect a net minimum tax on exclusion items and claimed on their 2001 return that they had a $541,513 minimum tax credit that could be applied to 2001 and later years. Petitioners applied $191,457 of this credit to their 2001 regular tax liability of $191,457, thus reducing that liability to zero, and claimed the $350,056 balance as a minimum tax carryover to 2002.

Respondent determined that petitioners were not entitled to the negative $1,929,509 adjustment. Accordingly, respondent determined, petitioners’ 2001 AMTI was $567,160 (negative $1,362,349 + $1,929,509) and their resulting 2001 tentative minimum tax was $155,305. Further, respondent determined, petitioners had no 2001 net minimum tax on exclusion items and a $588,066 minimum tax credit ($541,513 + $46,553) that was available for 2001 and later years. Respondent determined that petitioners could apply $36,152 of that credit to 2001 (regular tax liability of $191,457 - 2001 tentative minimum tax of $155,305) and carry over the $551,914 balance to later years.

Discussion

The Internal Revenue Code imposes upon taxpayers an AMT in addition to all other taxes imposed by subtitle A. See sec. 55(a); Allen v. Commissioner, 118 T.C. 1, 5 (2002). The amt is imposed upon a taxpayer’s AMTI, which is an income base broader than the usual base of taxable income applicable for Federal income taxes in general. See Allen v. Commissioner, supra at 5. In order to compute AMTI, an individual must first compute his or her taxable income and then alter that amount (by way of an adjustment or an increase) to reflect the items described in the remainder of part VI, subchapter A, chapter 1, subtitle A (part VI).5 Id. at 10.

One item described in part VI is ISOs. Specifically, section 56(b)(3) provides that “Section 421 shall not apply to the transfer of stock acquired pursuant to the exercise of an incentive stock option * * *. The adjusted basis of any stock so acquired shall be determined on the basis of the treatment prescribed by this paragraph.” Under section 421, an individual who exercises an ISO is not taxed on the exercise but is taxed when he or she sells the resulting stock. See sec. 421(a). Thus, pursuant to sections 56(b)(3) and 421(a), petitioners were required to recognize the following income or loss on the exercise of petitioner’s ISO in 2000 and the sale of the resulting stock in 2001: For 2000, zero and income of $2,086,009 for regular tax and AMT purposes, respectively; for 2001, a capital gain of $148,461 and a capital loss of $1,937,547 for regular tax and AMT purposes, respectively.

Petitioners assert that section 56 entitles them to deduct a net operating loss for 2001 equal to the $2,086,009 difference (as rounded) between the 2001 regular tax capital gain of $148,461 and the 2001 AMT capital loss of $1,937,547. To this end, petitioners argue, the $2,086,009 difference is an AMT net operating loss within the meaning of section 56(d)(2)(A)(i) and allowing such a deduction comports with legislative intent, equity, and policy. In Merlo v. Commissioner, 126 T.C. 205 (2006), the Court recently rejected similar arguments made by the taxpayers there. We do likewise here for the same reasons stated in Merlo.6 Accord Montgomery v. Commissioner, 127 T.C. 43 (2006); Spitz v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 2006-168.

Alternatively, petitioners argue, they may compute their 2001 AMTI by subtracting from their 2001 taxable income the $151,461 difference between the $148,461 regular tax capital gain for 2001 and the $3,000 allowable AMT capital loss for 2001. According to petitioners, this difference is a net operating loss negative adjustment that reduces their 2001 taxable income.

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Bluebook (online)
127 T.C. No. 9, 127 T.C. 118, 2006 U.S. Tax Ct. LEXIS 29, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/palahnuk-v-commr-tax-2006.