Oliver v. Crook

52 N.E.2d 453, 321 Ill. App. 55, 1943 Ill. App. LEXIS 44
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedDecember 14, 1943
DocketGen. No. 42,079
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 52 N.E.2d 453 (Oliver v. Crook) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Oliver v. Crook, 52 N.E.2d 453, 321 Ill. App. 55, 1943 Ill. App. LEXIS 44 (Ill. Ct. App. 1943).

Opinion

Mr. Justice Scanlan

delivered the opinion of the court.

A chancery proceeding in which plaintiff claims to have received as a gift from James B. McMurdie, deceased, during his lifetime, the contents of a safety deposit box. The complaint charges that Isabelle Crook, as administratrix of the estate of McMurdie, deceased, obtained possession of the contents of the box, has withheld the contents from plaintiff, and has stated that she proposes to distribute the contents to herself, Henrietta Springer, Joseph McMurdie and Grace Campbell, as the heirs of McMurdie; that the administratrix has sold the jewelry contained in the box and has perhaps sold part of the securities contained therein, and has made some disposition of the cash found therein; that the administratrix holds the assets as a constructive trustee for plaintiff and should be required to account to plaintiff and turn over to her the contents of the box together with the proceeds which may have been realized by the administratrix through selling or disposing of part of the contents; that plaintiff is entitled to an accounting against the administratrix and the four individual defendants relative to the contents of the safety deposit box. The cause was heard by a chancellor upon the verified complaint, the verified answer, the verified reply thereto, and evidence heard in open court, and a decree was entered finding the equities in favor of plaintiff and ordering defendant Isabelle Crook, as administratrix, to pay over to plaintiff in due course of administration the sum claimed by plaintiff, $4,233.31, and ordering defendant Isabelle Crook in her individual capacity and the other three defendants to each pay over to the administratrix the sum of $1,293.79. It was conceded that the administratrix sold the contents of the box, save an insurance policy contained therein, for $4,233.31 and that she distributed, without a court order, to each of the individual defendants, including herself, the sum of $1,293.79. Defendants appeal.

No point is raised on the pleadings. Briefs were filed by the four defendants sued individually, and briefs were also filed by Isabelle Crook as administratrix.

It is clear that plaintiff deserved the gift that she claims McMurdie gave her. After the death of his wife, a sister of plaintiff, and for about four years preceding Ms death, McMurdie resided at the home of plaintiff and her husband. During the last year of his life he suffered from cancer, which caused his death in February, 1940. • Because of his' condition he required constant nursing and care, which was given to him by plaintiff. She prepared certain diets for him and sometimes it was necessary for her to feed him; she took care of his room and clothing, and plaintiff’s husband bathed him. Plaintiff received no compensation for the nursing and care and McMurdie made no regular payments for board and room during the time that he lived at the home of plaintiff although he occasionally contributed small amounts toward board and lodging.

For some time prior to his death McMurdie had a safe deposit box at the Upper Avenue National Bank of Chicago. The box contained stocks, bonds, cash, jewelry, and an insurance policy, and it is stipulated that the value of the contents of the box, exclusive of the insurance policy, was $4,233.31. On the evening of January 5,1940, less than a month before his death, McMurdie was present at a family birthday dinner at the home of plaintiff. Present at the dinner were McMurdie; plaintiff and her husband, E. M. Oliver; Mr. and Mrs. William K. Oliver; William R. Keene, and Mr. and Mrs. Russell M. Oliver. William K. Oliver testified: ‘ ‘ Toward the end of the meal Mr. McMurdie got up and said he wasn’t feeling well, he was going to Ms room. He started away from the table and turned around and said — my mother, Alice Oliver, always called her mother — he said, ‘mother, I am going to give you the key to my safety deposit box. I want you to have the securities there that is in there. I want you to have those.’ At that time he handed her the key to the box and then he went upstairs. ’ ’ William R. Keene, Mr. and Mrs. Russell M. Oliver and Mrs. William K. Oliver also testified to the same effect and there is no substantial variance in the testimony of the five witnesses. None of- the witnesses has any interest in the estate of McMurdie and the testimony as to the gift is not impeached in any way. The able and experienced chancellor who saw the witnesses and heard them testify made a finding in the decree that follows their testimony as to the gift. Counsel for defendants, upon the oral argument, conceded that this court would have to assume as true the testimony given as to the occurrence at the birthday dinner. After January 5, 1940, Mr. McMurdie was in bed most of the time, although he may have been outside of the house once' or twice. He did not go to the safety deposit box after January 5. Nor did plaintiff, until after the death of McMurdie.

This appeal presents a case in which it is clear that McMurdie intended to make a gift of the contents of the box to plaintiff. Defendants insist, however, that the evidence is not sufficient to prove one of the essentials necessary to constitute a gift inter vivos, vis., delivery. On the other hand, counsel for plaintiff contends that the delivery of the key to the safe deposit box was a good symbolic delivery of the contents of the box.

“Constructive Delivery. The trend of modern decisions is toward a modification of the early English rule requiring an actual, manual delivery of the property in all cases, to constitute a valid gift inter vivos, and the substitution therefor of a symbolic or constructive delivery, where the circumstances of the case require it. Now, according to the better doctrine, an unequivocal declaration of gift, accompanied by a delivery of the only means by which possession of the thing given can be obtained, is sufficient.” (20 Cyc. 1199.)

“Constructive or Symbolical Delivery. The trend of modern decisions is toward a modification of the early English rule requiring an actual, manual delivery of the property in all cases, to constitute a valid gift inter vivos, and the substitution therefor of a symbolic or constructive delivery, where the circumstances of the case require it. Thus, in some cases, an unequivocal declaration of gift, accompanied by a delivery of the only means by which possession of the article given can be obtained, is sufficient. This is the rule where the article intended to be given is not present, or, if present, is incapable of manual delivery, as where it is too bulky. So, if the subject of the gift is under lock and key, delivery of the key, accompanied by words expressing a present intention to give, will satisfy the requirements of the law.” (28 C. J. 636, 637.)

“Delivery of Key to Box or Receptacle. — Many cases on constructive delivery have been those in which there was a delivery of the key of a box or other receptacle containing property. The rule that appears to be most in accord with the authorities is that where the things intended to be given are not present, or where present are incapable of manual delivery from their size and weight, a delivery of a key to the receptacle or room containing them is a sufficient delivery to sustain a gift, but that where the articles are present and capable of manual delivery, the delivery of a key is insufficient, especially if the donee does not take the property into his actual possession during the lifetime of the donor.” (24 Am. Jur. 745.) (See, also, 14 A. & E. Encycl. of L.

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Bluebook (online)
52 N.E.2d 453, 321 Ill. App. 55, 1943 Ill. App. LEXIS 44, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/oliver-v-crook-illappct-1943.