NORTHSIDE TITLE & ABSTRACT COMPANY, INC. v. Simmons

Court of Appeals of Georgia

NORTHSIDE TITLE & ABSTRACT COMPANY, INC. v. Simmons

409 S.E.2d 885, 200 Ga. App. 892, 1991 Ga. App. LEXIS 1160

CourtCourt of Appeals of Georgia

DecidedJuly 31, 1991

DocketA91A0715

StatusPublished

Cited by10 cases

This text of 409 S.E.2d 885 (NORTHSIDE TITLE & ABSTRACT COMPANY, INC. v. Simmons) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Georgia primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

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NORTHSIDE TITLE & ABSTRACT COMPANY, INC. v. Simmons, 409 S.E.2d 885, 200 Ga. App. 892, 1991 Ga. App. LEXIS 1160 (Ga. Ct. App. 1991).

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Opinions

Carley, Judge.

A simplified statement of the facts, insofar as they are relevant, is as follows: Appellee-defendant Ms. Cynthia Simmons and her co-tenant conveyed property to Ms. Jean Wooster. At the time of this conveyance, there was a federal tax lien against the property. Wooster subsequently conveyed the property to Fulton Federal Savings & Loan Association of Atlanta (FFS&L). At the time of this conveyance, there was still a federal tax lien against the property. After the federal tax was paid and the lien was removed, FFS&L assigned its claim for breach of warranty to appellant-plaintiff Northside Title & Abstract Company, Inc. Appellant, as FFS&L’s assignee, filed suit for breach of warranty against appellee. After discovery, cross-motions for summary judgment were filed. The trial court granted summary judgment in favor of appellee and denied appellant’s motion. Appellant appeals from the trial court’s order on the cross-motions for summary judgment.

The evidence of record demonstrates that appellee and her co-tenant conveyed the property to Wooster by general warranty deed. “A general warranty of title against the claims of all persons includes covenants ... of freedom from encumbrances.” OCGA § 44-5-62. At the time of this conveyance to Wooster, the property was not free of encumbrances. Accordingly, appellee, as well as her co-tenant, would be liable to Wooster for the breach of their general warranty. Ashburn v. Watson, 8 Ga. App. 566 (2) (70 SE 19) (1911). Wooster subsequently conveyed the property to FFS&L by a security deed containing a limited warranty of “title to the property against all claims and demands, subject to any encumbrances of record.” (Emphasis supplied.) At the time of this conveyance to FFS&L, the encumbrance on the property had not been removed. However, Wooster could not be liable to FFS&L for a breach of her limited warranty because the encumbrance was “of record.”

Wooster’s non-liability to FFS&L for a breach of her subsequent limited warranty would not, however, prevent FFS&L from recovering against appellee and her co-tenant for the breach of their original general warranty. “The purchaser of lands obtains with the title, whether conveyed to him at public or private sale, all the rights which any former owner of the land under whom he claims may have had by virtue of any covenants of warranty of title, of quiet enjoyment, or [893]*893of freedom from encumbrances contained in the conveyance from any former grantor unless the transmission of such covenants with the land is expressly prohibited in the covenant itself.” OCGA § 44-5-60 (a). FFS&L was a purchaser of lands from Wooster. Appellee and her co-tenant, as Wooster’s grantors, had given her a general warranty. The general warranty given by appellee and her co-tenant to Wooster did not expressly prohibit its transmission to subsequent owners. Accordingly, the general warranty given by appellee and her co-tenant to Wooster passed from Wooster to FFS&L. “Under the laws of this State, unless the covenant expressly negatives such transmission, a covenant of warranty of title, of quiet enjoyment, and of freedom from incumbrances, made by any grantor, passes with the land to subsequent purchasers.” (Emphasis supplied.) Tucker v. McArthur, 103 Ga. 409 (1) (30 SE 283) (1897). Since the general warranty given by appellee and her co-tenant to Wooster had passed from Wooster to FFS&L, FFS&L could sue appellee and her co-tenant for the breach of their general warranty. See Smith v. Smith, 129 Ga. App. 618 (200 SE2d 504) (1973).

Although, as FFS&L’s assignee, appellant acquired no greater rights against appellee than FFS&L had against her, appellant likewise acquired no lesser rights. Since FFS&L had a cause of action against appellee for breach of warranty, it follows that appellant, as FFS&L’s assignee, acquired the right to recover against appellee. A review of the record shows that no genuine issue of material fact remains as to appellee’s liability to appellant for breach of general warranty. It follows, therefore, that the trial court’s rulings on the cross-motions for summary judgment were erroneous and must be reversed.

