Orlinsky v. Patraka

971 So. 2d 796, 2007 WL 1931289
CourtDistrict Court of Appeal of Florida
DecidedJuly 5, 2007
Docket3D05-2002
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 971 So. 2d 796 (Orlinsky v. Patraka) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court of Appeal of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Orlinsky v. Patraka, 971 So. 2d 796, 2007 WL 1931289 (Fla. Ct. App. 2007).

Opinion

971 So.2d 796 (2007)

Myron ORLINSKY, Appellant,
v.
Peter PATRAKA, Appellee.

No. 3D05-2002.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.

July 5, 2007.
Rehearing and Rehearing Denied January 28, 2008.

*797 Joel S. Perwin; Fowler White Burnett and Helaine S. Goodner, Miami, for appellant.

John G. Crabtree, Key Biscayne, for appellee.

Before RAMIREZ, SUAREZ, and LAGOA, JJ.

Rehearing and Rehearing En Banc Denied January 28, 2008.

RAMIREZ, J.

Myron Orlinsky appeals the trial court's final order denying his motion for judgment in accordance with a motion for directed verdict, for remittitur, or for new trial; the order on appellee Peter Patraka's motion for prejudgment interest and costs, and motion for entry of final judgment; and the amended final judgment entered in favor of Patraka. Because the evidence in the record does not support Patraka's claim regarding any of the alleged breach of fiduciary duties or majority shareholder duties owed to him by Orlinsky, we conclude that Orlinsky was entitled to a directed verdict on Count II, the breach of fiduciary duty count. We thus reverse and remand for entry of judgment in Orlinsky's favor.

FACTS

1. Orlinsky and Patraka's History and Their Agreement

Orlinsky and Patraka both worked in their father-in-law's company, Rayex Corporation, in the late 1960's. They eventually decided to open a business together, Visual Scene, Inc., in 1969, which sold non-prescription eyeglasses to retailers. They executed a written shareholder agreement, stating that they were to receive equal salaries and benefits, as well as share equally in the company's profits and losses. Patraka contends that after they were in business together for several years, they decided to forego a written agreement and instead orally agreed they would be equal partners in any venture they operated.

*798 During the next thirty years, they founded, owned and operated a number of companies together. Orlinsky and Patraka always owned an equal number of shares and always received identical compensation and benefits. Patraka handled sales, cultivated clients and negotiated contracts. Orlinsky handled the finances and the administration of the companies, including issuing stock certificates, as well as working with foreign investors. Their understanding, while running all of these companies, was always that they were equal partners in everything. In 1988, after Visual Scene lost a major lawsuit, its lender (Fleet National Bank) foreclosed on its assets and took over Visual Scene.

2. The VSI Acquisition in 1989 and VSI International

In 1989, Orlinsky approached Benny Huen, one of his closest friends, about buying Visual Scene's assets from the bank. Huen put together a group of investors, and they purchased the assets from Fleet National Bank for over $1 million and also loaned the company $900,000. The company was re-established as a new entity called Visual Acquisition Corporation, which later became Visual Scene International (VSI). Patraka and Orlinsky each received 25.83% interest of the VSI stock, and the foreign investors put together by Huen received a 43.34% interest. Orlinsky's younger brother, Marc, received 5% interest of the shares. Orlinsky and Patraka agreed they would buy out the investors and regain control and ownership of the company. In the interim, they both orally agreed to receive the same salaries. Patraka and Orlinsky never had a written partnership or shareholder agreement with respect to VSI.

In December 1989, VSI's directors and shareholders approved an amendment to VSI's Articles of Incorporation which provided that the shareholders waived all of their preemptive rights, thereby permitting any VSI shareholder to acquire additional shares of VSI. The Articles of Incorporation did not require that a shareholder inform other shareholders of a sale of their VSI shares. Patraka conceded at trial that the Articles of Incorporation did not require that he and Orlinsky own an equal number of shares.

Additionally, Orlinsky and Patraka each had a three-year employment contract with VSI, dated January 26, 1989, stating that they would each receive the same salary and benefits. That contract was superseded by another contract, under which VSI employed Patraka as president until December 31, 1992.

3. The Formation of Top Gear

In 1992, Orlinsky proposed that Huen and the foreign investors form a foreign company called Top Gear to sell eyewear and allow the U.S. shareholders to defer payment of income tax on income earned from that company. The investors would own 43.34% of the stock, Patraka and Orlinsky would each own a 25% interest, and Marc Orlinsky would own approximately 6% interest. Patraka testified that Orlinsky told him their income would be deferred until it was brought into the United States and taxes would be paid then.

4. VSI's Conversion to a Subchapter "S" Corporation

In 1995, Orlinsky and Patraka met with accountants and counsel to obtain advice regarding converting VSI from a "C" corporation to a Subchapter "S" corporation. They were advised that foreign investors could not own stock in VSI once it became a Subchapter "S" corporation. In 1996, VSI became a Subchapter "S" corporation. The foreign investors sold their VSI shares to Orlinsky, in exchange for which he transferred his 125 shares of Top Gear to the foreign investors. After this sale *799 and transfer, Orlinsky owned a 69% interest of the outstanding shares of VSI.

Patraka alleges that, without notice to Patraka, Orlinsky secretly traded his 25% interest in Top Gear to the foreign investors in exchange for their 43.34% interest in VSI. Patraka testified that he knew that the foreign investors would need to sell their VSI shares for VSI to become a Subchapter S corporation, but he thought that the shares would be evenly distributed between Orlinsky and himself. Other than the long-standing oral agreement to be equal partners, there was nothing precluding Orlinsky from exchanging his Top Gear stock for VSI stock, nor was Orlinsky required to inform Patraka of the transaction.

5. Patraka's Lawsuit Against Orlinsky

During the late 1990's, the relationship between Orlinsky and Patraka deteriorated, eventually leading to VSI's Board of Directors terminating Patraka's employment. Patraka filed suit against Orlinsky in November 1999, which consisted of a four count amended complaint that included: Count I for breach of an open-ended oral contract assuring equal ownership, compensation, and benefits; Count II for breach of a fiduciary relationship based on the alleged oral agreement, as well as a "special trust and confidence reposed by Patraka and accepted by Orlinsky in connection with their common investments" and an "agency relationship and the fact that Orlinsky was a majority shareholder in VSI and Patraka was a minority shareholder"; Count III which alleged a constructive trust; and Count IV which alleged a tortious interference with an advantageous contractual relationship. Patraka claims that it was only after the lawsuit was filed that he found out that in November 1995, Orlinsky had obtained an additional 4,334 shares of VSI stock from the foreign investors. Orlinsky denied the allegations and asserted the Statute of Frauds as a defense to the breach of contract claim.

The case was tried before a jury in March 2005. At the close of trial, Orlinsky moved for a directed verdict on all four counts. The trial court granted Orlinsky's motion on Counts I (breach of contract), III (constructive trust) and IV (tortious interference).

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
971 So. 2d 796, 2007 WL 1931289, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/orlinsky-v-patraka-fladistctapp-2007.