Norris v. State

490 So. 2d 839
CourtMississippi Supreme Court
DecidedMay 28, 1986
Docket56096
StatusPublished
Cited by24 cases

This text of 490 So. 2d 839 (Norris v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Mississippi Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Norris v. State, 490 So. 2d 839 (Mich. 1986).

Opinion

490 So.2d 839 (1986)

Curtis NORRIS
v.
STATE of Mississippi.

No. 56096.

Supreme Court of Mississippi.

May 28, 1986.
Rehearing Denied July 16, 1986.

*840 Laurel G. Weir, Thomas L. Booker, Philadelphia, for appellant.

Edwin Lloyd Pittman, Atty. Gen. by DeWitt Allred, Sp. Asst. Atty. Gen., Jackson, for appellee.

Before WALKER, P.J., and PRATHER and SULLIVAN, JJ.

SULLIVAN, Justice, for the Court:

Curtis Norris was convicted of aggravated assault for knowingly causing bodily injury to Terry Winstead by stabbing him with a knife. Norris was sentenced to fifteen (15) years in the Department of Corrections by the Circuit Court of Neshoba County, Mississippi.

Norris, a veteran of the Vietnam war, suffers from post-traumatic stress syndrome. On the night of May 5, 1984, while Norris, a patient at the Veterans Hospital, was out on a pass from that institution, he became an uninvited guest at the Neshoba County fairground cabin of Terry Winstead, where a party was in progress. Norris had consumed four or five quarts of beer and was taking medication, including valium. Around 11:00 p.m., Norris got into a scuffle with Doug Hardin, an invited guest. Ever the good host, Winstead intervened and attempted to escort Norris from the cabin. Norris struck Winstead, and Winstead, having gone as far as he could in deference to the customs of Southern hospitality, struck Norris back. Carl Ellis eventually got Norris outside and Norris left the cabin area. Approximately one hour later, Norris returned to the party and when the unarmed Winstead told him to leave Norris pulled a knife and stabbed Winstead in the stomach. The resulting wound, a cut from 1 1/2 to 2 inches long, bled *841 profusely. Winstead was taken to get medical attention and Norris was disarmed and arrested.

After the incident of May 6, 1983, Norris was returned to the Veterans Hospital and there remained until July 2, 1984.

Norris was indicted on September 20, 1984, and on the 21st he filed notice that he intended to rely upon the defense of insanity at the time of the crime. He moved for psychiatric examination, which was conducted by Dr. Timothy Summers. Dr. Summers concluded, as a result of the examination, that Norris knew the difference between right and wrong at the time of the crime and that he was competent to stand trial and participate with his attorney in his own defense.

The two-day trial began on September 26, 1984. Norris's motion for a directed verdict at the conclusion of the state's case was overruled. Norris then testified, and Dr. Stanley Russell also testified in his behalf as to the insanity defense. The state presented Dr. Summers in rebuttal on the insanity issue.

Found guilty by the jury, and sentenced to fifteen (15) years, Norris moved for a new trial. When he failed to get a new trial, he appealed to this Court.

I.

WAS IT ERROR TO GRANT INSTRUCTION S-4 OVER THE OBJECTION OF

NORRIS?

Instruction S-4 offered by the state is the "McDaniel Rule" that voluntary intoxication is not a defense to a crime. Norris objected that insanity, not intoxication, was his defense and, therefore, the state had no entitlement to instruction S-4. Norris argued to the trial judge that McDaniel v. State, 356 So.2d 1151 (Miss. 1978) was inapplicable as the case was governed by Lee v. State, 403 So.2d 132 (Miss. 1981), which held that the state was not entitled to a "McDaniel Rule" instruction to avoid the burden of proving intent.

The trial judge ruled that both sides had gone into the question of the condition of Norris with regard to alcohol and drugs, and thus the intoxication issue was before the jury. Furthermore, the trial judge found that while both doctors agreed that Norris suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder, they disagreed as to his mental condition at the time of the stabbing. Therefore, the trial judge reasoned that there was a factual issue under M'Naughten for the jury to decide, and a M'Naughten instruction (S-2) had been given.

Concluding that the jury could find that Norris was not M'Naughten insane at the time of the trial, the judge found that the evidence required him to instruct the jury that voluntary intoxication was not a lawful defense. Reluctantly, the trial judge granted instruction S-4. Norris again alleges that the record clearly shows that his defense was that of not mentally knowing right from wrong and at no place was the issue as to intoxication made a defense; his testimony concerning alcohol and drug abuse was only in reference to symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. Norris further contends that instruction S-4 caused the jury to find him guilty and to disregard his insanity plea defense.

In McDaniel v. State, supra, we said:

If a defendant, when sober, is capable of distinguishing between right and wrong, and the defendant voluntarily deprives himself of the ability to distinguish between right and wrong by reason of becoming intoxicated and commits an offense while in that condition, he is criminally responsible for such acts.

356 So.2d at 1161 (Sugg, J., concurring, with a majority of the Court agreeing with the rule).

We followed this rule in Harris v. State, 386 So.2d 393 (Miss. 1980). In Lee v. State, 403 So.2d 132 (Miss. 1981), the issue concerned the amendment, by the trial judge, of the defendant's instruction by adding the McDaniel rule. There we said the following:

The McDaniel rule prevents "submission to a jury the question of voluntary intoxication as a defense in specific intent *842 offenses." 356 So.2d at 1161. An amplified restatement of the rule is: a defendant, capable of distinguishing between right and wrong when sober, is not entitled to an instruction submitting to the jury his inability to form the specific intent to commit an offense because of his voluntary intoxication at the time the offense was committed. The rule was followed in Harris, supra.
In this case defendant was not entitled to the instruction in question, either as submitted by him, or as modified by the trial judge.

Id. at 134.

The Court additionally said the following:

We hasten to add that voluntary intoxication is not a substitute for intent. Trial courts must remember that the purpose of the McDaniel rule is to remove voluntary intoxication as a defense, not to provide an affirmative instruction for the state which might mislead a jury into thinking that it is not necessary to prove intent, when intent is a requisite ingredient of the offense.

Id.

It is this last statement that Norris contends is authority for reversal. However, in Smith v. State, 445 So.2d 227 (Miss. 1984), one of the assignments was that the court erred in granting a McDaniel rule instruction to the state. We noted the McDaniel and Lee cases, and then said the following:

The McDaniel court did not limit the question of voluntary intoxication to instructions either for the State or the accused. The rule is simply and clearly stated therein and means that, if a person, when sober, is capable of distinguishing right and wrong and voluntarily intoxicates or drugs himself to the extent that he does not know or understand his actions, e.g., steals, robs, or murders, he is responsible and he may be convicted and sentenced for the crime.

445 So.2d at 231. Further, in Jackson v. State,

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Bluebook (online)
490 So. 2d 839, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/norris-v-state-miss-1986.