Judgments reversed.

Sognier, C. J., McMurray, P. J., Birdsong, P. J., Pope, Beasley, Cooper and Andrews, JJ., concur. Banke, P. J., dissents.

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Carley, Judge.

A simplified statement of the facts, insofar as they are relevant, is as follows: Appellee-defendant Ms. Cynthia Simmons and her co-tenant conveyed property to Ms. Jean Wooster. At the time of this conveyance, there was a federal tax lien against the property. Wooster subsequently conveyed the property to Fulton Federal Savings & Loan Association of Atlanta (FFS&L). At the time of this conveyance, there was still a federal tax lien against the property. After the federal tax was paid and the lien was removed, FFS&L assigned its claim for breach of warranty to appellant-plaintiff Northside Title & Abstract Company, Inc. Appellant, as FFS&L’s assignee, filed suit for breach of warranty against appellee. After discovery, cross-motions for summary judgment were filed. The trial court granted summary judgment in favor of appellee and denied appellant’s motion. Appellant appeals from the trial court’s order on the cross-motions for summary judgment.

The evidence of record demonstrates that appellee and her co-tenant conveyed the property to Wooster by general warranty deed. “A general warranty of title against the claims of all persons includes covenants ... of freedom from encumbrances.” OCGA § 44-5-62. At the time of this conveyance to Wooster, the property was not free of encumbrances. Accordingly, appellee, as well as her co-tenant, would be liable to Wooster for the breach of their general warranty. Ashburn v. Watson, 8 Ga. App. 566 (2) (70 SE 19) (1911). Wooster subsequently conveyed the property to FFS&L by a security deed containing a limited warranty of “title to the property against all claims and demands, subject to any encumbrances of record.” (Emphasis supplied.) At the time of this conveyance to FFS&L, the encumbrance on the property had not been removed. However, Wooster could not be liable to FFS&L for a breach of her limited warranty because the encumbrance was “of record.”

Wooster’s non-liability to FFS&L for a breach of her subsequent limited warranty would not, however, prevent FFS&L from recovering against appellee and her co-tenant for the breach of their original general warranty. “The purchaser of lands obtains with the title, whether conveyed to him at public or private sale, all the rights which any former owner of the land under whom he claims may have had by virtue of any covenants of warranty of title, of quiet enjoyment, or [893]*893of freedom from encumbrances contained in the conveyance from any former grantor unless the transmission of such covenants with the land is expressly prohibited in the covenant itself.” OCGA § 44-5-60 (a). FFS&L was a purchaser of lands from Wooster. Appellee and her co-tenant, as Wooster’s grantors, had given her a general warranty. The general warranty given by appellee and her co-tenant to Wooster did not expressly prohibit its transmission to subsequent owners. Accordingly, the general warranty given by appellee and her co-tenant to Wooster passed from Wooster to FFS&L. “Under the laws of this State, unless the covenant expressly negatives such transmission, a covenant of warranty of title, of quiet enjoyment, and of freedom from incumbrances, made by any grantor, passes with the land to subsequent purchasers.” (Emphasis supplied.) Tucker v. McArthur, 103 Ga. 409 (1) (30 SE 283) (1897). Since the general warranty given by appellee and her co-tenant to Wooster had passed from Wooster to FFS&L, FFS&L could sue appellee and her co-tenant for the breach of their general warranty. See Smith v. Smith, 129 Ga. App. 618 (200 SE2d 504) (1973).

Although, as FFS&L’s assignee, appellant acquired no greater rights against appellee than FFS&L had against her, appellant likewise acquired no lesser rights. Since FFS&L had a cause of action against appellee for breach of warranty, it follows that appellant, as FFS&L’s assignee, acquired the right to recover against appellee. A review of the record shows that no genuine issue of material fact remains as to appellee’s liability to appellant for breach of general warranty. It follows, therefore, that the trial court’s rulings on the cross-motions for summary judgment were erroneous and must be reversed.

Judgments reversed.

Sognier, C. J., McMurray, P. J., Birdsong, P. J., Pope, Beasley, Cooper and Andrews, JJ., concur. Banke, P. J., dissents.

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409 S.E.2d 885, 200 Ga. App. 892, 1991 Ga. App. LEXIS 1160, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/northside-title-abstract-company-inc-v-simmons-gactapp-1991.

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